局部应用硝酸银冶疗常年性鼻炎

作者使用15％硝酸银涂抹鼻中隔及下鼻甲前端的方法治疗常年性鼻炎50例,每周一次,三次为一疗程,总有效率达到66％,平均维持疗效时间为3.2个月。这种方法简便易行无需复杂设备患者易接受,无任何危险的并发症。为常年性鼻炎的治疗提供了一个简单而有效的方法。在临床中,作者们还采用了记分制方法作为判断病情及效果评价的标准,使结果更加准确、客观。     

舌下含服脱敏对常年性变应性鼻炎的临床观察

目的:观察舌下含服特异性脱敏治疗对常年性变应性鼻炎患者的临床疗效.方法:选择常年性变应性鼻炎患者80例进行特异性皮肤试验,并随机分为2组进行脱敏治疗,舌下含服组40例,皮下注射组40例,疗程2年以上,观察临床疗效.结果:变应性鼻炎患者常见的过敏原依次为灰尘、螨、豚草花粉、多价霉菌、蒿属花粉等.评定2组疗效,舌下含服组总有效率为77.5%,皮下注射组总有效率为80.0%,两组之间进行比较差异无统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:舌下含服治疗对常年性变应性鼻炎是一种安全、有效、简便的特异性脱敏治疗方法.     

常年性变应性鼻炎的特异性脱敏治疗

为探讨特异性脱敏疗法治疗常年性变应性鼻炎的疗效和安全性,笔者对52例诊断为常年性变应性鼻炎的病人进行特异性脱敏治疗,结果发现特异性脱敏治疗的有效率为84.6%,副反应主要表现为局部反应,全身反应率为1.9%.特异性脱敏治疗是一种安全的、有效的针对变应性鼻炎病因的疗法.     

低温等离子微创介入技术治疗下鼻甲肥大

目的:探讨等离子微创介入技术治疗下鼻甲肥大的消融治疗效果.方法:对238例下鼻甲肥大的患者进行下鼻甲消融.鼻中隔偏曲致下鼻甲代偿性肥大的患者进行鼻中隔矫正同时对下鼻甲施行低温等离子消融.结果:术后1个月至半年随访,所有患者鼻阻塞症状改善,通气良好,有效率100%.结论:低温等离子消融术是一种微创介入技术,对下鼻甲肥大特别鼻中隔偏曲对侧下鼻甲代偿肥大的下鼻甲消融手术是有效又安全简捷的治疗方法,值得推广.     

126例鼻窦内窥镜下鼻中隔粘膜下切除术临床分析

目的:探讨鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻中隔偏曲的疗效.方法:2005年3月至2006年10月我科应用鼻内窥镜行鼻中隔粘膜下切除术126例.结果:随访6月～1年,46例单纯性鼻中隔偏曲和16例伴有过敏性鼻炎的患者,治愈率为100%,合并鼻窦炎和鼻息肉的64例中,治愈率93.75%,好转率6.25%.结论:该手术方法是治疗鼻中隔偏曲的最佳选择.     

康宁克通-A下鼻甲粘膜下注射对变态反应性鼻炎治疗效果观察

变态反应性鼻炎是常见鼻炎.发病率比一般人所想象的高得多.根据Hansel等人的报告,变态反应性鼻炎的发病率是27—44%.临床上分为常年性和季节性两种.目前治疗方法颇多,特异性脱敏疗法、冷冻、激光、下鼻甲粘膜下注射激素等都有一定程度的疗效.我科近两年来采用进口康宁克通-A下鼻甲粘膜下注射30例,疗效较好.1 一般资料 1)年龄、性别、分型和病程 选自我科门诊病人30例.其中男21例,占70%;女9例,占30%.年龄在17-56岁.季节性变态反应性鼻炎18例,常年性变态反应性鼻炎12例.12例病程在3年以下,占40%;其余均在3年以上,最长8年. 2)临床表现 病人主…     

布地奈德鼻喷雾剂治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效观察

目的:观察布地奈德鼻喷雾剂治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效.方法:根据诊断标准收集60例确诊为变应性鼻炎的患者,分为治疗组(布地奈德鼻喷剂)和对照组(氯雷他定)进行治疗,对比其疗效,治疗4周后、比较治疗前、后各项观察指标记分.结果:治疗组有效率为93.3%,对照组有效率为67.7%,统计学分析有差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论:布地奈德鼻喷雾剂治疗变应性鼻炎疗效显著,起效迅速,无明显毒副作用,使用方便,是治疗变应性鼻炎的优良制剂.     

微波治疗慢性肥厚性鼻炎245例临床分析

选择245例慢性肥厚性鼻炎患者,采用MTC—4型多功能微波手术治疗仪,辐射治疗肥大的下鼻甲 结果,245例慢性肥厚性鼻炎患者经微波副射治疗后,取得良好的疗效,有效率达93.1%     

鼻内镜下泡状中鼻甲部分切除术36例临床分析

目的:探讨泡状中鼻甲部分切除手术的临床表现、影像学、治疗经验及术后疗效观察。方法:对2006年6月-2010年6月收治的36例鼻-鼻窦患者行泡状中鼻甲部分切除手术的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:36例泡状中鼻甲患者采用微创黏膜下切除术后疗效明显优于传统的部分切除方法,36例中20例恢复快,愈合好,并发症少。结论:鼻内镜下行中鼻甲黏膜下部分切除泡状中鼻甲,具有手术微创及操作简单的优点,值得临床推广应用。     

鼻敏合剂治疗常年性变应性鼻炎的临床和实验研究

该课题从基础、临床、实验、药剂四个方面对鼻敏合剂进行系统研究，结果明确了肺肾阳虚，卫表不固是常年性变应性鼻炎的病机，鼻分泌物IgE检测对诊断具有意义，对临床150例鼻敏合剂组治疗(有效率88％)及60例对照组(有效率为76．6％)观察有较好的疗效，变应性鼻炎微波鼻腔热凝术后口服鼻敏合剂对长期疗效有明显提高。     

特异性脱敏法治疗柳树花粉引起的 过敏性鼻炎的实验研究

目的 建立柳树花粉引起的过敏性鼻炎小鼠模型,并对其进行特异性脱敏治疗。 方法 提取柳树花粉蛋白, 对小鼠腹腔注射并滴鼻激发,建立过敏性鼻炎小鼠模型;通过递增变应原剂量对小鼠皮下注射,观察小鼠行为学症 状、鼻黏膜组织形态学变化和检测血清 sIgE 的含量,探索特异性脱敏疗法的效果。 结果 治疗前小鼠出现搔鼻、打 喷嚏、流鼻涕等过敏症状,鼻黏膜中嗜酸性粒细胞明显多于对照组,血清 sIgE 含量高于激发前,成功建立了过敏性 鼻炎小鼠模型;治疗后小鼠过敏症状 逐 渐 减 轻 至 消 失,鼻 黏 膜 中 嗜 酸 性 粒 细 胞 逐 渐 减 少,血 清 sIgE 含 量 减 少。 结论 柳树花粉能够建立过敏性鼻炎小鼠模型,且特异性脱敏法可将其治疗。     

粉尘螨疫苗免疫治疗过敏性鼻炎小鼠鼻黏膜的电镜观察

建立了粉尘螨小鼠过敏性鼻炎模型,观察粉尘螨疫苗免疫治疗鼻黏膜超微结构的变化,探讨粉尘螨疫苗免疫治疗的疗效.将24只BALB/c小鼠随机分为阴性对照组(A组)、过敏性鼻炎模型组(B组)、粉尘螨疫苗治疗组(C组),按本室常规方法建立尘螨过敏性鼻炎小鼠动物模型,观察抓鼻、流涕、喷嚏等症状,末次激发24 h后,麻醉小鼠,眼窝取血,ELISA法检测血清中Der f特异性抗体IgE和IgG2a;取鼻黏膜组织固定,切片、电镜观察.结果表明:建模后B组、C组均出现典型的喷嚏、流涕、抓鼻症状,但粉尘螨疫苗免疫治疗组较模型组症状明显减轻,正常对照组无任何行为异常.与B组相比,C组血清中Der f特异性抗体IgE显著降低(P<0.05),而B组和C组IgG2a的含量较A组显著增高(P<0.01).电镜观察:(1)正常对照组:嗅黏膜上皮细胞,表面有大量纤毛,排列整齐;胞质内细胞器丰富.(2)过敏性鼻炎组:嗅黏膜上皮细胞肿胀,嗅细胞表面的纤毛减少或消失,细胞排列紊乱、细胞间有炎症细胞浸润,细胞器退变、空泡化,核变形不规则、固缩.(3)粉尘螨疫苗免疫治疗组:嗅黏膜纤毛排列较整齐,粗细较均匀,纤毛密度较正常对照组低,线粒体致密,与空白对照组相比数量增多.粉尘螨疫苗可以有效改善过敏性鼻炎的症状,抑制过敏性鼻炎鼻黏膜炎症变化.     

粉尘螨滴剂脱敏治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效观察

评估粉尘螨滴剂舌下免疫治疗（SLIT）对不同年龄组（＜14岁组和≥14岁组）变应性鼻炎的疗效差异。收集48例对尘螨过敏的变应性鼻炎患者分成低龄组22例（4～13岁）和高龄组26例（14～46岁）,通过粉尘螨滴剂舌下含服,观察并记录治疗1.0年后的鼻部症状评分、药物评分及主观疗效,最后进行统计数据分析。结果：治疗1.0年后,低龄组、高龄组的鼻部症状评分及药物评分有显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结果表明,舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂对不同年龄组变应性鼻炎均有疗效。     

氢气对实验性小鼠过敏性鼻炎减轻作用的研究

目的 观察氢气能否减轻小鼠过敏性鼻炎.方法 BALB/c雌鼠24只,随机分成正常组、模型组、氮氧组、氢氧组.除正常组外,其余三组小鼠,前14 d内,每2天一次,腹腔注射溶有50μg卵白蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)+2 mg氢氧化铝[Al(OH)3]的生理盐水0.3 mL;第15～21天给予两鼻腔内滴10μL内含2...     

Effects of ambient air pollution on allergic rhinitis among preschool children in Changsha, China

Prevalence of allergic rhinitis has rapidly increased among Chinese children,but the reasons are unclear.Recent findings have suggested that exposure to outdoor air pollutants may increase the risk of allergic rhinitis,but the results were inconsistent.This study further investigated the effect of outdoor air pollutants on allergic rhinitis among preschool children.A standardized questionnaire on health,home and environmental factors was conducted for 4988 children aged 1–8 in the city of Changsha,and the concentrations of PM10(particle diameter 10 m),sulfur dioxide(SO2)and nitrogen dioxide(NO2)during 2006–2011 were acquired from the official web of Changsha Environmental Protection Agency.Results showed that the prevalence of children’s doctor diagnosed rhinitis was 8.4%(95%confidence interval[CI]7.0%–10.0%).It was found that the prevalence of rhinitis was not associated with site-specific background concentrations of air pollutants,but significantly positively correlated with age-related accumulative personal exposure of PM10,SO2and NO2.We conclude that age-related accumulative personal exposure to ambient air pollution may play an important role in the development of rhinitis.     

Indoor environmental quality and the prevalence of childhood asthma and rhinitis in Wuhan area of China

Indoor environmental quality is suspected to be at least part of the cause of the increasing prevalence of childhood asthma and allergy. This study is part of the China, Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) project, which was designed to identify the risk factors indoors that are associated with prevalence of asthma and allergy among children in China. A cross-sectional questionnaire study was carried out in Wuhan in 2011. The questionnaire was a modified (to Chinese building characteristics) version of a questionnaire used first in Sweden. The parents of 2193 children, aged 1–8 years, replied, a response rate of 91.4% (2193/2400). Prevalences of asthma and allergic symptoms were calculated, and a Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to identify risk factors. Prevalences of health outcomes are “wheezing last 12 months” 18.5%, “cough at night last 12 months” 15.4%, “doctor-diagnosed asthma” 6.0%, “rhinitis last 12 months” 48.7%, “doctor-diagnosed allergic rhinitis” 17.5%. Factors associated with increased risk for asthma, allergy and related symptoms include living in an urban area, dampness (significant), use of gas for cooking, new dwelling decoration (paint and furniture obtained during pregnancy), keeping pets and breast feeding less than 3 months. Factors associated with reduced risk as installing an exhaust fan in the bathroom. Home environmental factors are significantly associated with the prevalence of childhood asthma and rhinitis in Wuhan. Urbanization and dampness problems at home are significant risk factors for doctor diagnosed asthma and allergic rhinitis among children in Wuhan.     

中西医结合治疗变应性鼻炎108例临床分析

目的探求变应性鼻炎有效、稳定的中西医结合治疗方法.方法变应性鼻炎患者随机分成两组,治疗组用中药补中益气汤加减配合射频治疗;对照组单纯用射频治疗,观察临床疗效.结果两组比较近期疗效、远期疗效、显效率、有效率,均有显著差异.结论中西医结合方法治疗变应性鼻炎疗效稳定、显著,不易复发,值得推广.     

Dampness in dwellings and its associations with asthma and allergies among children in Chongqing: A cross-sectional study

The city of Chongqing has high outdoor temperatures and humidity throughout the year and consequently a high risk of dampness and mold problems in dwellings.As part of the China,Children,Homes,Health(CCHH),associations between home characteristics and children’s asthma,allergies,and related symptoms were investigated in Chongqing,China.A cross-sectional questionnaire survey on home characteristics including dampness and symptoms of asthma and allergies in 5299 children was performed.Data for 4754 children(3–6 years)and their homes were analyzed.Results showed that 35.1%of homes were reported to have"damp bedding",14.3%"condensation on window panes(higher than 5 cm)",11.6%"mouldy odor",9.3%"water leakage",8.3%"damp stains"and 5.3%"visible mould".Wheezing and rhinitis ever were reported for 27.0%and 51.1%children respectively,and rhinitis,wheezing,cough at night and eczema in the last 12 months were reported for 38.1%,20.5%,18.9%and 13.2%respectively.Doctor-diagnosed asthma was reported for 8.3%of children,and doctor-diagnosed rhinitis for 6.2%.Dampness in homes was generally strongly associated with asthma and allergies among Chongqing children.The strongest association was found between"visible mould"and doctor-diagnosed rhinitis,and the adjusted Odds Ratio(ORA)was 2.27(95%CI:1.48,3.49)."Damp bedding"was significantly associated with all asthma and allergic symptoms,but doctor-diagnosed asthma and rhinitis.The behavior of"putting bedding to sunshine"could effectively reduce the prevalence of asthma and allergic symptoms,and the risk of bedding affected with damp was reduced significantly when bedding was put to sunshine frequently.