Ti-2%Al-2.5%Zr钛合金在350℃下的持久强度及蠕变行为

首先实验测出了δ=2mm的Ti-2%Al-2.5%Zr单相α-Ti合金板材在350℃下的σb及σ0.2值.据此,确定了6个不同的试验应力点,用以进行该材料在350℃下的高温持久试验.对试验结果进行数据处理,得到了可以向低应力方向外推的方程.继而,对试样的持久断口进行了SEM分析,用金相和TEM对此种钛合金在试验前的显微组织和试验后试样的均匀塑性变形区与集中塑性变形区进行研究,得到了反映该种钛合金在350℃和高应力条件下的高温持久过程、组织变化特征和以位错滑移为主的蠕变行为.     

聚焦光束钎焊接头的力学性能及变形行为

研究了光束钎焊获得的对接和搭接钎焊接头的力学性能及其在拉伸载荷作用下的变形行为。光束钎焊对接接头的断裂强度σb、相对延伸率δ、断面收缩率ψ均低于被钎焊母材。同质接头的弹性极限σ0.01、屈服极限σ0.2与母材相当，而异质接头的σ0.01、σ0.2值仅取决于低屈服极限的母材，与高屈服极限的母材无关。对接接头在拉伸载荷作用下的变形是非均匀的，同质接头中的钎缝和近缝区的塑性变形量最小，而异质接头中屈服极限较高的母材一侧几乎无塑性变形。搭接接头在拉伸载荷作用下下会产生“折弯效应”，折弯程度随被钎焊母材屈服极限的增加而减小。对接接头的断裂是由纯拉应力导致的，而搭接接头的断裂是剪应力和拉应力综合作用的结果。     

超塑性锌铝共晶合金成形工艺的研究

根据超塑性锌铝共晶合金的力学性能和超塑性变形特点的试验研究结果,分析制定了锌铝共晶合金塑料模成型镶件的成形工艺参数.发现在300℃及小于40MPa的成形温度和成形压力下,可获得形状符合要求的超塑成形模具镶块,同时其镶块具有较高的力学性能:HB100,σb>370MPa,σ0.2>300MPa.     

BFe30-1-1合金热变形行为及热加工图

对BFe30-1-1合金在变形温度为750~1000℃,应变速率为0.01~10s—1的条件下使用Gleeble-1500D热模拟机进行高温热压缩试验,研究其热加工行为.获得了该合金在高温下的真应力-真应变曲线,并分析了其流变应力的变化规律.构建了BFe30-1-1合金的热变形方程,基于动态材料模型绘制其热加工图,并结合热压缩后的合金微观组织分析热加工图.结果表明:变形条件对加工图有明显影响,在较低的应变速率和较高的温度条件下,能量耗散效率较大.在应变量分别为0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8的热加工图基础上,分析合金在不同变形条件下的动态再结晶组织特性及流变失稳显微组织,最终得到该合金最佳热加工温度为830~950℃,应变速率为0.01~0.05s—1.     

半连续铸造Al-15Si合金热压缩变形流变应力行为

采用Gleeble-1500D热模拟机进行高温等温压缩试验,研究了半连续铸造Al-15Si铝合金在变形温度为300~500℃,应变速率为0.001~5 s-1条件下的流变应力行为.结果表明,在试验温度范围内,此合金的流变应力随变形温度的升高,应变速率的降低而降低,说明该合金属于正应变速率敏感性材料;可采用Zener-Hollomon参数双曲正弦形式来描述Al-15Si合金高温塑性变形时的流变应力行为;σ解析表达式中材料常数A,α,n值分别为2.07×1012s-1,0.026 MPa-1,4.61,Al-15Si合金的平均热变形激活能Q为180.96 kJ/mol.     

HAL62-3-3-0.7合金的高温本构方程

采用压缩试验法研究了HAL62-3-3-0.7合金的热变形规律.在不同的变形参数条件下,根据其真实σ-ε曲线拟合了可以反映HAL62-3-3-0.7合金流变应力与各变形参数之间关系的高温本构方程.研究结果表明HAL62-3-3-0.7合金热变形的流变应力随温度的升高和应变速率的降低而减小;在变形过程中,应力很快达到峰值,而后出现软化过程,其真实σ-ε曲线趋于平稳,证明该合金在高变形速率的条件下动态再结晶过程十分明显.     

高Nb--TiAl合金的高温循环变形机制

在750℃下对近片层Ti--45Al--8Nb--0.2W--0.2B--0.1Y合金进行了静拉伸和循环变形,观察和分析变形后试样的微观组织.合金在750℃时的循环应力--应变曲线位于静拉伸应力--应变曲线之上,显示出明显的循环硬化特征;在循环变形过程中呈现先硬化后稳定.透射电镜观察显示,在750℃下循环变形和拉伸的合金试样中均发现有大量的位错钉扎、塞积及缠结存在,而形变孪晶仅在循环变形后的合金试样中存在.合金在750℃下的循环变形中孪生起重要作用.     

置氢Ti-6Al-4V合金组织演变与超塑性能

应用高温拉伸实验研究了氢对Ti-6Al-4V合金超塑变形行为的影响,借助于OM、SEM、TEM和XRD等分析手段,分析了氢对钛合金组织演变的影响. 结果表明:氢可促进合金中β相数量的增加,氢质量分数达到0.2%时合金出现马氏体组织,并随着氢含量的增加而逐渐粗化;适量的氢可以改善钛合金超塑变形行为,如降低流动应力和超塑变形温度、提高应变速率敏感指数m值;Ti-6Al-4V合金加入质量分数0.1%的氢,其峰值流动应力降低53%,变形温度降低约60℃,且由于氢的加入,使得超塑变形后的位错密度减少,说明氢促进了位错的运动.     

N12160高温合金热压缩变形行为和加工图

该文所研究的N12160合金等温热压实验是在Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机上进行的。获得了N12160合金在应变速率为0.01～5s~(-1)、变形温度为950℃～1200℃条件下的真应力-真应变曲线。该文采用Arrhenius方程描述了该合金的流变应力行为,同时基于动态材料模型(DMM)建立了N12160合金在不同应变量下的热加工图研究。结果表明:在热压缩变形过程中,流变应力随应变速率的增加而增加,随变形温度的增加而减小。根据热加工图以及微观组织观察得出N12160合金适宜热加工区域的变形参数为:ε=0.02～0.6s~(-1),T=1000℃～1080℃和■=0.2～2s~(-1),T=1080℃～1200℃。     

用实测偏差应变的方法测定б_(0.2)

航空工业等部门,对所用金属材料的机械性能要求比较严格,经常需要测定所选用金属材料的条件屈服强度σ_(0.2),以保证所设计和制造出来的飞行器等在多次正常使用的情况下不致积累过大的永久变形;断裂力学的研究和应用中,为了解裂纹端附近塑性区的范围,以便估计塑性区的影响,也普遍地要求测定金属材料的条件屈服强度σ_(0.2);至于高强度金属材料的应力腐蚀问题,常以材料条件屈服强度的大小作为该材料对应力腐蚀敏感性的一个标志,所以也需要准确地测定条件屈服强度σ_(0.2)。条件屈服强度σ_(0.2),简称屈服强度(为与物理屈服强度相区别,后者简称为屈服点σ_s,是微量塑性变形抗力指标的一种。其起始的定义是:在拉伸试验过程中,使试样计     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.