Reflex motility of the stomach evoked by electrical stimulation of the hepatic vagus nerve

Summary Electrical stimulation of the cranial end of the cut hepatic branch of the vagus nerve produced an increase in the motility of the empty stomach in the rat, whereas systemic injection of insulin produced a gradual increase in the motility.Acknowledgment. The authors are indebted to Dr K. Yamaguchi and Prof. A. Niijima for their encouragement of the project.     

The effects of cholinergic drugs on the motility of the alimentary canal ofBlennius pholis L.

Résumé Les effets des cholinesters sur les mouvements spontanés du tractus alimentaire sont étudiés sur des poissons intacts. L'acétylcholine et la métacholine sont sans effets. Par ailleurs, une concentration de 0,05 mg/kg de carbachol produit un accroissement du mouvement spontané. Des concentrations de 3 et 5 mg/kg d'atropine inhibe le mouvement.     

The effects of sodium and amiloride on the motility of the caudal epididymal spermatozoa of the rat

Summary The forward motility of the rat caudal epididymal spermatozoa has been studied in different Na⁺ concentrations. When spermatozoa were suspended in a completely Na⁺-free solution, the forward motility suffered a progressive fall and after 3 h was completely suppressed. This effect was fully reversible on resuspending the spermatozoa in a solution containing Na⁺. Amiloride caused a fall in motility and the effect was similar to that of Na⁺ removal. The inhibition by amiloride of the motility was concentration dependent and the dose response curve showed an IC₅₀-value of about 5×10^–5 M. The role of Na⁺ influx in the maintenance of sperm motility was discussed.This work was supported by the World Health Organization.The technical assistance of Mr C.M. Li and the gift of amiloride from Merck, Sharp and Dohme are gratefully acknowledged.     

The effect of pentagastrin on the A1-cells of the pancreatic islets in guinea-pigs

Zusammenfassung Meerschweinchen wurden für 5 Tage mit Pentagastrin injiziert und die Kerngrössen in den Pankreas-Inseln mit Karyometrie bestimmt. Die Kerne der A₁-Zellen nahmen in den behandelten Tieren am Anfang ab und schienen kleiner als in den Kontrollen. In den A₂-und B-Zellen wurden keine Veränderungen nach Pentagastrin notiert. Die Resultate stützen die Auffassung, dass Gastrin in den A₁-Zellen produziert wird.

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The work was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council No. B70-2297-03. The pentagastrin (Peptavlon) was kindly supplied by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI).     

Modification of the action of pentagastrin on acid secretion by botulinum toxin

Summary I.v. botulinum toxin after 60–90 min abolished the dose-response relationship between pentagastrin and gastric acid secretion in anesthetized rats and guinea-pigs. The toxin reduced but did not abolish the acid stimulatory effect of histamine. As expected, the acid response to vagal stimulation was abolished and that to methacholine in rats was unaltered by the toxin.Acknowledgment. We are grateful to the generosity of Dr Edward J. Schantz, Food Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, for the botulinum toxin used. — This research was supported by NIH grant 1 RO1 AM 17125, The Secretion of Pepsin.     

Modification of the action of pentagastrin on acid secretion by botulinum toxin.

I.v botulinum toxin after 60-90 min abolished the dose-response relationship between pentagastrin and gastric acid secretion in anesthetized rats and guinea-pigs. The toxin reduced but did not abolish the acid stimulatory effect of histamine. As expected, the acid response to vagal stimulation was abolished and that to methacholine in rats was unaltered by the toxin.     

The effect of isoxsuprine on the motility pattern of the isolated human myometrium

Zusammenfassung Isoxsuprine in einer Dosis zwischen 10 und 25 µg/ml Badflüssigkeit verursacht eine Hemmung der spontanen Beweglichkeit des isolierten nichtgraviden menschlichen Myometriums. Die Hemmung ist charakterisiert durch abgeschwächte Zusammenziehungen und durch verzögerte Entspannung. Ein Wechsel in der extrazellulären Kaliumkonzentration beeinflusst die Empfindlichkeit oder das Reaktionsmuster des Myometriums gegen Isoxsuprine nicht.

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Financial support from the Lalor Foundation is thankfully acknowledged; as well as the skilful technical assistance of MissA. Wallbrink.     

The effect of the gastrointestinal hormones on small intestinal motility and blood flow

Zusammenfassung Nachweis, dass Pentagastrin und CCK, in physiologischen Dosen bei der Katze infundiert, nur geringfügige Durchblutungseffekte im Dünndarmgebiet zeigen, während Sekretin über einen offenbar verschiedenen Mechanismus die Durchblutung erhöht.     

Motor profile of the ruminant colon: hard vs soft faeces production

Summary The spiral colon, despite its similarity in ovine and bovine species is only the site of pellet formation in sheep. This peculiarity is associated with a permanent and localized contractile activity of the ovine spiral colon instead of 5-min periods of continuous activity migrating slowly aborally in cattle.     

Effects of Avermectin Bla on the motility of various parasitic helminths

Summary Using an isotonic transducer recently devised in Japan, it was observed that Avermectin Bla, a new anthelmintic, caused paralyzing effects onAngiostrongylus cantonensis andMetastrongylus elongatus at concentrations of more than 3.6×10^–18 M.     

The origin of the action potential in frog stomach muscle and heart

Zusammenfassung Das Aktionspotential von Herz- und Magenmuskulatur des Frosches scheint nicht vom Einund Ausstoss der Ionen, sondern vom elektronischen Aufbau der Zellmembran abhängig zu sein.     

The activation of rat stomach histidine decarboxylase is independent of the histamine level

Zusammenfassung Nach wiederholter Pentagastrin-Injektion wurde ein progressiver Anstieg der gastrischen Histidin-Decarboxylase-Aktivität in nüchternen Ratten gefunden. Nach anfänglicher Abnhame steigt der gastrische Histaminspiegel und erreicht nach 12 stündiger Behandlung Normalwerte, was beweist, dass die pentagastrininduzierte Aktivierung der Enzymaktivität vom Histaminspiegel unabhängig ist.

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Grant support from the Swedish Medical Research Council No. B71-14X-1007-06C, the Medical Faculty of Lund and the Albert Påhlsson Foundation.