自然侵染白肋烟的黄瓜花叶病毒的鉴定

根据１９９５ ～１９９６ 田间调查表明,ＣＭＶ 是侵染白肋烟的主要病毒之一。采集到一种（ 命名为ＣＭＶ－ ＴＢ） 引起烟株花叶、植株矮化的样品,摩擦接种能侵染７ 科２９ 种植物。ＣＭＶ－ ＴＢ 引起苋色藜局部枯死斑。ＣＭＶ－ ＴＢ 体外稳定性状：体外保毒期２ 天;稀释限点１０ － １ ;致死温度５０ － ５５ ℃。电镜观察ＣＭＶ－ ＴＢ 为球状颗粒,直径３０ｎｍ 。ＳＤＳ聚丙酰胺电泳测其分子量２８ ８００Ｄ。ＣＭＶ－ ＴＢ 和ＣＭＶ－ ＣＡ（ 花生株系） 抗血清起强阳性反应,与同一病毒组的花生矮化病毒（ＰＳＶ） 抗血清起阴性反应。基于以上性质,ＣＭＶ－ ＴＢ 经鉴定属于黄瓜花叶病毒。本研究为侵染白肋烟的ＣＭＶ 国内首次详细报道。通过应用生物学（ 寄主反应和温度敏感性） 实验与ＣＭＶ－ Ｓ、ＣＭＶ－ Ｄ 对比,参试的分离物在３２ ℃下引起昆诺藜（ Ｃ．ｑｉｎｏａ） 、豇豆（Ｖ．ｓｉｅｓｉｓ） 产生局部枯斑并且与ＣＭＶ－ Ｄ 抗血清产生比ＣＭＶ－ Ｓ抗血清更强的特异性血清学反应。以上实验证明,ＣＭＶ－ ＴＢ 中国分离物与ＣＭＶ－ Ｄ 性质相同,属于ＣＭＶ 亚组Ｉ,而与ＣＭＶ 亚组ＩＩ有明显差异。依据在一组寄主植物上的反应,对参试的ＣＭＶ－ ＴＢ 进行了株系划分     

云南省野生恒河猴病毒血清流行病学研究

对云南省野生恒河猴作了Ｂ病毒（ＢＶ）、猴爱滋病毒（ＳＩＶ）、猴Ｔ细胞白血病毒（ＳＴＬＶ）、猴Ｄ型逆转录病毒（ＳＲＶ）、轮状病毒（ＳＡｌ）、腺病毒（ＳＡＶ）、痘病毒（Ｍｏｎｋｅｙｐｏｘ）、麻疹病毒（Ｍｅａｓｌｅｓ）、柯赛基病毒Ｂ－１型（ＣｏｘｓａｃｋｉｅＢ１）和人巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）等１０种病毒血清抗体及乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）检测,结果表明,云南省野生恒河猴中,抗体阳性率较高的有ＳＡ１１（９０％）,ＳＡＶ（８３１％）,ＢＶ（４４６％）和Ｍｏｎｋｅｙｐｏｘｖｉｒｕｓ（２０６％）;３种逆转录病毒的抗体阳性率分别为ＳＴＬＶ－１（８８％）,ＳＲＶ（４７％）,ＳＩＶ（２２％）;未发现Ｍｅａｓｌｅｓ,和ＣｏｘｓａｃｋｉｅＢ－１病毒血清抗体及ＨＢＶ感染,但在１只动物血清中有ＨＣＭＶ抗体．病毒抗体阳性率与动物的年龄有关,成年猴明显高于未成年猴．对来自思茅地区、临沧地区和文山州动物的调查表明,Ｂ病毒相关抗体和逆转录病毒抗体阳性率有地区差异,思茅地区的野生恒河猴,抗体阳性率较高．     

玉米矮花叶病毒原的生物学鉴定

对我国西北的玉米矮花叶病毒Ｂ株系（ｍａｉｚｅ ｄｗａｒｆ ｍｏｓａｉｃ ｖｉｒｕｓ－Ｂ,ＭＤＭＶ－Ｂ）进行了系统的鉴定。ＭＤＭＶ－Ｂ侵染玉米（Ｚｅａ ｍａｙｓ）、高粱（Ｓｏｒｇｈｕｍ ｖｕｌｇａｒｅ）和狗尾草（Ｓｅｔａｒｉａ ｖｉｒｉｄｉｓ）等禾 本科杂草,但不侵染普通烟（Ｎｉｃｏｔｉａｎａ ｔａｂａｃｕｍ）、心叶烟（Ｎｉｃｏｔｉａｎａ ｇｌｕｔｉｎｏｓ）、苋色藜（Ｃｈｅｎｏｐｏｄｉｕｍ ａｍａｒ     

CL—KR与与K—WM性质

本文首先引入了Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间Ｘ的Ｋ－ＷＭ性质，它是Ｂ．Ｂ．Ｐａｎｄａ和Ｏ．Ｐ．Ｋａｐｏｏｒ在［１］中引入的ＷＭ性质的推广。然后证明了：若Ｘ是ＣＬ－ＫＲ的，则Ｓ有（Ｓ）性质；若Ｘ有Ｋ－ＷＭ性质，Ｘ有（Ｓ）性质，则Ｘ是ＣＬ－ＫＲ的；若Ｘ是ＣＬ－ＫＲ的，Ｍ是Ｘ的自反子空间，则Ｘ／Ｍ是ＣＬ－ＫＲ的；若Ｘ有Ｋ－ＷＭ性质，Ｍ是Ｘ的处反子空间，则Ｘ／Ｍ有Ｋ－ＷＭ性质。此外，本文还指出：（Ｓ）性质和ＣＬ－ＫＲ不     

PVC／NBR／SBS三元共混物的形态结构与性能

本文通过冲击试验、动态力学分析（ＭＭＡ）、透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）和扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）观察，研究了聚氯乙烯／丁腈橡胶／苯乙烯。丁二烯。苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（ＰＶＣ／ＮＢＲ／ＳＢＳ）三元共混物的形态结构和性能，并且讨论了两者之间的关系。ＮＢＲ－２９对ＰＶＣ和ＳＢＳ有较好的增容作用，与ＳＢＳ一起对ＰＶＣ有协同增韧效应。     

CL－KR与K－WM性质

本文首先引入了Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间Ｘ的Ｋ－ＷＭ性质，它是Ｂ．Ｂ．Ｐａｎｄａ和Ｏ．Ｐ．Ｋａｐｏｏｒ在［１］中引入的ＷＭ性质的推广。然后证明了：若Ｘ是ＣＬ－ＫＲ的，则Ｓ有（Ｓ）性质；若Ｘ有Ｋ－ＷＭ性质，Ｘ有（Ｓ）性质，则Ｘ是ＣＬ－ＫＲ的；若Ｘ是ＣＬ－ＫＲ的，Ｍ是Ｘ的自反子空间，则Ｘ／Ｍ是ＣＬ－ＫＲ的；若Ｘ有Ｋ－ＷＭ性质，Ｍ是ｘ的自反子空间，则Ｘ／Ｍ有Ｋ－ＷＭ性质。此外，本文还指出：（Ｓ）性质和ＣＬ－ＫＲ不具有对偶性质。     

非晶态合金的自旋波激发与结构涨落及超精细场分布

本文研究了非晶态（ａ）－Ｆｅ－ＴＭ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ（ＴＭ＝Ｃｏ，Ｓｉ，Ｍｏ，Ｎｂ）合金从１．５Ｋ到３００Ｋ的磁化强度及室温穆斯堡尔谱，得到了成里温度Ｔｃ、饱和磁化强度σｓ（０）、自旋波颈度常数Ｄ及平均超精细场等。结果表明，（ａ）对于Ｆｅ８３Ｓｉ５Ｂ１２，当Ｎｂ，Ｍｏ与Ｓｉ，Ｃｏ取代Ｆｅ后，Ｆｅ－（Ｎｂ，Ｍｏ）－Ｓｉ－Ｂ的磁性质不同于Ｆｅ－（Ｓｉ，Ｃｏ）－Ｓｉ－Ｂ；（ｂ）ａ－Ｆｅ－（Ｍｏ，Ｎｂ，Ｃｒ，Ｗ，     

1，1′─［四甲基二硅撑］双（环戊二烯基三羰基钨配合物）的合成及反应

１，２－二环戊二烯基四甲基二硅烷与丁基锂作用生成［四甲基二硅撑］双（环戊二烯基负离子盐），后者随即与六羰基钨反应形成１，１－［四甲基二硅撑］双［环戊二烯基三羰基钨负离子盐］，（Ｍｅ２ＳｉＳｉＭｅ２）·［Ｃｐ′（ＣＯ）３Ｗ－］２·２Ｌｉ＋（Ｉ）．（Ｉ）分别与六种卤化物反应，生成在钨原子上引入取代基的产物：（Ｍｅ２ＳｉＳｉＭｅ２）．［Ｃｐ′Ｗ（ＣＯ）３Ｒ］２，（Ｒ：Ｍｅ，Ｃ２Ｈ５，２；ＰｈＣＨ２，３；ＣＨ２ＣＯＯＣ２Ｈ５，４；ＣＨ３ＣＯ，５；Ｐ３ｈＳｎ，６）．（Ｉ）用醋酸处理后，随即分别与ＣＣｌ４，ＮＢＳ及Ｉ２作用，生成相应的钨卤化物，（Ｍｅ２ＳｉＳｉＭｅ２）［Ｃｐ′Ｗ（ＣＯ）３Ｘ］２，（Ｘ：Ｃ１，８；Ｂｒ，９；Ｉ，１０），（Ｉ）与Ｆｅ３＋／Ｈ３Ｏ＋作用发生氧化偶联，生成双核Ｗ－Ｗ键产物（Ｍｅ２ＳｉＳｉＭｅ２）［Ｃｐ′Ｗ（ＣＯ）３］２，１１．（Ｃｐ′＝Ｃ５Ｈ４）     

MAGNETIC RELAXATION AT EARLY TIMES AND FLUX DIFFUSION BARRIER V（J，B，T） FOR Ti－1223 DOPED WITH Pb AND Ba BY COMPLEX AC SUSCEPTIBILITY MEASUREMENTS

ＭＡＧＮＥＴＩＣＲＥＬＡＸＡＴＩＯＮＡＴＥＡＲＬＹＴＩＭＥＳＡＮＤＦＬＵＸＤＩＦＦＵＳＩＯＮＢＡＲＲＩＥＲＶ（Ｊ，Ｂ，Ｔ）ＦＯＲＴｉ－１２２３ＤＯＰＥＤＷＩＴＨＰｂＡＮＤＢａＢＹＣＯＭＰＬＥＸＡＣＳＵＳＣＥＰＴＩＢＩＬＩＴＹＭＥＡＳＵＲＥＭＥＮＴＳＤ...     

维生素E及其与维生素C,维生素B2联用对小鼠抗 …

研究了维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）及其与维生素Ｃ（ＶＣ）,维生素Ｂ２（ＶＢ２）联用对小鼠机体抗氧化机能的影响。结果表明,对小鼠单独饲喂ＶＣ或ＶＥ,ＶＣ,ＶＢ２联合饲喂,均能显著提高小鼠心、肝组织超氧化歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的活性作用;单独饲喂ＶＥ,ＶＣ或ＶＥ,ＶＣ,ＶＢ２联合饲喂,其肝脏丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量均低于对照组,差异非常显著,肝脏ＳＯＤ／ＭＤＡ和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ／ＭＤＡ比值升高;单独饲喂ＶＣ组ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ／ＭＤ     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-