华北东部侏罗—白垩纪原型盆地及其演化

在残留盆地展布、地层发育特征以及控盆因素分析的基础上,恢复了华北东部侏罗—白垩纪的原型盆地格局。研究表明,早—中侏罗世,华北东部处于古亚洲构造域向滨太平洋构造域演化的过渡阶段,为弱挤压成盆期,发育中小型山间盆地,早期盆地走向以近EW向为主,晚期NNE向盆地更为发育;盆地早期的沉积表现为对印支期造成的低洼地区的充填,晚期则表现为披覆式沉积。晚侏罗—早白垩世,华北东部构造演化主要受滨太平洋构造域的控制,进入大规模裂陷或断陷盆地发育阶段,火山活动强烈,原型盆地的展布具有明显分区性,受NW/NWW向、NE/NNE向断裂系统的控制,拉张断陷、拆离断陷、反转断陷及走滑拉张型盆地在不同的地区分布。晚白垩世,华北东部隆起剥蚀,仅少数地区沉积充填。     

华北东部侏罗—白垩纪盆地演化及其对构造运动的响应

华北东部侏罗—白垩纪盆地演化的阶段性反映了燕山运动的幕式过程.在华北东部侏罗—白垩纪残留盆地分布、沉积充填特征研究的基础上,结合区域构造演化背景,恢复了晚中生代华北东部的原型盆地格局.结果表明:早—中侏罗世华北东部处于由古亚洲构造域向滨太平洋构造域演化的过渡阶段,早期发育一些小的山间沉积盆地群,表现为对印支期造成的低洼地区的充填,晚期表现为披覆式沉积;晚侏罗世进入中生代重要的构造转折期,华北东部构造演化受控于西太平洋区板块活动,晚侏罗—早白垩世伸展断陷盆地发育,盆地的展布具有明显的分区性,沉积充填受北东—北北东向和北西—北西西向断裂系统控制;晚白垩世,郯庐断裂带以西的华北东部地区持续隆升,仅局部洼陷有红色碎屑沉积充填.     

吐哈侏罗纪原型盆地演化对烃源岩分布的控制

吐哈侏罗纪原型盆地演化主要表现为早、中侏罗世断陷盆地向晚侏罗世挤压再生前陆盆地转变。原型盆地演化控制了这一时期的大地构造格局,古地理环境发生改变,古气候条件相应调整,在这样特殊的古地貌背景下沉积了该时期重要的烃源岩层。早、中侏罗世,吐哈盆地沉积了温暖、潮湿气候条件下的河湖、沼泽相层系,其中广阔湖相沉积的暗色泥岩、炭质泥岩及煤层成为该时期最重要的烃源岩;晚侏罗世,盆地接受干旱气候条件下的山麓河流相沉积,很少有烃源岩。中、下侏罗统八道湾组和西山窑组含煤岩系是盆地内的主力烃源岩,中侏罗统七克台组湖相至半深湖相沉积,是盆地内的次要烃源岩。     

Middle-Late Jurassic marine dinoflagellate cysts from the eastern Qiangtang Basin in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China

Dinoflagellate cysts from two Middle-Late Jurassic sections in the Wenquan and Yanshiping regions of the Qiangtang Basin comprise 24 genera and 36 species including one new taxon of the genus Tenua. Based on their stratigraphic distribution, six assemblage zones are recognized in ascending order as follows: 1) Tubotuberella egemenii Zone, probably Callovian, in the mid-upper part of the Xiali Formation; 2) Pareodinia ceratophora Zone, probably Oxfordian, in the lower part of the Suowa Formation; 3) Batiacasphaera floralis Zone, probably Oxfordian, in the middle part of the Suowa Formation; 4) Amphorula metaelliptica Zone, probably Early Kimmeridgian, in the upper part of the Suowa Formation; 5) Alisocysta spp. Zone, probably Early Kimmeridgian, in the base of the Xueshan Formation; 6) Tenua wenquanensis sp. nov. -Dichadogonyaulax schizoblata Zone, probably Late Kimmeridgian-Tithonian, in the lower part of the Xueshan Formation. Based on our analysis the Jurassic-Cretaceous Boundary in the Wenquan section is placed higher than previously.     

中生代焉耆盆地演化特征

目的探讨焉耆盆地中生代盆地的演化。方法通过盆地断裂活动特征、沉积演化特征探讨盆地演化阶段。结果盆地断裂活动分为3个阶段,中晚三叠世挤压断层发育阶段、侏罗纪—早白垩世伸展正断层发育阶段和晚白垩世挤压逆冲断层发育阶段;沉积演化分为两个阶段,中—晚三叠世挤压环境的辫状河—浅湖相沉积,早—中侏罗世伸展环境的辫状河—浅湖相沉积。结论焉耆盆地中生代的演化可分为中晚三叠世前陆盆地阶段、侏罗纪—早白垩世的伸展阶段和晚白垩世的挤压抬升阶段3个阶段。     

Middle-Late Jurassic marine dinoflagellate cysts from the eastern Qiangtang Basin in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China

Dinoflagellate cysts from two Middle-Late Jurassic sections in the Wenquan and Yanshiping regions of the Qiangtang Basin comprise 24 genera and 36 species including one new taxon of the genus Tenua. Based on their stratigraphic distribution, six assemblage zones are recognized in ascending order as follows: 1) Tubotuberella egemenii Zone, probably Callovian, in the mid-upper part of the Xiali Formation; 2) Pareodinia ceratophora Zone, probably Oxfordian, in the lower part of the Suowa Formation; 3) Batiacasphaera floralis Zone, probably Oxfordian, in the middle part of the Suowa Formation; 4) Amphorula metaelliptica Zone, probably Early Kimmeridgian, in the upper part of the Suowa Formation; 5) Alisocysta spp. Zone, probably Early Kimmeridgian, in the base of the Xueshan Formation; 6) Tenua wenquanensis sp. nov. -Dichadogonyaulax schizoblata Zone, probably Late Kimmeridgian-Tithonian, in the lower part of the Xueshan Formation. Based on our analysis the Jurassic-Cretaceous Boundary in the Wenquan section is placed higher than previously.     

西藏江孜县沙拉岗锑（金）矿区重力流沉积特征

对西藏江孜县沙拉岗锑 (金 )矿区的沉积相进行了划分 ,并重点阐述了颇具特色的各种重力流沉积 (滑动沉积、碎屑流沉积、浊流沉积 ) ,为分析研究锑 (金 )成矿作用提供了丰富的基础资料。     

阿拉伯半岛中南部上前寒武系至自垩系地层分布及特征

阿拉伯半岛中部和南部结晶基底之上最早的稳定沉积是前寒武纪晚期至早寒武世的断陷盆地沉积,以碳酸岩、碎屑岩和蒸发岩为特征。寒武系至下二叠统地层由陆源碎屑岩及少量碳酸岩组成。晚二叠世开始广泛海侵。以浅海灰岩为主,沉积范围向南扩展。三叠纪晚期至侏罗纪初期地壳上升剥蚀。侏罗系和白垩系地层以浅海碳酸岩为主,其间晚白垩世土伦期再次受到地壳运动影响。     

兰坪-思茅盆地原型的性质及演化

兰坪—思茅中生代盆地发育于滇西古特提斯多岛洋构造格局基础之上,其形成演化与特提斯—三江造山带的构造演化密切相关.对盆地形成早期火山岩和盆地不同时代砂岩的构造地球化学分析表明,兰坪—思茅中生代盆地的原型主要具有大陆边缘裂谷盆地的性质.其演化经历多阶段复杂的演化历程,中三叠世,伴随中特提斯洋开启,地壳拉张裂陷,兰坪—思茅中生代盆地原型开始形成.晚三叠世末—早侏罗世,由于受中特提斯关闭引起的造山运动的影响,下侏罗统普遍缺失.从中侏罗世开始,由于新特提斯洋开启,盆地再次下沉接受中侏罗统—白垩系的沉积.喜马拉雅造山运动,使本区地壳大面积隆升,兰坪—思茅盆地原型遭受强烈变形,继而在中生代裂谷盆地基础上叠加了新生代的拉分盆地.构造演化控制了盆地沉降作用、沉积作用、火成活动和构造格架.     

Mesozoic basin development and its indication of collisional orogeny in the Dabie orogen

The Dabie orogen underwent deep continental subduction, rapid exhumation, and the huge amount of erosion during the Mesozoic. Its tectonic evolution, especially how its evolution was recorded by sedimentary basins at the flanks of the Dabie orogen is one of the most important issues of the world’s attention. These years, newly studies of basin sedimentology, combined with structural geology, have shown a fundamental progress. The overall distribution of different basin types in the orogen indicates that shortening and thrusting at the margins of the orogen from the Late Triassic to the Early Cretaceous controlled the foreland basins, and extension, doming and rifting were initiated in the core of the orogen from the Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous and were expanded to the whole orogen after the Late Cretaceous. Therefore, The Dabie orogen records gradual transition from overall shortening and thrusting to dominantly extension and rift basin formation expanded from its core to its margins, although these shortening and extension overlapped in time from the Jurassic through Early Cretaceous at crustal levels. The unroofing ages of the ultra-high pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks in the Dabie orogen change from Early Jurassic to Late Jurassic westward. The depth of exhumation increases eastwards. The sediment sources for the Hefei basin are mostly composed of the deeply exhumed, axial Dabie metamorphic complex, and the sediment sources for the Middle Yangtze basin are mostly from cover strata in the southern orogen and related strata with subjacent (i.e. subsequently overthrusted) Mianlue suture belt. Geodynamic analysis represents that continental collision between the North China Block and the South China Block along the Shangdan and Mianlue sutures, subsequently northwestward progradation of the Jiangnan fold and thrust belt, and the underthrusting of the North China Block along the Northern Boundary Fault of Qinling Range led to crustal thickening, gravitational spreading and balanced rebound of the resultant thick crustal welt, and multi-episodic exhumation of the HP/UHP metamorphic rocks. The future studies by the methods of tracing the Dabie orogeny through deposition in the marginal basins should focus on eastward extension of the Mianlue suture, thrust and overlap of the Dabie HP/UHP metamorphic block on different lithotectonic zones and basins along the northern South China Block, the structural framework of the source area of the basins in the syn-depositional stage, the basin lateral extension, huge amount of erosion and sediment transportation from the Dabie blanket and basement rocks, and recovery of subducted and re- moved structural units within the Dabie orogen, etc.     

巴彦浩特盆地沉降史分析

运用回剥分析技术对巴彦浩特盆地的沉降史作了定量方面的研究，认为巴彦浩特盆地是在早古生代的古隆起基础上发育起来的，共经历了两个隆升期和三个沉降期，两个隆升期是：三叠纪—早侏罗世、晚白垩世；三个沉降期是：志留纪—二叠纪、中侏罗世—早白垩世及第三纪—第四纪．相应地形成了四种类型的盆地，即志留纪—二叠纪前陆盆地（南部坳陷带）、石炭纪—二叠纪裂陷槽（东部坳陷带及其以东地区，为贺兰裂陷槽的一部分）、中侏罗世—早白垩世断陷盆地及新生代的坳陷盆地．晚古生代时，沉降主要发生在盆地的南部坳陷带及东部坳陷带内，侏罗纪时，南部坳陷带隆起，西部坳陷带及东部坳陷带为主要沉降区，受断陷活动控制，其间为中央隆起带分隔．早白垩世盆地全面下沉，成为统一盆地     

鄂尔多斯盆地构造与耦合成矿关系思考

目的探索多种矿产耦合成矿的盆地构造动力学问题。方法综合剖析鄂尔多斯盆地构造与油、气、煤和砂岩型铀矿等多种矿产共存富集的时空配置关系。结果鄂尔多斯盆地多种矿产相互关联、共存富集于古生界和中生界的不同地质层位，促使它们耦合成矿的时代主要发生在晚侏罗-早白垩世的燕山中晚期，主体受控于中新生代多构造演化及其关键变革时期的构造转换过程。结论探索、研究鄂尔多斯盆地中新生代构造动力学演化及其叠加转换关系，有助于客观认识多种矿产共存富集可能受控的统一盆地动力学环境及其耦合成矿效应。     

班公湖—怒江成矿带西段尕尔穷铜金矿床辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

尕尔穷铜金矿床的夕卡岩矿体之下陆续发现花岗斑岩脉,该花岗斑岩与夕卡岩存在密切的成生联系.通过辉钼矿的Re-Os同位素年龄测定技术,确定其成矿年龄为86.79 Ma,成矿时代是晚白垩世,矿床形成于班公湖—怒江洋盆向南俯冲碰撞和雅鲁藏布江洋盆向北俯冲碰撞的间歇期;狮泉河结合带在晚白垩世处于同碰撞期,大量中酸性岩浆岩侵位事件...     

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘差异抬升的裂变径迹证据

目的探讨鄂尔多斯盆地西缘从南至北不同地区的差异抬升时期及抬升速率。方法利用磷灰石和锆石裂变径迹年龄的综合分析,研究盆地西缘的构造差异抬升。结果西缘北部汝箕沟地区中生代以来有两次较大的抬升时期,分别为晚白垩世和始新世,抬升速率分别为29.5 m/Ma和46.5 m/Ma。中部石沟驿地区抬升时期较早,为晚侏罗世和晚白垩世,抬升速率分别为40.0m/Ma和21.9 m/Ma。南部的差异抬升最为强烈,最早的抬升时期为晚侏罗世,在炭山地区表现明显;早白垩世末—晚白垩世南部地区发生整体抬升;中新世末期六盘山地区发生快速抬升。罗山、炭山地区相对抬升速率和后期抬升速率为46.3 m/Ma和25 m/Ma,六盘山地区则分别为22.5m/Ma和283.3 m/Ma。结论在鄂尔多斯盆地西部,最早的抬升时期为晚侏罗世,晚三叠世并没有抬升事件,故西部前陆盆地的形态始显现于晚侏罗世。西部的差异抬升导致了不同地区前陆盆地构造发展的不平衡。     

滕北煤系上覆地层的孢粉组合及其地层意义

本文根椐腾北煤田煤系上覆地层中发现的生物化石组合,进一步阐述了鲁西南地区晚侏罗世地层的存在,并首次发现了该区零星分布的老第三纪中—晚始新世官庄组沉积,为本区中、新生代地层层序的建立奠定了基础。     

Stratigraphy and paleontology of the marine Jurrassic strata in Vietnam

Marine Jurassic strata in Vietnam have yielded characteristic ammonites and occur in: (1) west Quang Binh Province located in the eastern margin of the Nam Theun Basin (the main part of which is located in Middle Laos); (2) the Nong Son Basin situated in the north of the Kon Tum Geoblock; (3) the Da Lat Basin, the largest Jurassic basin in Vietnam, extending from the southern margin of the Kon Tum Geoblock to southeast of Ho Chi Minh City. In the first two, Lower Jurassic marine beds occupy the lower part of the section and grade up into Middle Jurassic red beds. In central Da Lat Basin the section consists completely of marine strata containing many ammonite levels dated from Early Sinemurian to Bajocian, whereas the marginal basin section is like the first two areas. Based particularly on biostratigraphical evidence, a marine transgression is considered to have entered the Indochina Block as early as the Late Hettangian. During the early transgression the fauna was distinctly endemic, showing the separate character of the basins, but since the Late Sinemurian, communication between the Da Lat and other basins was established; the marine regime in Da Lat Basin ended around the Late Bathonian.     

A new interpretation of the tectonic setting and age of meta-basic volcanics in the Ondor Sum Group, Inner Mongolia

The Ondor Sum Group in the central Inner Mongolia is mainly composed of meta-basic volcanics intercalated with ferruginous quartzite and quartz schist, and has been interpreted as slices of oceanic crust or an ophiolite suite of the Early Paleozoic or much older ages. This paper presents new LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating and geochemical data for the meta-basic volcanics. The results show that zircons in the meta-basic volcanics were derived from complicated sources, most of which may be captured by basic magma from the country rocks or other sources. They yield a large age range from the Late Archean to Early Mesozoic with the youngest age group between 246 and 261 Ma, constraining the protolith of the meta-basic volcanics formed in the Late Permian to Early Triassic. The meta-basic volcanics have an affinity to E-MORB in geochemistry, and also a similarity toward OIB, representing a tectonic setting of limited intra-continental ocean basin. This limited basin might have been related to the continuous extension of the area since the Early Permian and finally closed in the Early Mesozoic.     

Eocene/Oligocene ocean de-acidification linked to Antarctic glaciation by sea-level fall

One of the most dramatic perturbations to the Earth system during the past 100 million years was the rapid onset of Antarctic glaciation near the Eocene/Oligocene epoch boundary (approximately 34 million years ago). This climate transition was accompanied by a deepening of the calcite compensation depth--the ocean depth at which the rate of calcium carbonate input from surface waters equals the rate of dissolution. Changes in the global carbon cycle, rather than changes in continental configuration, have recently been proposed as the most likely root cause of Antarctic glaciation, but the mechanism linking glaciation to the deepening of calcite compensation depth remains unclear. Here we use a global biogeochemical box model to test competing hypotheses put forward to explain the Eocene/Oligocene transition. We find that, of the candidate hypotheses, only shelf to deep sea carbonate partitioning is capable of explaining the observed changes in both carbon isotope composition and calcium carbonate accumulation at the sea floor. In our simulations, glacioeustatic sea-level fall associated with the growth of Antarctic ice sheets permanently reduces global calcium carbonate accumulation on the continental shelves, leading to an increase in pelagic burial via permanent deepening of the calcite compensation depth. At the same time, fresh limestones are exposed to erosion, thus temporarily increasing global river inputs of dissolved carbonate and increasing seawater delta13C. Our work sheds new light on the mechanisms linking glaciation and ocean acidity change across arguably the most important climate transition of the Cenozoic era.     

Stratigraphy and paleontology of the marine Jurrassic strata in Vietnam

Marine Jurassic strata in Vietnam have yielded characteristic ammonites and occur in: (1) west Quang Binh Province located in the eastern margin of the Nam Theun Basin (the main part of which is located in Middle Laos); (2) the Nong Son Basin situated in the north of the Kon Tum Geoblock; (3) the Da Lat Basin, the largest Jurassic basin in Vietnam, extending from the southern margin of the Kon Tum Geoblock to southeast of Ho Chi Minh City. In the first two, Lower Jurassic marine beds occupy the lower part of the section and grade up into Middle Jurassic red beds. In central Da Lat Basin the section consists completely of marine strata containing many ammonite levels dated from Early Sinemurian to Bajocian, whereas the marginal basin section is like the first two areas. Based particularly on biostratigraphical evidence, a marine transgression is considered to have entered the Indochina Block as early as the Late Hettangian. During the early transgression the fauna was distinctly endemic, showing the separate character of the basins, but since the Late Sinemurian, communication between the Da Lat and other basins was established; the marine regime in Da Lat Basin ended around the Late Bathonian.     

西藏南部雅鲁藏布江缝合带的沉积－构造演化

西藏南部雅鲁藏布江缝合带从晚侏罗世至今可能经历了新特提斯洋的两期俯冲作用,早期俯冲从晚侏罗世至早白垩世,以桑日群和恰布林组为代表,雅鲁藏布江古蛇绿岩在此期形成;而晚期俯冲从中白垩世至始新世,以混杂岩、雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩和日喀则为代表,拉孜－浪卡子断裂可能代表了印度大陆与亚洲大陆碰撞的实际地表位置,由此提出包括新特提斯洋两期俯冲作用在内的五个阶段的雅鲁藏布江缝合带沉积－构造演化过程。