丙烯酸丁酯与罗布麻纤维的接枝共聚及产物物理性能的研究

本文以硝酸铈铵为引发剂,研究了丙烯酸丁酯与罗布麻纤维的接枝共聚反应规律及产物的物理性能。当铈离子浓度为6.5×10~(-3)～14×10~(-3)mol/L,单体浓度为0.7×10~(-1)～1.2×lO~(-1)mol/L,氢离子浓度为7×10~(-2)～1O×10~(-2)mol/L,40℃,反应3h,可以得到较高接枝率。接枝纤维断裂伸长比纯纤维有所提高,改善了柔顺性。     

原油降凝剂乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的制备

乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯(EMA)是一种高效的原油降凝剂,为了推动EMA在原油输送中的应用,在低压下,以异丁醇为溶剂,通过溶液聚合法得到了平均相对分子质量0.6×104～2.0×104、MA链节含量10%～50%的高相对分子质量EMA.反应体系的压力、引发剂用量、丙烯酸甲酯的用量和反应温度对共聚物EMA的相对分子质量和分子结构组成的影响以及分子结构对降凝效果的影响进行了系统地研究.     

UV光引发丙烯酰胺反相微乳液聚合研究

采用光引发聚合技术，选取合适的光引发剂进行丙烯酰胺（AM）反相微乳液聚合。用UV光引发AM／水／白油／（Span80＋OP-10）体系聚合，所得聚合物粘均相对分子质量可达10^6.考察了光引发剂类型及质量分数、单体质量分数、乳化剂质量分数和聚合时间等对聚合反应的影响，得到了光引发合成聚合物的较优工艺条件。通过红外光谱法鉴定出所得聚合物为聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）。     

甲酸钠链转移法合成超低分子量聚丙烯酰胺的研究

采用含少量溶剂的水溶液聚合法合成了超低分子量聚丙烯酰胺.以乙醇为移热溶剂,甲酸钠为链转移剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂,探讨了溶剂、链转移剂、引发剂浓度对聚合物分子量的影响.在单体质量分数为40%,链转移剂浓度为0.12～1.47 mol/L,溶剂浓度为0.87～4.35 mol/L,引发剂浓度为(3.5～17.5)×10-3 mol/L的实验条件下,所获得的聚丙烯酰胺分子量范围为(1.1～8.0)×104.     

甲基丙烯酸甲酯及丙烯酸乙酯与麻类纤维接枝共聚反应规律

以硝酸铈铵为引发剂,研究了甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯分别与苧麻及亚麻纤维的非均相接枝共聚合反应规律。当[Ce~(4+)]在4.5×10~(-3)～6.5×10~(-3)mol·l~(-1)、[M]在6×10~(-1)～9×10~(-1)mol·l~(-1)、[H~+]在5×10~(-2)～8×10~(-2)mol·l~(-1),30～40℃,反应2～3小时,接枝率较高。     

亚麻与AN接枝共聚反应及产物的皂化物对汞离子的吸附性能

本文研究了以Fe~(2+)—H_2O_2为引发体系,丙稀腈与亚麻纤维的接枝共聚反应,并探讨了接枝亚麻皂化物作为离子吸附纤维对汞离子的吸附率。[Fe~(2+)]为4×10~(-3)mol/L、[H_2O_2]为4×10~(-3)mol/L、[H~+]为6×10~(-2)mol/L,在40℃反应2小时,可以得到较高接枝率。皂化后的亚麻纤维50毫克以上在适宜的pH值条件下,可以去除溶液中85％以上的汞离子     

苯乙烯原子转移自由基聚合及其嵌段共聚物合成

分别采用氯乙酸甲酯,氯乙腈,氯化苄和三氯乙酸甲酯作引发剂,氯化亚铜／２,２′－联吡啶配位化合物作催化剂,进行了苯乙烯（Ｓｔ）和甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）的原子转移自由基聚合,研究了引发剂种类对聚合速率及所得聚合物的相对分子质量及其分布的影响,并考察了各种引发剂的引发效率,实验结果表明,只有当引发剂Ｃ－Ｃｌ键断裂能低于聚合物末端Ｃ－Ｃｌ键断裂能时,才能得到较好的引发效率,聚合物的相对分子质量分布也较窄     

不同引发方式对环氧丙烷阴离子聚合的影响

以丙二醇、氢氧化钾为引发剂，引发环氧丙烷阴离子聚合，原料不同脱水方法对聚合引发效果进行了详细的分析和比较。结果表明，将丙二醇/冠醚较低温度下真空脱水，再加入KOH脱水，然后加入少量单体聚合，对聚合得到的低聚物进行高真空脱水，再以产物为引发剂，利用短链引发方式引发聚合得到的目标聚合物聚环氧丙烷，它具有相对分子质量高、相对分子质量分布窄的特点，且多分散系数可达到1.09。     

AN/VAc/SSS三元水相沉淀间歇共聚的研究

以间歇水相沉淀聚合方法对AN/VAc/SSS三元共聚进行了研究,确定了合适的聚合工艺条件,可以得到粘均相对分子质量在5.0×10~4～7.5×10~4的聚合物.改变AN/VAc/SSS的比例可以制得不同染色饱和值的高聚物,当高聚物中VAc含量在9%左右,SSS含量在0.35%时,所得腈纶的染色饱和值达到了3.0%.     

丙烯酸酯在乙醇中聚合反应的研究

以BPO为引发剂,以乙醇为溶剂,以丙烯酸、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯以及醋酸乙烯为单体合成了醇溶性聚丙烯酸酯共聚物。利用GPC对试验进行了跟踪,讨论了反应时间、温度、溶剂及引发剂用量对单体转化率和聚合物相对分子质量及其分布的影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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