水热合成纳米ZnO及其光催化性能研究

以ZnSO4为原料,采用水热法在180 ℃,1 MPa以下合成出了纳米ZnO,并就反应温度、反应时间、反应物浓度及物料配比等条件对产物的影响进行了探讨.XRD物相分析,产物为六方晶系;TEM形貌观察,粒子基本为球形,平均粒径30 nm;利用紫外-可见分光光度计测试了光吸收性能,发现纳米ZnO对200～380 nm波长范围的光有很强的吸收性,在可见光范围内,也有较强的吸收.利用纳米ZnO作为光催化剂对有机染料溶液进行了降解实验,发现在日光照射70 min后,对酸性黑234的降解率可达100%.     

负载型ZnO纳米晶的合成、表征及光催化特性

先通过射频磁控溅射技术在石英玻璃衬底上得到ZnO种子层,再采用水热合成的方法制备出负载型ZnO纳米晶,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、室温光致发光谱(PL)及冷场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)对ZnO纳米晶的物相结构、结晶质量及晶粒形貌进行表征.以亚甲基蓝(Methylene Blue, MB)为模型污染物,在紫外光的照射下考察了负载型ZnO纳米晶的光催化特性.实验结果表明负载型ZnO纳米晶粒径基本分布在(10-30) nm 范围内,具有良好的结晶质量且为六方纤锌矿结构.该体系对10 mg/L 的MB溶液,4 h 的降解率可达71%,外加适量的H2O2溶液,其降解率可提高到94%.     

Zn^2＋对电化学合成聚苯胺膜的影响

应用循环伏安法和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了ZnSO4对电化学合成聚苯胺(PAN)的影响．结果表明，在含0．1mol／L苯胺的1．0mol／L硫酸溶液中加入0．1～1．0mol／L的ZnSO4，能提高PAN膜的电沉积速度；Zn^2 还能使电聚合的PAN膜在1.0mol／LH2SO4溶液中的电化学降解速度降低，并导致PAN膜的表面呈现多孔状的形貌．     

溶剂热制备Co掺杂ZnO纳米花及其光催化降解甲基橙

采用简单的溶剂热法制备了ZnO纳米花状枝晶,枝晶主干长约400～500 nm,晶枝长约500～700 nm.利用XRD、SEM及EDS测试手段对ZnO纳米花进行物相、结构、形貌和成分表征的结果显示,ZnO纳米花为六方相纤锌矿结构,其中有少量钴的掺杂.所制备的ZnO纳米花对甲基橙溶液具有很好的光催化性能,在1.5 h光催化实验后,其降解率达到91.1%.     

钛交联蒙脱石纳米复合材料的研究

以提纯钠化后的精制钠基膨润土为基质(d001为1．23nm，)，以钛酸正丁酯[Ti(n-C4H9O)4]为钛源，制备一系列钛交联蒙脱石纳米复合材料(Ti-PILCs)，并对Ti/土比、H／Ti摩尔比等主要合成条件进行了讨论，XRD检测结果表明，以Ti(n-C4H9O)4为钛源，Ti/土=15mmol／g，H／Ti=2．5mol／mol，c(HCl)=5mol／L，室温下交联，可制得层间距d00．值达3．59nm的大孔结构Ti-PILCs．且比表面积可达409．1m^2／g。     

乳化-超声法纳米氧化锌的制备

以ZnSO4·7H2O和NH4HCO3为原料,利用乳化-超声法在常温下制备了多种粒径的氧化锌纳米微粒,并讨论了煅烧温度、反应物浓度及反应物浓度配比对颗粒大小以及结构的影响.XRD物相分析表明所制备的纳米氧化锌具有六方晶系纤锌矿结构.从TEM上来看,氧化锌纳米微粒直径大都在10-85 nm之间,在各种实验条件下制得的纳米ZnO粒径分布均匀,分散性好,呈球形.TG-DTA表明ZnCO3·2Zn(OH)2·H2O在300 ℃已经完全分解.同时表面活性剂Triton X-100和超声辐射均能明显改善纳米微粒的分散性.     

掺铁纳米ZnO粉体的软化学法合成及其表征

以ZnSO4、NH4HCO3、Fe2(SO4)3为原料,采用软化学合成法中的前驱物热分解法制备了不同掺杂量的纳米Fe3 -ZnO粉体.通过XRD对产物的晶体结构、晶粒大小进行了表征,并利用XRD、IR和TG-DTA对前驱物进行了表征.结果表明:前驱物为碱式碳酸锌Zn2(OH)2CO3,分解温度为300℃;产物为六方晶系纤锌矿ZnO,平均粒径在13.5 nm左右,掺杂的Fe3 已渗入到ZnO的晶格中.     

纳米ZnO的制备与表征

以ZnAc2.2H2O、(NH4)2CO3为原料,采用沉淀法制备了纳米ZnO.以TG-DTA、IR、XRD、TEM和BET等测试方法研究了纳米ZnO粉体的结构和形貌特性.结果表明,前驱物[Zn5(OH)6(CO3)2]经300℃焙烧2 h,得到的纳米ZnO为六方晶系,粒子为球形,最小晶粒约为5 nm,最大约为28 nm,大部分集中在16~20 nm之间,平均晶粒为19.4 nm,90%的纳米晶粒≤24 nm,粒度分布均匀,分散性良好.探讨了反应物浓度、物料配比和焙烧温度等对样品的影响.     

ZnO纳米板条的合成及其生长机理

采用水热法成功合成了ZnO纳米板条.XRD谱表明该条板六方晶系结构,格点对称群为P63 mc(186),格点参数a=3.249 (A),C=5.505 2 (A).SEM图表明该ZnO纳米板条的长度大约为20μm、宽度为50～300 nm,厚度约为30 nm.并详细介绍了合成ZnO纳米板条的实验过程及生长机理.分析结果表明ZnO纳米板条的形状与生长热系统的压力、温度、溶液的pH值以及锌在参加反应前的存在状态有关.     

制备ZnO晶须的影响因素及其紫外吸收性能

在高碱度条件下,以Zn Cl2和Na OH为主要原料,氟碳类表面活性剂FC-NO1为表面活性剂,采用低温液相恒温陈化法制备针状ZnO晶须。采用X线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)对ZnO晶须的结构、物相组成、形貌及紫外吸收能力进行表征。考察反应物料配比、Zn2+浓度、陈化温度及陈化时间对制备针状ZnO晶须的影响,并初步探讨针状ZnO晶须的成核和生长机制。结果表明:制备针状ZnO晶须的优化条件为初始浓度0.2~0.3 mol/L,反应物料配比c(Zn~(2+))∶c(OH-)=1∶7,陈化温度85℃,陈化时间5 h。在最优条件下制得了形貌良好、结晶完全、纯度较高、长径比为15左右的针状ZnO晶须。UV-Vis吸收光谱显示产物在整个紫外波段有很强的吸收能力,且出现了轻微的蓝移现象。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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