一类非线性系统的执行器组合故障自适应容错控制

针对一类具有执行器组合故障的多输入单输出非线性最小相位系统提出了自适应容错跟踪控制方案。考虑系统执行器卡死和部分失效组合故障,基于微分几何反馈线性化,设计了模型参考自适应容错控制算法。设计的控制律能够保证系统在执行器故障时闭环系统稳定,而且渐近跟踪给定的参考信号。仿真结果表明了所提方法的有效性。     

一类不确定执行器非线性系统的自适应控制

针对一类带不确定执行器非线性的控制系统,提出了一种自适应神经网络控制方法。建立了包括死区、齿隙和“类齿隙”磁滞特征的非线性执行器模型。通过结合所建立的模型和Nussbaum增益技术,解决了当执行器非线性不确定时的控制问题。所设计的方案不需知道非线性特征参数边界,并且当非线性特征为死区时,其坡度可以为时变的。引入了自适应补偿项消除建模误差和干扰的影响。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

非线性系统执行器死区故障的鲁棒自适应控制

针对一类具有不对称执行器死区故障的不确定非线性系统,基于反推滑模控制原理提出了一种神经网络鲁棒自适应控制方案。通过简化死区故障模型,取消了模型倾斜度相等和边界对称条件,结合动态面控制避免了传统反推设计方法存在的计算复杂性问题。所提控制方案取消了控制方向已知的条件,消除了执行器死区故障的影响,使得系统输出趋于给定参考轨迹的一个小领域。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于观测器的非线性系统执行器死区故障的自适应跟踪控制

研究了一类具有不对称执行器死区故障的非线性系统的跟踪控制问题。基于扩张观测器,提出了一种新的自适应跟踪控制方法。取消了系统所有状态完全可测的限制。在死区模型所有参数以及系统非线性不确定项上界均未知的情况下,所设计的自适应控制器可以很好地消除执行器死区故障的影响,保证跟踪误差有界。仿真结果表明该方法的有效性。     

基于小波网络的水下机器人执行器故障诊断

针对水下机器人系统的不确定性使得对其进行建模比较困难的特点,提出采用一种改进的小波网络进行水下机器人运动建模。该网络通过学习,调节小波函数的伸缩和平移以及网络连接权,既能逼近函数的整体轮廓,亦能捕捉函数变化细节,使得函数的逼近效果较好。通过比较模型的输出(运动状态估计值)与实际测量值来产生残差,分析残差提取故障判断准则,从而进行执行器故障诊断。仿真试验验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于自适应神经网络的非线性系统故障诊断

针对一类模型未知及状态不可测的非线性系统,提出了基于自适应神经网络的故障诊断策略,不仅在线估计神经网络的矩阵权重,而且在线估计高斯函数的宽度和中心。该方法对系统的未知非线性特性没有特别要求,仅对神经网络提出较弱的假设条件。首先利用径向基函数(Radial Basis Function,简称RBF)神经网络构造状态观测器,估计系统的状态。然后利用另一个自适应RBF神经网络作为故障估计器,其输入是系统的估计状态(而不是系统状态),其输出为系统所发生的故障模型。利用Lyapunov稳定理论详细分析了状态误差和故障误差的收敛性,分别给出了两个神经网络的参数调整律,仿真证明了该方法的实用性和有效性。     

基于自适应超螺旋观测器的空间机械臂鲁棒故障诊断

针对空间机械臂系统执行器鲁棒故障诊断问题,提出一种基于改进的自适应超螺旋观测器故障诊断方法。为抑制复杂空间环境引起的外部干扰对故障诊断结果的影响,在经典超螺旋观测器的基础上引入观测器参数自适应调整算法,同时解决观测器参数过估计问题与噪声扩展问题。此外,引入小于1的分数幂和线性比例项来提高观测器的平滑性和快速性,进一步改善故障诊断效果。基于Moreno-Lyapunov函数算法分析了观测器的有限时间稳定性,证明了观测器的估计误差可以在有限时间内收敛至包含原点的邻域内,提出残差生成方法并设计了基于自适应阈值的故障诊断策略。最后,结合小行星采样空间三连杆机械臂算例,通过仿真验证了所提方法的有效性。     

一类不确定非线性系统的自适应模糊控制

对一类不确定非线性系统提出自适应模糊控制方法。此方法用模糊逻辑系统设计自适应模糊监督控制器和自适应模糊控制器,且设计补偿器对逼近误差进行补偿,以此来减少逼近误差对跟踪精度的影响,同时对自适应模糊监督控制器和自适应模糊控制器中的未知参数设计了自适应学习律。证明了该方法不但能保证闭环系统稳定,而且可使跟踪误差收敛到原点的邻域内。仿真结果验证了此方法的有效性。     

基于非线性自适应观测器的故障诊断

将自适应控制的思想和状态观测器方法相结合研究了一类非线性控制系统的故障诊断问题。针对一类满足Lipschitz条件的带有未知参数的非线性系统,提出了一种非线性自适应状态观测器的设计方法,并将其应用到控制系统的故障诊断中。通过设置未知故障向量的自适应调整律,保证了状态观测器的渐近稳定。数字仿真证明了该方法的有效性,系统渐近稳定,状态向量和故障向量的估计值均趋近于实际值。     

无人驾驶系统中执行器攻击检测算法设计

为保证执行器的安全,提出了一种检测执行器攻击并确定攻击类型的方法。根据车载传感器的测量数据,采用最大似然估计的方法计算执行器所执行的实际控制指令,然后与车载计算机发送的上游指令对比,判断执行器是否执行了预期指令。仿真平台上的实验结果表明,该执行器攻击检测算法能够有效、及时地检测出攻击,并准确识别出具体攻击类型。     

Actuator fault diagnosis of time-delay systems based on adaptive observer

1 .INTRODUCTIONOwingtotheincreasing demandfor highreliabilityinmany industrial processes , much attention has beenpaid to the problem of fault detection and diagnosis(FDD) in dynamic systems over the past twodecades. Fruitful results can be found in Refs .[1 ~3] .It is well known that faults in a dynamic systemcan take many forms . They can be actuator faults ,sensor faults ,unexpected abrupt changes of some pa-rameters or even unexpected structure changes[4 ,5].The purpose of detection…     

Robust fault detection and diagnosis for uncertain nonlinear systems

This paper considers robust fault detection and diagnosis for input uncertain nonlinear systems. It proposes a multi-objective fault detection criterion so that the fault residual is sensitive to the fault but insensitive to the uncertainty as much as possible. Then the paper solves the proposed criterion by maximizing the smallest singular value of the transformation from faults to fault detection residuals while minimizing the largest singular value of the transformation from input uncertainty to the fault detection residuals. This method is applied to an aircraft which has a fault in the left elevator or rudder. The simulation results show the proposed method can detect the control surface failures rapidly and efficiently.     

Output feedback based adaptive robust fault-tolerant control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems

An adaptive robust approach for actuator fault-tolerant control of a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is proposed. The two chief ways in which the system performance can degrade following an actuator-fault are undesirable transients and unacceptably large steady-state tracking errors. Adaptive control based schemes can achieve good final tracking accuracy in spite of change in system parameters following an actuator fault, and robust control based designs can achieve guaranteed transient response. However, neither adaptive control nor robust control based fault-tolerant designs can address both the issues associated with actuator faults. In the present work, an adaptive robust fault-tolerant control scheme is claimed to solve both the problems, as it seamlessly integrates adaptive and robust control design techniques. Comparative simulation studies are performed using a nonlinear hypersonic aircraft model to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme over a robust adaptive control based faulttolerant scheme.     

Diagnosis of process faults and sensor faults in a class of nonlinear uncertain systems

This paper presents a fault diagnosis method for process faults and sensor faults in a class of nonlinear uncertain systems.The fault detection and isolation architecture consists of a fault detection estimator and a bank of adaptive isolation estimators,each corresponding to a particular fault type.Adaptive thresholds for fault detection and isolation are presented.Fault detectability conditions characterizing the class of process faults and sensor faults that are detectable by the presented method are derived.A simulation example of robotic arm is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the fault diagnosis method.     

Novel robust fault diagnosis method for flight control systems

A novel robust fault diagnosis scheme, which possesses fault estimate capability as well as fault diagnosis property, is proposed. The scheme is developed based on a suitable combination of the adaptive multiple model （AMM） and unknown input observer （UIO）. The main idea of the proposed scheme stems from the fact that the actuator Lock-in-Place fault is unknown （when and where the actuator gets locked are unknown）, and multiple models are used to describe different fault scenarios, then a bank of unknown input observers are designed to implement the disturbance de-coupling. According to Lyapunov theory, proof of the robustness of the newly developed scheme in the presence of faults and disturbances is derived. Numerical simulation results on an aircraft example show satisfactory performance of the proposed algorithm.     

Backstepping-based active fault-tolerant control for a class of uncertain SISO nonlinear systems

Active fault-tolerant control is investigated for a class of uncertain SISO nonlinear flight control systems based on the adaptive observer, feedback linearization and backstepping theory. Firstly an adaptive observer is constructed to estimate the fault in the faulty system. A new fault updating law is presented to simplify the assumption conditions of the adaptive observer. The asymptotical stability of the observer and the uniform ultimate boundedness of the fault estimation error are guaranteed by Lyapunov theorem. Then a backstepping-based active fault-tolerant controller is designed for the faulty system. The asymptotical stability of the closed-loop system and uniform ultimate boundedness of the tracking error are proved based on Lyapunov theorem. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated through the numerical simulation of a flight control system.     

线性时滞系统的鲁棒故障诊断

研究了一类含有未知输入干扰和模型不确定性的时滞系统故障诊断问题。通过变换,原系统被分成两个子系统,一个子系统不受故障的影响,可以设计鲁棒观测器;另一个子系统受到故障的影响,但是它的状态可以通过测量得到。设计的观测器利用解析冗余方法能够对执行器故障和传感器故障进行诊断。仿真结果表明,算法具有良好的诊断性能。