高浓度硫酸盐废水厌氧生物脱硫研究

本文对高浓度硫酸盐废水厌氧生物脱硫技术进行了探讨,研究了单相上流式污泥床（UASB）反应器处理高浓度硫酸盐废水启动条件和稳定运行的全过程。利用人工配水成功启动和稳定运行的UASB反应器在硫酸盐容积负荷1.8kg.（m3.d）-1,COD容积负荷5.0kg.（m3.d）-1时相应的硫酸盐和COD去除率分别达到95%左右和35%左右。温度低于20℃或者硫化物浓度高于300mg/L时都会抑制硫酸盐还原,导致硫酸盐和COD去除率降低。温度高于20℃或者硫化物浓度低于300mg/L时,硫酸盐去除率可以保持稳定在90%以上。反应器功能微生物驯化富集成功后,可以保持稳定的硫酸盐和COD去除率,提高进水负荷对其影响不大,能短时间内提高到较高的进水负荷。合理的对反应器进行气体吹脱可以有效脱除废水中游离的H2S降低硫化物对微生物的抑制作用,从而提高硫酸盐去除率和COD去除率。     

载金硫化物焙烧--自浸出过程研究

针对传统氧化焙烧-氰化浸金工艺环境污染严重的现状,采用焙烧-自浸出工艺提取载金硫化物中的金.研究焙烧温度、焙烧时间和试样量对单质硫转化率和金浸出率的影响,通过X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜观察、能谱分析等手段分析焙烧过程中载金硫化物中硫的物相转变规律.载金硫化物中黄铁矿发生热分解反应生成单质硫和磁黄铁矿,随焙烧温度的升高和焙烧时间的延长,黄铁矿的特征衍射峰强度逐渐减小直到消失,磁黄铁矿的特征衍射峰逐渐生成并增强,原本致密状的黄铁矿颗粒变得疏松多孔.50 g试样在氮气流量1 L·min-1、焙烧温度800℃、焙烧时间60 min的条件下,单质硫的转化率达到42.53%,金浸出率达到88.70%,实现载金硫化物的高效非氰浸出.     

控制低溶解氧浓度实现生活污水短程硝化研究

以SBR工艺处理低C/N生活污水 ,研究了溶解氧浓度 (DO)对硝化过程中亚硝酸氮积累的影响 .在 2 0～ 2 5℃ ,进水氨氮为 78～ 10 8mg/L时 ,当DO <1.0mg/L ,出现亚硝酸氮的累积 .当DO在 0 .5～ 0 .7mg/L时 ,曝气时间 6h ,亚硝化率可达到 80 %以上 ,氨氮去除率在 95 %以上 .与其他 5个溶解氧浓度水平相比 ,该条件下是既达到较高亚硝化率 ,又达到较高氨氮去除率的最佳工况     

曝气充氧对一体式A/O反应器好氧段去除硫化物效果的影响研究

含硫污废水经过厌氧处理会产生硫化物,如果以H2S的形式溢出,会与大气中的臭氧发生氧化反应形成酸雨,污染大气环境。为了降低污废水中的硫化物,本文在一体式A/O反应器好氧段进行曝气充氧去除硫化物试验,研究不同曝气量QAIR(1 m3/h、2m3/h、3m3/h)对污水中硫化物去除效果的影响,并考察硫化物的氧化效果。试验结果表明:硫化物去除率随着曝气量的增加而增大,硫化物的氧化效果随着曝气量的增加先增大后减小。在最佳曝气量2m3/h时,硫化物平均去除率为86%,硫酸盐平均生成率为32.7%,单质硫平均生成率为46.8%。     

MBBR处理模拟城市污水的工艺条件

通过对移动床生物膜反应器处理模拟城市污水的试验研究,探讨了水力停留时间、进水浓度和容积负荷对反应器处理性能和效果的影响,进行了污泥产率和氮平衡的计算,并观察了反应器中的微生物相.试验结果表明:当进水CODCr为200～550mg L、水力停留时间为4h时,CODCr去除率达85%以上;即使在进水有机负荷和NH3 N负荷分别为5.63kg (m3·d)和0.47kg (m3·d)的情况下,NH3 N和TN的去除率也接近40%.     

用硫化氢气体分解硫化钠阳极电解液的热力学分析

直接电解硫化氢碱性溶液(通常用Na2S溶液表示)产生单质硫和氢气的关键问题是单质硫在阳极表面上沉积而导致的阳极钝化. 用硫化氢气体分解Na2S的阳极电解液可以很好地解决这一问题,并对这一方法进行了热力学分析.对简化S-H2O 系的电势-pH图的分析表明,多硫化物Sx2-在碱性溶液中稳定,且随着体系中溶解态物质的总硫浓度T(s)的增加,高级多硫化物的优势区增大.当Na2S阳极电解液与硫化氢气体反应时,固相硫稳定存在于pH较低和H2S 分压较小的环境中.分析表明,当H2S 分压为1atm,溶液pH值小于8时,大多数多硫化物分解为单质硫S、S2-, HS-或H2S(aq.).分析结果对电解产生多硫化物以及用H2S气体分解多硫化物的实际过程具有重要指导意义.图6,表1,参10.     

大蒜切片废水处理的组合工艺实验研究

研究填料厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)—活性污泥—水生植物的组合工艺处理大蒜切片加工废水的运行特点.结果表明:填料ABR单元的最佳HRT为20 h,有机负荷小于COD 7.8 kg/(m3.d)为宜,在此工况下,COD的平均去除率可达92.5%;活性污泥法单元的最佳HRT为12 h,进水有机负荷宜保持在COD 0.8~1.2 kg/(m3.d)之间,在此工况下,COD的平均去除率为81.0%;水生植物单元的最佳HRT为3.5 d,在此最佳HRT下,COD的去除率为42.6%.该组合工艺COD总去除率保持在99.37%~99.42%之间,出水的COD浓度为38~41 mg/L,出水水质能稳定达到国家一级A排放标准.     

硫自养反硝化反应器脱氮特性研究

以硫自养反硝化反应器脱氮为研究体系,对其反硝化特性进行研究。结果表明,反应器完成挂膜后,15天可完成对反应器内硫自养菌的驯化,相比于其他的硫自养反硝化反应器,所用时间较短,进水pH值为8,t(HRT)为4.3h,进水硝酸盐质量浓度为70 mg/L时,脱氮率可稳定在90%以上,反硝化速率达18.5mg/(L·h)(以N元素计);反应器上、中、下部均有脱氮硫杆菌,且中、下部较多。反应器的最佳进水硝酸盐质量浓度为50mg/L,最适温度为30~35℃,最佳进水pH值为7~8,硝酸盐去除率可达90%以上。     

UASB反应器处理垃圾渗滤液的启动研究

垃圾渗滤液为难处理的高浓度有机废水,上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)工艺被证明是处理该类废水的有效手段。为此,以一系列不同渗滤液浓度的模拟废水作为进水,对逐步启动UASB反应器进行了动态小试,得出了UASB工艺处理垃圾渗滤液的较快速启动方法。结果显示:接种普通厌氧污泥,逐步增加反应器负荷,经过95 d的运行,完成启动。此时进水COD质量浓度为5 250 mg/L,COD去除率为85%,容积COD负荷达8.4 kg/(m3.d),容积产气率为5.0 m3/(m3.d),反应器底部形成少量颗粒污泥。     

MBBR反应器处理制革废水的氨氮去除机理

通过移动床生物膜反应器试验装置,研究该工艺对综合制革废水中氨氮的处理效果及去除机理。试验结果表明：氨氮去除率随填着填料填充率增加而降低。当填料填充率为40%,填井表面氨氮承受负荷为0．1—0．8g/（m^2·d）时,氨氮去除率为85％-95％,出水氨氮浓度为35～75mg／l。单靠降低负荷已无法进一步改善出水水质,但通过补充进水碱度、降低进水碳氮比、提高水温等一系列措施,可使反应器出水氨氮由降低至9-14mg／l.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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