低压等离子喷涂NiCOCrAlYTa涂层的组织结构及抗氧化性能

采用低压等离子喷涂在Co基高温合金K640基体上制备NiCoCrAlYTa涂层,通过XRD,SEM和EDS等方法研究低压等离子喷涂涂层和真空退火后涂层的形貌、相结构及抗氧化性能.研究结果表明:低压等离子喷涂涂层主要由γ-Ni,γ'-AlNi3和极少量的β-NiAl等相组成,元素分布均匀,涂层为典型的片层状结构,沉积界面处存在少量孔洞:真空退火处理过程促进了β-NiAl相的析出,衍射峰尖锐,元素分布不均匀,Al和Y向涂层表面扩散,Cr富集于涂层与基体的界面处;真空热处理涂层表面在氧化初期形成较多孔洞,导致涂层抗氧化能力降低.     

NiCrAlY涂层/TC4基体界面反应机理

采用电弧离子镀技术在TC4(Ti6Al4V)合金基体表面沉积制备NiCrAlY涂层.通过扫描电镜与能谱分析、X射线衍射分析及显微硬度测试,研究真空热处理对NiCrAlY涂层组织性能的影响;分析界面反应产物的形成过程;讨论Cr元素在界面反应中的作用机制.研究结果表明:真空热处理后NiCrAlY涂层中有γ'-Ni3Al相析出,提高了涂层的表面硬度;在870℃以下热处理,NiCrAlY涂层/TC4基体界面反应产物的出现顺序依次为:相变影响区→Ni3(Al,Ti)和Ti2Ni化合物层→TiNi化合层;Cr元素在870℃以上开始扩散并参与界面反应,形成TiCr2化合物.     

扩散阻挡层对NiCrAlYSi涂层不同条件下热腐蚀行为的影响

利用电弧离子镀技术在DSM11合金基体上制备含或不含扩散阻挡层(diffusion barrier,DB)的Ni Cr Al YSi涂层,对比研究2种涂层在900℃恒温热腐蚀行为和从900℃到室温的循环热腐蚀行为(表面混合盐质量分数为75%Na2SO4+25%K2SO4)。研究结果表明:在恒温热腐蚀条件下,含或不含扩散阻挡层的Ni Cr Al YSi涂层表面主要生成了α-Al2O3和γ/γ′相;腐蚀100 h后,Ni Cr Al YSi涂层出现了较多的Kirkendall孔洞,基体与涂层元素的互扩散明显。Ni Cr Al YSi/DB涂层的扩散阻挡层可有效地抑止基体与涂层的元素互扩散,防护效果比单一Ni Cr Al YSi涂层的效果好。在循环热腐蚀条件下,含或不含扩散阻挡层的Ni Cr Al YSi涂层表面主要生成α-Al2O3、尖晶石、Ti O2和γ/γ′相;腐蚀100 h后,Ni Cr Al YSi涂层内氧化和内硫化现象严重,Ni Cr Al YSi/DB涂层的扩散阻挡层界面易开裂,影响扩散阻挡层的效力,导致涂层体系比单一Ni Cr Al YSi涂层更快失效。     

电弧离子镀制备Cr-O-N涂层及生长机理探讨

为了弄清O2和N2的流量变化和基体负偏压对涂层微观结构的影响,利用电弧离子镀技术制备了Cr-O-N涂层,对涂层样品进行了X射线衍射分析,扫描电镜和原子力显微镜观察,电子探针成分分析,结果表明Cr-O-N涂层含CrN和Cr2O3相,衍射峰的择优取向、涂层的表面粗糙度、相含量和化学成分与制备过程中的气体流量、基体负偏压等因素密切相关:随着氧流量的增加,涂层的表面粗糙度上升,涂层中氧元素含量和Cr2O3相含量增多;基体负偏压的升高有利于涂层沿CrN(220),Cr2O3(300)面择优生长和涂层的致密性提高.     

电弧离子镀制备NiCrAlY涂层及其阻尼性能

采用电弧离子镀的方式在不锈钢基片上制备了NiCrAlY涂层.对涂层样品进行了物相分析,表面形貌观察,测定微区化学成分,储能模量和损耗模量.结果表明,利用电弧离子镀的方法可以在不锈钢基底上获得均匀的NiCrAlY涂层.制备过程中的弧电流变化对涂层的表面形貌和化学成分有一定的影响,对涂层的物相结构影响不大.为研究NiCrAlY涂层的阻尼特性,通过储能模量和损耗模量的测试结果得到涂层样品的阻尼性能,结果表明NiCrAlY涂层能明显地提高基底的阻尼性能.     

重熔处理过程对镍基合金复合涂层的组织变化影响

采用超音速大气等离子喷涂方法,在Q235A钢基体上制备了含有20%WC的NiCrBSi复合涂层,并对涂层进行氧-乙炔火焰重熔处理。利用扫描电子显微镜对重熔前后的涂层进行微观结构分析,并采用X射线衍射方法研究其相组成。发现重熔处理后涂层中缺陷减少,WC、CrB和Cr7C3等硬质相被γ-Ni固溶体所包覆,对提高涂层的显微硬度和耐摩擦磨损性能有显著作用。     

CrN/Cr涂层对Ti22Al26Nb合金的高温防护研究

采用电弧离子镀技术在O相Ti22Al26Nb合金表面镀覆CrN以及CrN/Cr涂层并研究了其在800和900℃空气中的等温氧化行为,结果显示O相钛合金表面施加单一的CrN涂层后,涂层表面在氧化时形成了保护性的氧化膜Cr2O3层,因此合金受到了良好的高温防护,但是涂层和基体合金之间发生了明显的互扩散;在CrN涂层和钛合金基体之间施加纯Cr扩散障层后形成的CrN/Cr涂层,其表面除了象单一CrN涂层那样氧化后形成了一层连续、致密、结合良好的保护性氧化膜Cr2O3层外,还能有效的抑制涂层与基体合金之间的互扩散,此外扩散障Cr层的存在使得靠近其基体的晶粒也出现了长大现象。     

WC/12Co颗粒增强Ni60A复合涂层的组织及耐磨性能

采用超音速等离子喷涂技术在45#钢表面制备不同配比的WC/12Co+Ni60A复合涂层.利用SEM、EDS、XRD等分析技术对该涂层的形貌特征、物相组成和微区成分进行分析,并对涂层硬度及耐磨性进行测试.结果表明:在Ni60A中添加WC/12Co颗粒可使涂层的硬度和耐磨性显著提高,当WC/12Co质量分数为30%时,复合涂层的耐磨性较Ni60A涂层的耐磨性提高10.4倍;WC/12Co+Ni60A复合涂层主要由WC增强颗粒、γ-Ni基体及基体上分布的Cr2B、Cr7C3、Ni3Si2、W2C等相组成.其中大部分未熔的WC颗粒弥散分布在γ-Ni基体上形成硬质点相,是提高涂层耐磨性的主要因素;同时WC颗粒的存在对γ-Ni基固溶体基体有强化作用,使得涂层耐磨性进一步提高.     

电弧离子镀CrN薄膜的镀覆工艺研究

随着氮分压增加,低分压时所产生的Cr和Cr2N的衍射峰减弱至消失,而CrN的衍射峰增强直至形成单相薄膜,薄膜表面的大颗粒密度、尺寸都减小,N2分压过大时薄膜表面的大颗粒又增加;随着脉冲偏压的施加,薄膜的表面变得均匀平整,大颗粒数量、尺寸明显减少,偏压过大时薄膜表面又有较大熔滴产生;抛光和喷砂均能降低薄膜表面大颗粒的形成。最后得到了电弧离子镀氮化铬涂层的最佳工艺。     

Ti60合金电弧离子镀Ti-Al-Cr防护涂层的抗循环热冲击性能

利用电弧离子镀技术在Ti60合金表面制备了Ti-48Al-5Cr和Ti-48Al-12Cr(原子分数,%)两种涂层.研究了Ti60及涂层样品在高温(900℃和950℃)和室温(强制水冷)之间的抗循环热冲击能力.分析了热冲击过程中样品的质量变化、相组成、表面及截面形貌的显微照片.结果显示Ti-48Al-12Cr涂层具有较好的抗循环热冲击性能,能有效地保护Ti60基体.而Ti-48Al-5Cr涂层不能有效地保护基体,这是因为Cr元素含量不同导致氧化机制的差异.热冲击实验加速了氧化物的剥落和破坏,因此加速了内氧化的发生和裂纹的萌生、扩展.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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