老年甲状腺功能亢进性心脏病临床分析

目的探讨老年甲状腺功能亢进心脏病的特点及诊断.方法对19例老年甲状腺功能亢进性心脏病的临床资料进行分析.结果所有病例甲亢症状表现不明显,而且表现为原因不明的心律失常、心功能衰竭等.结论对老年病人出现不明的心律失常、心功能衰竭等表现时,应考虑到老年甲状腺功能亢进性心脏病的可能,从而提高治疗效果.     

老年甲状腺功能亢进性心脏病临床分析

目的探讨老年甲状腺功能亢进心脏病的特点及诊断。方法对19例老年甲状腺功能亢进性心脏病的临床资料进行分析。结果所有病例甲亢症状表现不明显,而且表现为原因不明的心律失常、心功能衰竭等。结论对老年病人出现不明的心律失常、心功能衰竭等表现时,应考虑到老年甲状腺功能亢进性心脏病的可能,从而提高治疗效果.     

Sensory experience modifies the short-term dynamics of neocortical synapses.

Many representations of sensory stimuli in the neocortex are arranged as topographic maps. These cortical maps are not fixed, but show experience-dependent plasticity. For instance, sensory deprivation causes the cortical area representing the deprived sensory input to shrink, and neighbouring spared representations to enlarge, in somatosensory, auditory or visual cortex. In adolescent and adult animals, changes in cortical maps are most noticeable in the supragranular layers at the junction of deprived and spared cortex. However, the cellular mechanisms of this experience-dependent plasticity are unclear. Long-term potentiation and depression have been implicated, but have not been proven to be necessary or sufficient for cortical map reorganization. Short-term synaptic dynamics have not been considered. We developed a brain slice preparation involving rat whisker barrel cortex in vitro. Here we report that sensory deprivation alters short-term synaptic dynamics in both vertical and horizontal excitatory pathways within the supragranular cortex. Moreover, modifications of horizontal pathways amplify changes in the vertical inputs. Our findings help to explain the functional cortical reorganization that follows persistent changes of sensory experience.     

Developmental and activity-dependent regulation of kainate receptors at thalamocortical synapses.

Most of the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the mammalian brain is mediated by ionotrophic glutamate receptors, of which there are three subtypes: AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate), NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) and kainate. Although kainate-receptor subunits (GluR5-7, KA1 and 2) are widely expressed in the mammalian central nervous system, little is known about their function. The development of pharmacological agents that distinguish between AMPA and kainate receptors has now allowed the functions of kainate receptors to be investigated. The modulation of synaptic transmission by kainate receptors and their synaptic activation in a variety of brain regions have been reported. The expression of kainate receptor subunits is developmentally regulated but their role in plasticity and development is unknown. Here we show that developing thalamocortical synapses express postsynaptic kainate receptors as well as AMPA receptors; however, the two receptor subtypes do not colocalize. During the critical period for experience-dependent plasticity, the kainate-receptor contribution to transmission decreases; a similar decrease occurs when long-term potentiation is induced in vitro. This indicates that during development there is activity-dependent regulation of the expression of kainate receptors at thalamocortical synapses.     

杨树人工林萌芽更新初报

通过方差分析杨树人工林更新的六种方法 ,得出桩萌单株的树高超出根萌双株 1 .80 m,超出根萌三株 1 .0 8m.比常规植苗造林每株节省投资 6.1元 .根萌单株比根萌三株胸径超出1 .42 cm,比根萌双株超出 1 .67cm,形成极显著差异 .植苗造林比根萌双株胸径超出 1 .56cm,比根萌三株超出 1 .2 1 cm,但投资比根萌每株多投入 3.6元 .而以根萌三株的蓄积为最大 ,超出根萌单株、双株分别为 1 0 0× 1 0 - 4m3和 70× 1 0 - 4m3形成显著差异 .     

Form and function of cat retinal ganglion cells.

Recent explorations of the morphology of retinal neurones, combined with neurophysiological recordings have made it possible to link specific anatomical types with particular physiological classes. At the same time, the relatively complete anatomical mapping of the retina has revealed some bias in the sampling of neurones by electrophysiological techniques.     

Possible regulatory function of acetylcholine receptor in maintenance of retinotectal synapses.

alpha-Neurotoxins bind to cholinergic receptor, block transmission, and induce sprouting of retinal terminals in the toad tectum. New connections retain an orderliness that suggests a selective affinity between presynaptic terminals. The results suggest that postsynaptic cells exert a control, associated with receptors, on the growth of presynaptic terminals and on the maintenance of their synaptic connections.     

异常点检测后的偏最小二乘回归模型

偏最小二乘回归是通过一组自变量来预测一个或一组因变量的统计方法。但在很多情况下用于建模的样本点由于种种原因会出现一些异常情况,这些异常点和其他样本点之间都存在着很大的偏差。异常点的存在对所建立的模型和真实模型就有很大的偏差。基于这一问题本文通过构造统计量对所给的样本点进行选择,剔除对模型的构造有很大影响力的样本异常点,从而获得一个相对合理的样本空间。在相对合理的样本空间中采用偏最小二乘回归建立模型。运用MATLAB编程,通过一个实例说明在对于异常点剔除后的样本空间中建立模型的精确程度有了很大的提高。     

Interaction of anaesthetics with electrical synapses

Studies of the interaction of anaesthetics with various preparations, from whole animals to organic solvents, have been continuing since Overton and Meyer found a correlation between anaesthetic potency and solubility in olive oil. Although the physiological basis of anaesthesia is far from clear, one popular hypothesis is that anaesthetics act primarily by interfering with the normal functioning of chemical synapses. This hypothesis is supported by experiments showing that these synapses are more sensitive to both local and general anaesthetics than are axons. The effects of anaesthetics on electrical synapses (gap-junctions or nexus) have not previously been studied. These ubiquitous structures, presumably responsible for cell-to-cell communication, are found in most vertebrate and invertebrate tissues. We report here the effects of several anaesthetics on electronic coupling between nerve cells, and show that electrical synapses are less sensitive to most anaesthetics than are chemical synapses and axonal membranes.