中药喘可治注射液对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的影响

目的:研究中药喘可治注射液(CKZ)对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞凋亡、一氧化氮(NO)释放和细胞因子分泌的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法:无菌分离小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,制备单细胞悬液,加入CKZ(终体积分数20 μL/mL)孵育4 h后, 加入过氧化氢(H2O2)、放线菌酮(CHX)、环磷酰胺(CTX)诱导细胞凋亡,荧光酶标仪结合Sytox Green染色检测细胞凋亡;加药孵育4 h后,加入细菌脂多糖(LPS,终质量浓度10 μg/mL)和IFN-γ(终质量浓度80 ng/mL),24h后Grass试剂盒检测巨噬细胞NO的量;加药孵育4 h后,加入LPS(终质量浓度10 μg/mL)和IFN-γ(终质量浓度80 ng/mL),24h后流式细胞仪结合Cytometric Bead Array(CBA)技术检测细胞因子的释放.结果:CKZ能抑制H2O2、CHX、CTX诱导的细胞凋亡;促进非刺激状态下巨噬细胞NO和IL-6、IL-10、MCP-1、IFN-γ、TNF-α 5种细胞因子的产生, 抑制LPS和IFN-γ刺激的NO和IL-6、IL-10、MCP-1、IFN-γ、TNF-α5种细胞因子的产生.结论:CKZ可抑制巨噬细胞凋亡,并对巨噬细胞NO的分泌和IL-6、IL-10、MCP-1、IFN-γ、TNF-α5种细胞因子的生成具有双向调节作用.     

低温条件下高山离子芥SA的产生及NO对SA质量分数的影响

研究了高山离子芥在低温条件下SA的产生及NO对SA质量分数的影响．结果表明：低温胁迫下，高山离子芥悬浮细胞内源SA质量分数逐渐增强，随着温度的降低，SA质量分数逐渐增强．在0°C处理下，8h达到最高（2．14μg／g），4°C处理下，24h达到最高（1．6027μg／g）；随着温度的降低，高山离子芥悬浮细胞内NO质量分数明显增强．在NO促进剂SNP、NO合酶（NOS）抑制剂LNNA、NO专一性猝灭剂PTIO及硝酸还原酶（NR）抑制剂NaN3处理下，研究高山离子芥NO及内源SA质量分数的变化．结果表明：SNP诱发了高山离子芥悬浮细胞内NO及SA的合成积累，LNNA，PTIO抑制了细胞中NO及SA的合成积累，NaN3对SA影响效果不明显，对NO影响效果显著．每个处理下的高山离子芥在低温条件下的内源SA质量分数均高于常温（20℃）水平，且差异显著（P〈0．05）．SNP与LNNA，PTIO，NaN3复合处理中，LNNA与PTIO对SA的抑制作用被消除．     

MRTF-A参与一氧化氮诱导的乳腺癌迁移相关基因表达

为研究NO对乳腺癌细胞迁移能力的影响及其分子机制,本研究首先用梯度浓度NO供体SNP处理乳腺癌细胞MCF-7,MTT法检测细胞活性,发现高浓度SNP抑制细胞增殖;PI-AnnexinV和Hoechst细胞核染色检测结果显示,高浓度NO促进细胞凋亡.用低浓度SNP处理细胞,划痕愈合及小室迁移实验结果显示,低浓度SNP促进细胞迁移;RT-qPCR和Westernblot结果显示,低浓度SNP上调转录调控辅因子MRTF-A及其下游的迁移相关基因MYL9、MYH9和CYR61的表达.在MCF-7细胞敲低NOS2基因同样导致MRTF-A、MYL9、MYH9及CYR61表达下降;敲低MRTF-A则SNP不再促进上述迁移相关基因的表达.以上实验结果提示:NO的肿瘤生物学效应与NO浓度密切相关,细胞内源性或外源性低浓度NO可能通过刺激迁移相关基因表达而促进乳腺癌细胞转移,而MRTF-A参与了NO诱导的迁移相关基因表达.     

中国人体棘阿米巴角膜炎分离株的形态特征和分类鉴定

国内首次发现的两例人体棘阿米巴角膜炎样品在作者所在实验室进行了形态学特征分析和致病性实验。这两个分离株（Ｌ和Ｗ）的形态特征极基相似，滋养体平均长度为２．５μｍ，平均宽度为２１．０μｍ，包囊的平均直径为１３．６０μｍ，外囊贴近内囊，内囊呈多边形，但趋近圆形，内九为５－７；蛋白银染色显示不存在网状结构。两虫株对小鼠均和病力。根据以上特征；作者将这两个中国人体致病性虫株初步鉴定为棘阿米巴在群２中的Ａｃａ     

NO对新生大鼠心肌细胞PKC活性的影响

利用培养新生大鼠心肌细胞，检测NO前体L-精氨酸(L-arginine,L-Arg)和NO供体硝普钠(sodium nitroprusside,SNP)对PKC活性的影响，并探讨内、外源性NO在PKC激动剂佛波指(phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate,PMA)激活PKC中的作用.实验结果表明：培养基中加入L-Arg，PKC活性呈剂量依赖性降低；用L-Arg进行预处理，30 min后加入PMA，PKC活性明显降低，与单纯PMA组相比有显著差异；NOS抑制剂L-NAME本身对基础状态PKC活性无明显影响，但可阻断L-Arg对上述2个效应的影响；培养液中加入NO供体SNP，PKC活性呈剂量依赖性降低；用SNP预处理心肌细胞，5 min后加入PMA，PKC活性与单纯PMA组相比有显著性差异.以上结果表明，内、外源性NO均具有剂量依赖性抑制PKC活性的作用，PKC可能是NO对心肌细胞作用的胞内信号传导通路的关键部位或重要信号分子之一；L-Arg通过NOS先生成NO，NO再对PKC起抑制作用.     

No介导的不同光信号对玉米胚芽鞘生长的影响

在不同光信号下,用NO供体（SNP）、ROS清除剂（NAC）、氮合酶（NOS）专一抑制剂（LNNA）处理露白的玉米种子,探讨玉米胚芽鞘生长与NO信号分子间的关系．结果表明：胚芽鞘中存在类NOS活性,并受外源NO和ROS的反馈抑制;尽管外源NO对胚芽鞘的生长有一定的促进作用,但与类NOS活性共同消长的内源NO明显地阻抑胚芽鞘生长．由于黑暗是胚芽鞘适宜的生长环境,所以与黑暗相比较,增强UV-B辐射抑制类NOS活性和内源NO的产生,促进胚芽鞘的生长;正常光周期激活类NOS活性和内源NO的产生,减少胚芽鞘的生长．SNP,NAC和LNNA通过各种不同的机制抑制了NOS活性和内源NO的产生,胚芽鞘的生长就被促进,因此,不同光信号对玉米胚芽鞘生长的影响是通过内源NO信号分子实现的．     

米非司酮（RU486）对早孕人滋养细胞超微结构的影响

研究米非司酮（ＲＵ４８６）对早孕人滋养细胞超微结构的影响时，发现ＲＵ４８６可使滋养细胞发生核溶解，粗面内质网渠扩张，线粒体缩小和合体细胞片段脱落等形态改变。虽然ＲＵ４８６可在受体水体拮抗孕酮，但在滋养细胞及在脱膜细胞均无凋亡现象发生。说明ＲＵ４８６对上述组织的影响是继发的，其终止早孕的主要机理可能与子宫螺旋动脉减少供血有关。     

NO对不同耐旱性杨树光合作用的影响

在水分胁迫条件下,研究了NO供体硝普钠(SNP)对乡土树种小青杨(Populus pseudo-simonii Kitag)和速生品种欧美杨107(Populus×euramericana cv.“74/76”)气孔运动及光合作用的影响。结果表明,经不同浓度SNP处理后,杨树叶片气孔相对开度降低,叶片气孔导度降低,蒸腾作用减弱;NO对杨树叶片的光合作用具有双重性,一定浓度的SNP可以调节植物的光合作用,缓解干旱胁迫的伤害,浓度达到2.0mmol.L-1时,则会产生伤害。SNP对107杨的作用效果优于小青杨,表明SNP更有利于提高速生杨对干旱胁迫的气孔反应能力。     

5-氟尿嘧啶诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的研究

为进一步了解抗肿瘤药物5-氟尿嘧啶（5-fluorouracil,5-Fu）的作用机制,研究了5-Fu对体外培养的人乳腺癌细胞系（MCF-7）和人宫颈癌细胞系（Hela）这两种肿瘤细胞生长繁殖的影响及有效的诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的浓度和作用时间。使用Leukostat染色法测定了细胞凋亡的百分率;DNA电泳分析了细胞凋亡出现的特异的DNAladder现象。结果表明,用10～20mmol／L浓度范围的5-Fu作用24h,能够引起肿瘤细胞产生典型的凋亡现象。     

外源一氧化氮(NO)对干旱胁迫滇润楠幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

以硝普钠（SNP）为外源一氧化氮（NO）供体,探究外源NO对干旱环境下滇润楠（Machilus yunnanensis）幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,为当前水分匮乏背景下城市园林树种抗旱能力的提高提供一定的理论基础.结果显示：(1)干旱胁迫下滇润楠幼苗的叶片相对含水量（LRWC）、叶绿素（Chl）质量比、生物量和光合速率（Pn）显著降低,膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）含量和抗氧化酶活性显著增加;(2) SNP处理后,滇润楠幼苗的Chl、脯氨酸（Pro）、可溶性蛋白（SP）和可溶性糖（SS）含量增加,LRWC、Pn、生物量和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性均升高,MDA含量显著降低;(3)在所有SNP处理组中,叶面喷施处理的作用效果要好于根际浇灌处理;在叶面喷施的处理组中,以0.1 mmol/L的SNP的处理作用效果最好,在SNP浓度为0.2 mmol/L时作用效果减弱.研究表明：干旱胁迫下滇润楠幼苗的生长和光合能力受到抑制,膜脂受到氧化损伤,同时干旱胁迫也提高了滇润楠幼苗的根冠比（R/S）、渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化酶活性;外源NO处理进一步提高了...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with