朱鹮种群的保护研究现状

文章对朱鹮现有野生种群、人工种群,特别是再引入种群的保护研究现状进行了总结。2007年5月至2009年8月,在陕西宁陕县寨沟相继放飞笼养个体40只,目前已经形成10个繁殖配对,共计产卵21窝66枚,成功繁殖后代28只。上述观察结果表明朱鹮的首次再引入前景看好,62.5%的成活率标志着朱鹮首次再引入初步取得成功。     

朱鹮(Nipponia nippon)野生种群的现状与保护对策

报道了中国陕西洋县朱鹮野生种群的分布现状,分析了朱鹮的种群动态,如种群数量、出生率和死亡率、年龄结构和性比等．最后叙述了朱鹮种群的保护管理现状,包括种群监测保护、栖息地管理和社区发展战略等．     

朱鹮的新消息

自1981年5月在秦岭南麓的陕西省洋县中山区姚家沟重新发现朱鹮以来,今年春又在洋县平川地带草坝村落户的一对朱鹮首次营巢,繁殖3只幼朱鹮并于6月中旬成功地飞出,走向大自然。从此,结束了朱鹮只在秦岭中山区营巢繁殖的历史。草坝朱鹮的繁殖成功,证实了历史上朱鹮曾在平川繁衍生息的客观存在。据资料考证,朱鹮曾广泛分布于中国、朝鲜、原苏联和日本。在我国14个省内都曾有     

城固县野生朱鹮繁殖状况调查

野生朱鹮2003年开始在城固县营巢繁殖，至2008年的6年中，在6个镇（乡），8个村的繁殖地，成功繁殖23窝，成活雏鸟51只。繁殖地分属秦岭南坡中山区；秦岭南坡丘陵低山区和巴山低山丘陵区三种生境，巢位树主要是马尼松和油松，分别占73．91％和21．74％。城固县已成为重要的野生朱鹮繁殖地。     

我国朱鹮种群数突破200只

在陕西洋县朱鹮保护观察站科技人员的精心管护下,今年朱鹮繁殖工作取得了突破性进展。 3月初以来,在野外先后有19对朱鹮筑巢,其中有15对朱鹮成功地繁殖出38只幼朱鹮。另外朱鹮救护饲养中心的8对朱鹮产卵35枚,成活幼朱鹮27只。至6月底,在去年130余只的基础上,新增幼朱鹮65只,使我国朱鹮种群数量突破200只。在朱鹮繁殖期间,保护观察站采取承包和集中监护的办法,确保了朱鹮的繁殖安全。他们聘用36名巡护人员,实行昼夜轮班跟踪监护。他们把巢树干包上塑料纸,巢树下挂设尼龙安全网;修水渠,筑田坎,保证稻田水源,并投放鲜活泥鳅2000公斤,保证了朱鹮育雏期间的营养需求。根据今年繁殖期拉长,池塘沟口等两个巢区的朱鹮5月初才产卵、育雏较晚的状况,他们将饲养     

朱鹮(Nipponia nippon)人工种群的建立发展与保护对策研究

回顾了世界朱鹮饲养繁殖的历史,并对人工种群发展过程中的保护管理措施和现状进行了总结．从1872年英国伦敦动物园饲养朱鹮开始,朱鹮的饲养已经历了130多年的时间．1981年中国朱鹮重新发现以来,经过科学家的努力,中国朱鹮的人工饲养繁殖,无论从饲养管理、人工繁殖, 还是疾病防治等方面,均取得了突破性进展．截至2004年底,包括日本佐渡、北京动物园、洋县朱鹮 救护饲养中心和陕西楼观台珍稀动物抢救饲养中心的4个种群,世界朱鹮人工种群的数量已达 422只．     

黑颈鹤巢、卵和雏鸟的观察

对于黑颈鹤(Grus nigricollis)的营巢习性、卵及其雏鸟的生物学观察,至今国内外报道甚少。笔者1986年和1987年在四川的若尔盖、青海的龙宝滩和青海湖泉湾,对九窝繁殖的黑颈鹤进行了观察。现报道如下。一、巢的类型与巢材黑颈鹤是一种营地面巢的鸟类。繁殖区限于青藏高原的湖泊沼泽湿地。巢地建于这些环境的湖中小岛、草墩和水草丛中,根据置巢环境,分别为岛地巢、泥堆巢、草墩巢、草丛巢和临时巢五种类型。     

朱鹮

朱鹮（Nipponia nippon）是鹳形目鹮科鸟类，属中等体型的涉禽，历史上曾广泛分布于亚洲的东部和东北部。20世纪中叶以来，由于环境污染导致的繁殖成功率下降，食物资源短缺、捕猎、掏鸟卵、营巢树被砍伐以及湿地面积缩小等原因，朱鹮野生种群逐渐衰退，相继在俄罗斯、朝鲜半岛和日本消失。     

山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区东方白鹳种群恢复与保护现状

东方白鹳(Ciconia boyciana)国家I级重点保护鸟类,山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区自1997年发现东方白鹳迁徙种群,至2003年发现第一对繁殖以来,经过十几年的生境恢复、种群恢复、保护与管理等工作,使东方白鹳由繁殖种群数量稳定上升,2005年2巢,2006年16巢,2008年15巢,2009年21巢,2010年23巢,黄河三角洲东方白鹳留居繁殖种群的不断壮大,有力促进了该种的物种恢复工作,为该物种的保护与恢复做出重要贡献,将给该物种保护和濒危水鸟的保护生物学研究带来新机遇。     

朱鹮的十七年

本世纪初朱鹮曾经广泛分布在东亚地区,60年代在中国失去踪迹,1980年仅有日本孑遗5只。如此迅速消逝的根本原因,是其生态环境遭到严重破坏:林木砍伐、滥施化肥和农药、大规模生产活动、肆意捕杀……由此看来,朱鹮最大的敌人不是鹰隼,而是人类。1981年,我国科学工作者在陕西洋县重新发现朱鹮。笔者曾赴陕西洋县考察朱鹮的野外繁殖生态,见到巢区沿途保护警示牌赫然立于路旁。“朱鹮之家”竞在清朝末年的坟茔地周围所植高大栓皮栎上(树高30余米,巢距地面20余米),这倒要感谢先人了,别处成材林木几乎砍伐殆尽,独有这里数十株逃过厄运亭亭玉立,为朱鹮提供了庇护所。那     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.