基于单元建模法的怠速工况传动系建模及多种扭转减振器性能对比

采用单元建模法建立怠速工况传动系四自由度扭振模型,并对3种扭转减振器进行仿真对比。首先,为了能准确反映发动机动态扭矩波动对传动系扭振的影响,建立发动机准瞬态模型,并考虑动态摩擦力矩对其输出扭矩的影响;其次,对现有应用较为广泛的离合器扭转减振器、双质量飞轮扭转减振器以及一种新型离心摆式双质量飞轮进行非线性建模;同时对变速箱怠速工况常啮合齿轮对进行精确建模,并考虑齿轮啮合间隙、时变啮合刚度以及从动齿轮转动过程产生拖曳力矩等因素对模型精度的影响;然后对扭振模型进行试验验证;最后利用所建模型对3种扭振减振器性能进行对比分析。研究结果表明:仿真结果与试验结果基本一致,模型精度高,满足工程仿真需求;安装离心摆的新型扭转减振器减振性能最好,怠速工况振动衰减幅度达70%,能够进一步提升车辆NVH性能。     

军用车辆悬挂系统热-机耦合特性研究

为解决军用车辆悬挂系统中减振器温升过高而漏油失效的问题,提出了全面的车辆悬挂系统机械动力学与其热学特性相互耦合模型.采用Matlab/Simulink建立此闭环正反馈系统的热机耦合模型,仿真计算得到某军用车辆在多种工况以及不同悬挂参数条件下的减振器温升特性曲线.研究结果表明:随着路面等级的下降,车速的提高,簧下质量和负重轮刚度的增大,减振器的温度升高加快;簧上质量和悬挂刚度对减振器温升特性无影响.     

车辆滑柱式减振器活塞杆侧向受力分析及应力测量

通过对轿车后悬架系统力学建模，推导了双筒减振器在车轮平面和车轴平面内的受力计算公式，并结合试验数据和实验参数对后悬架进行受力分析，从试验和系统动力学角度分析了减振器出现偏摩现象的原因有；车辆装配后，减振器活塞杆不严格垂直而产生附加动载荷；道路不平和车速较高时，冲击过大而使减振器活塞杆产生突加弯曲实验，实验结果表明，后者是导致减振器出现偏摩现象的主要原因。     

剪切型减振器扣件工作性能及改进

剪切型减振器扣件减振性能良好,广泛应用于城市轨道交通线路,但在减振器扣件区段发生较为严重的钢轨异常波磨。在300 Hz频段减振器轨道振动加速度存在较大峰值带,发生轮轨强烈共振;在200~350 Hz频段,减振器扣件轨道系统的阻尼比很小,动刚度在300 Hz存在波谷。同时,振动加速度频域分布、行车速度和波磨特征波长具有高度相关性,所以,在300 Hz频段的轮轨共振是产生异常波磨的主要原因。针对此问题,提出通过安装调频钢轨阻尼器(TRD)的方案改善轨道动力特性,并进行安装前后的实验室动力特性测试。研究结果表明:安装TRD能够改善Ⅲ型减振器轨道的动力特性,调节频率,提高阻尼,降低工作频率,改善轨道的减振性能。本方案可以作为地铁线上整治异常波磨的有效方法。     

一次近似下的非线性减振器的分岔分析

通过对一类内共振条件下的非线性减振器的数学模型进行分析,得到了一次近似下动力学的响应方程。发现系统存在有两类平衡解,平衡解的进一步失稳导致分岔现象的产生。揭示了阻尼、固有频率、激励频率等系统参数对其动力学行为的影响规律,给出了减振效果相对较好的参数条件,进而提出改善减振器效果的措施。     

地铁直线轨道波磨成因及发展特性

为分析地铁直线段钢轨波磨的成因及发展特性,基于轨道结构有限元模型和车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,运用模态分析和动力分析对钢轨波磨的产生和发展进行研究。结果表明：（1）实测波磨的线路条件和通过频率范围与Pinned-Pinned共振导致的响轨波磨接近,初步认为该区段发生的波磨可能为响轨波磨;（2）轨道结构模态分析发现,513.7Hz处的振动模态为轨道结构的横向Pinned-Pinned共振模态,1050.0Hz处的振动模态为轨道结构的垂向Pinned-Pinned共振模态;车辆-轨道耦合模型动力分析发现,钢轨垂向振动加速度级在中心频率500Hz和1000Hz处幅值较高,分别为69.7dB和70.1dB,且上述中心频率所对应的三分之一倍频程带宽为轨道结构发生Pinned-Pinned共振的频率范围,因此分析认为该线路上的钢轨波磨为轨道结构Pinned-Pinned共振所致的响轨波磨;（3）不同轨枕间距和运营速度下的钢轨垂向振动加速度级变化趋势基本一致,且中心频率500Hz和1000Hz处的钢轨垂向振动加速度级幅值较高。随着轨枕间距和运营速度的变化,500Hz和1000Hz处的钢轨垂向振动加速度级变化趋势相同;通过改变轨枕间距和运营速度,可以使得钢轨垂向振动加速度级发生明显变化,说明适当的轨枕间距（700mm左右）和运营速度（80km/h左右）能够有效的控制响轨波磨的产生和发展。     

混合动力汽车发动机启停工况扭振自适应模糊控制

混合动力汽车(hybrid electric vehicle, HEV)发动机启停过程伴随的转矩脉动,易诱发车辆传动系扭振,导致车辆动力不平顺。为解决上述问题,提出并验证基于电磁阻尼自适应模糊控制的传动系扭振主动控制方法。建立行星混联式混合动力汽车发动机启停工况动力学仿真模型和发动机启停控制逻辑,提出发动机启停扭振自适应模糊控制策略,开展2种运行状态下发动机启停工况仿真,对比分析无控制和自适应模糊控制下传动系扭转振动响应曲线。结果表明,自适应模糊控制相比无控制状态：定置停车时发动机启动和停机工况扭振平均衰减率分别为23.8%和30.1%,车辆行进间发动机启动和停机工况扭振平均衰减率分别为12.1%和23.6%。该方法可有效衰减发动机启停工况传动系扭转振动,提升混合动力汽车发动机启停工况NVH(noise, vibration, and harshness)性能。     

矿用锻造立环的动力学特性

为研究矿用锻造环在不同工况下的机械性能,采用有限元软件ANSYS Workbench对锻造环系统进行动力学分析,得到了锻造环在不同工况下的等效应力、最大等效应力、寿命和固有频率.结果表明:锻造环满载启动和卡链冲击时的最大应力分别为145.53 MPa和58.553 MPa,均小于材料的屈服极限1 166 MPa,锻造环具有较强的抗冲击性;满载启动所产生的随机扰动载荷会对锻造环造成更大的损伤;预紧力的增加可以减小链环发生共振的概率.     

制动特性对修井机制动性能关系影响*

游车制动产生的动载荷是造成修井机井架振动冲击甚至过载失效的根源,针对制动特性与制动性能关系的研究有待深入。目前对修井机制动性能的研究多为基于单个零部件的摩擦分析,难以完全满足制动系统性能优化、评价的需要。以油田小修作业机制动系统为研究对象,基于刚体动力学理论研究不同制动特性对整机制动性能的影响,利用正交试验法分析不同工况下制动参数与制动性能的关系。研究发现：采用正矢制动特性时游车大钩制动加速度曲线优化明显,制动力矩增长率及最大制动力矩是影响制动性能的关键因素,因此正常制动力矩增长率控制在2000-3000N·m·s-1,最大制动力矩取15-20kN·m时,能满足现场制动时间与效率的最优解。     

制动特性对修井机制动性能关系的影响

游车制动产生的动载荷是造成修井机井架振动冲击甚至过载失效的根源,针对制动特性与制动性能关系的研究有待深入。目前对修井机制动性能的研究多为基于单个零部件的摩擦分析,难以完全满足制动系统性能优化、评价的需要。以油田小修作业机制动系统为研究对象,基于刚体动力学理论研究不同制动特性对整机制动性能的影响,利用正交试验法分析不同工况下制动参数与制动性能的关系。研究发现:采用正矢制动特性时游车大钩制动加速度曲线优化明显,制动力矩增长率及最大制动力矩是影响制动性能的关键因素,因此正常制动力矩增长率控制在2 000～3 000 N·m·s~(-1),最大制动力矩取15～20 k N·m时,能满足现场制动时间与效率的最优解。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with