西藏南部雅鲁藏布江缝合带的沉积－构造演化

西藏南部雅鲁藏布江缝合带从晚侏罗世至今可能经历了新特提斯洋的两期俯冲作用,早期俯冲从晚侏罗世至早白垩世,以桑日群和恰布林组为代表,雅鲁藏布江古蛇绿岩在此期形成;而晚期俯冲从中白垩世至始新世,以混杂岩、雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩和日喀则为代表,拉孜－浪卡子断裂可能代表了印度大陆与亚洲大陆碰撞的实际地表位置,由此提出包括新特提斯洋两期俯冲作用在内的五个阶段的雅鲁藏布江缝合带沉积－构造演化过程。     

Evidences of rapid erosion driven by climate in the Yarlung Zangbo （Tsangpo） Great Canyon, the eastern Himalayan syntaxis

Climate and tectonism are both particularly intense in the Yarlung Zangbo (Tsangpo) Great Canyon in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis,which is characterized by the most rapid landscape evolution of anywhere in the world.Thus,the eastern Himalayan syntaxis is one of the best locations to study the interactions between climate and tectonics.This paper investigates the cooling ages of the Doxong La-Baibung profile using apatite fission track (AFT) dating on 11 bedrock samples at elevations ranging from 4210 to 710 m.There are topographic,climatic,metamorphic,and thermochronological gradients in the profile,providing good conditions to study interactions between climate and tectonics.AFT ages ranged from 4.6±0.6 Ma to 1.7±0.3 Ma,and the mean fission track lengths ranged from 11.0 to 12.4 μm.It was found that the cooling rates revealed by AFT ages increased with decreasing elevation.However,the tendency of the cooling rates revealed by the 40 Ar-39 Ar ages was different from that indicated by the AFT ages.Moreover,for most districts of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis,the compiled AFT age distribution correlates well with the annual average precipitation,indicating the coupling of the cooling and erosion rates of the near-surface rock and precipitation.The geothermal history modeling results indicate an obvious increase in the cooling and erosion rate between 1.0 and 0.5 Ma.This age is consistent with other research findings for this time,when the vapor channel of the Yarlung Zangbo Great Canyon began to take effect.These evidences suggest that climate,especially precipitation,has acting as a key factor influencing the rapid cooling and erosion in the Yarlung Zangbo Great Canyon since 1-0.5 Ma.     

西藏朗县蛇绿混杂岩中变辉绿岩和变玄武岩的年代学和地球化学

对西藏雅鲁藏布缝合带东段朗县混杂岩中的辉绿岩和玄武岩进行了岩石学、地球化学和SHRIMP锆石年代学研究.在早侏罗世(大约191 Ma B.P.)和侏罗纪最晚期到白垩纪最早期(大约146～148 Ma B.P.)分别有2幕岩浆活动;侵入于191.4±3.7 MaB.P.的变辉绿岩,是迄今为止在雅鲁藏布蛇绿混杂岩带发现的最...     

Determination of palaeotemperature and palaeogeothermal gradient in Qinshui basin

Based on the analysis of the data obtained by various palaeotemperature methods, the palaeotemper ature and palaeogeothermal gradient in the well Qincan No. 1 of Qinshui basin were determined. Both the palaeogeother mal gradient (47.3－61.0℃/km) and palaeoheat flow (82－106 mW/m2) were much higher than those measured for present. Determination of high palaeogeothermsl gradient and heat flow show that there was a tectonic-thermal event in Qinshui basin that occurred during the time from Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous.     

用核裂变径迹法和热释光法研究瘦狗岭断裂活动年代

用核裂变径迹法和热释光法测定广州市郊瘦狗岭的断裂活动年代．结果表明：广州瘦狗岭断裂在中新代是处在较大规模较强烈的活动时期，而在第四纪早更新世及中更新世仍发生过较强烈的活动．最新的断裂活动是在４３×１０４ａ前．两种方法的数据可以互相印证     

拉萨河流域不同汇流方式的TOPMODEL应用比较研究

应用结合单位线和线性水库汇流改进的TOPMODEL,对拉萨河流域进行水文模拟,并与原TOPMODEL模拟结果进行对比.结果表明,两者都取得了较好的模拟效果,但改进的模型模拟基流更稳定和合理.应用两模型评估拉萨河流域降雨空间差异性对流域径流的影响,改进的模型模拟结果相对稳定.     

鲁西隆起蒙山晚白垩世-新生代抬升的裂变径迹证据

 研究晚白垩世以来蒙山的抬升对全面认识鲁西隆起区的构造演化具有重要的意义。对采自蒙山山脉的6个岩石样品进行了磷灰石/锆石裂变径迹测年及热历史模拟分析。分析结果表明蒙山自晚白垩世开始快速抬升,经历了70~43 Ma和32~20 Ma两个快速抬升阶段,并且蒙山的抬升表现出加速抬升的特征。晚白垩世以来蒙山的快速抬升与其毗邻的泰山有着较好的对应关系,蒙山的整体抬升略早于泰山,并且鲁西隆起的抬升表现出由南向北的抬升序列。蒙山的两期快速抬升事件很好地对应了济阳坳陷在这两个时期经历的构造沉降和区域隆升过程,表明新生代蒙山的快速抬升与济阳坳陷的构造演化有着良好的隆拗耦合关系。     

裂变径迹定年资料应用中的问题及其地质意义

裂变径迹定年与其他大多数放射性定年法不同,它测量的是放射性衰变对矿物晶体的物理损伤,而不是另一种同位素。外探测器裂变径迹定年分析中,可以获得每一个颗粒径迹年龄。样品裂变径迹年龄表述有组合年龄、平均年龄和中值年龄,不论哪种年龄都不具有简单的地质意义。封闭径迹长度及分布记录了岩石经历的最高古地温及热历史过程,是裂变径迹分析中最重要的参数。利用裂变径迹参数,可进行热史模拟,以重建样品的热历史。     

南天山新生代隆升和去顶作用过程

利用磷灰石裂变径迹技术并结合库车坳陷的沉积和变形特征，对南天山的隆升和去顶作用过程进行详细的研究。南天山在中新世早期就开始了现代天山形成的隆升事件，根据样品的磷灰石裂变径迹结果，其隆升年龄为17～25Ma；而且此隆升事件是一快速隆升事件，隆升速率达到138．8～198．8m/Ma。中新世南天山隆升的南部边界并不是前人所认为的北部古生代地层和南部中新生代地层之间的冲断层，而是在南部的中新生代地层中。在库车坳陷的阳霞地区，隆升的界线位于吐格尔明背斜核部的韧性剪切带。通过库车坳陷的新生代沉积和变形特征的分析，提出了天山中新世以来的隆升与库车坳陷的沉积和变形特征存在很好的耦合关系。     

Fission track age of granite batholith from Southern Tibet:implications for the plateau uplift

Fission track (FT) ages of apatite and zircon from four granite batholiths from Lhasa and Shannan areas are measured.The FT ages of apatite range from 3.2±8.3 Ma, corresponding to the uplift rates of 0.12±0.20 mm·a~(-1) during this period. The upliftheight is 580m, showing that there is not large-scale rapid uplifting in southern Tibet from 3.2 to 8.3 Ma. The zircon FT ages of Lhasabatholith are 25.9±1.7 and 32.7±2.8 Ma, yielding an uplift rate of 0.08 mm·a~(-1) between 26 and 33 Ma. Combining this work withother studies, it is suggested that the average uplift rate in southern Tibet is low from the time of collision between India and Asian conti-nents to ～3Ma. The uplift of Tibetan Plateau seems to have finished in multi-stage processes with varied rates.     

拉萨河流域不同汇流方式的TOPMODEL应用比较研究

应用结合单位线和线性水库汇流改进的TOPMODEI,,对拉萨河流域进行水文模拟,并与原TOPM0lDEL模拟结果进行对比.结果表明,两者都取得了较好的模拟效果,但改进的模型模拟基流更稳定和合理.应用两模型评估拉萨河流域降雨空间差异性对流域径流的影响,改进的模型模拟结果相对稳定.     

攀西地区早白垩世以来地壳抬升运动的裂变径迹年龄研究

通过对扬于板块西缘攀枝花一西昌地区麻粒岩中锆石和磷灰石的裂变径迹(FT)年龄测定，首次研究和报道了该区中一新生代地壳的低温热历史和抬升运动过程，分析显示，锆石FT年龄为143．8—68．4Ma；磷灰石FT年龄为24．1—12．8Ma．磷灰石FT平均长度的变化范围在10．54—13．20μm．研究表明，攀西地区从早白垩世到白垩纪末期地壳抬升是十分缓慢的，抬升速率仅为46—51m/Ma；但从第三纪开始地壳抬升运动明显加快，抬升速率达208-391m/Ma．这可能是印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞效应．