一种基于神经网络的小波域音频水印算法

提出了一种基于小波分解和神经网络的数字音频水印算法，先对音频信号进行小波分解，将数字水印嵌入到音频信号的小波域低频重要系数中，同时通过调整多层前馈神经网络的权重逼近原始音频信号与数字水印之间的关系，然后在接收端用训练好的神经网络提取水印。实验结果表明，嵌入水印的音频信号没有明显的听觉失真；经过噪声干扰，低通滤波，有损压缩，重新采样等信号处理后，相关函数检测具有显著的二值分布特征，且相关系数均达到0．72以上，与其他方法相比，该算法在提取水印时无需原始音频信号，具有运算量低和鲁棒性强等优点。     

一种基于基音周期估计的音频水印算法

提出了一种水印信号与载体信号均为语音的数字音频水印算法．主要由用混沌序列对音频水印加密，基于载体信号基音周期估计确定水印嵌入位置和根据量化步长△确定水印嵌入强度等关键步骤所组成．仿真结果表明，该算法不仅具有较好的透明性，而且也对叠加噪声、低通滤波、重新采样等攻击具有较好的鲁棒性．     

基于扩频序列嵌入水印的音频信号研究

提出了一种基于扩频序列的音频水印新算法。利用随机序列将水印序列扩展，通过小波变换将水印信号嵌入到二层小波变换的中频系数中，因为嵌入时，利用的是小波系数多者之间的联系，所以在接收端，利用盲检测就可以将水印信号提取出来。实验结果表明该算法对原音频信号的影响极小，并且对于各种音频操作和人为攻击具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于扩频序列嵌入水印的音频信号研究

提出了一种基于扩频序列的音频水印新算法。利用随机序列将水印序列扩展，通过小波变换将水印信号嵌入到二层小波变换的中频系数中，因为嵌入时，利用的是小波系数多者之间的联系，所以在接收端，利用盲检测就可以将水印信号提取出来。实验结果表明该算法对原音频信号的影响极小，并且对于各种音频操作和人为攻击具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于人类听觉系统的DCT域数字音频脆弱水印算法

以离散余弦变换(DCT)及人类听觉系统(HAS)为基础,提出了一种将二值灰度图像(水印图像)嵌入到数字音频信号的脆弱水印算法.该算法首先对二值水印图像进行置乱变换并编码成一维二进制序列,再对数字音频信号进行分段处理并择段作离散余弦变换(DCT),最后依据人类听觉系统选择DCT域中高频系数进行量化完成水印信息的嵌入.实验结果表明:该数字音频水印算法不仅具有较好的透明性,而且对诸如叠加噪声、有损压缩、低通滤波、重新采样、重新量化等攻击均具有较好的鲁棒性.     

一种基于倒谱域的盲检测音频水印算法

为解决水印不可感知性和鲁棒性的矛盾,研究水印的嵌入方法非常必要。本文在复倒谱性质基础上,提出了一种盲检测数字音频水印算法。通过对复倒谱系数进行适当的变换,按照一定的方法将一幅二值灰度图像嵌入到原始音频中,从而最大程度地保持音频水印的不可听性和鲁棒性。     

基于盲源分离理论和人类听觉掩蔽效应的数字音频水印方法

将盲源分离理论应用于数字音频水印技术,以达到在宿主信号未知的情况下分离出嵌入水印信号的目的;把生成混沌序列的初始值和宿主信号的时、频掩蔽信号作为密钥信息,生成嵌入水印信号,充分保证了水印检测的安全性;引入人类听觉系统(human auditory system,HAS)掩蔽效应的概念,使嵌入水印信号完全自适应于宿主信号,以提高算法的鲁棒性.实验结果表明,嵌入水印的音频信号没有明显的听觉失真,满足了音频水印不可听性的要求;经过低通滤波、重采样、添加噪声、剪切和mp3压缩等攻击后,嵌入水印信号和分离出的水印信号之间的相关函数较进行频域和时域掩蔽作用之前,具有更加明显的二值分布特征,算法的鲁棒性明显优于掩蔽作用之前;同时,该方法无需外加同步信息,就可以取得良好的同步效果.     

基于内容的自适应量化数字音频盲水印算法

现有量化调制音频水印技术普遍采纳了均匀量化策略,其不仅需要结合大量实验确定量化步长。而且难以保证不可感知性与鲁棒性的良好平衡．以模糊聚类分析理论为基础．提出了一种自适应量化小波域数字音频盲水印算法．该算法能够结合数字音频局部特征．利用模糊聚类分析自适应确定量化步长,并在小波域内将水印信号嵌入到音频数据段的低频分量中．仿真实验表明,所提出的算法不仅具有较好的不可感知性．而且对于叠加噪声、重新采样、重新量化、低通滤波、MP3压缩等音频处理与攻击均具有较好的鲁棒性．     

基于均值量化的音频脆弱水印算法研究

为了达到对音频内容保护的目的，提出一种新颖音频脆弱水印嵌入算法．首先给出了均值量化（mean-quantization）方法嵌入水印比特信息的基本原理，在此基础上提出了数字音频信号的水印嵌入算法．该算法在对数字音频信号作离散余弦变换基础上，充分利用均值量化的优势，将视觉可辨的水印一二值图像嵌入离散余弦变换的交流系数中，实现了脆弱性水印嵌入音频信号中．实验结果表明，提出的音频脆弱水印算法对常见的音频信号处理具有很好的脆弱性．     

基于听觉模型的自适应音频数字水印盲检算法

提出了分段同步的音频数字水印盲检新算法 .利用伪随机序列PN(pseudo randomnoise)扩频和二相相移键控BPSK(Bi phaseshiftkeying)技术调制水印 ,并基于听觉模型生成不可听觉的水印 .水印在频域嵌入 ,提取时不需要原始音频 ,仅需与嵌入时相同的PN序列密钥即可 .提出的抵制去同步攻击的分段同步音频水印检测方法 ,可有效提取和恢复嵌入的有意义二值水印图像 .实验结果表明 ,该算法对一般信号处理类操作都具鲁棒性 ,并可有效抵制随机裁剪、MP3(MPEGaudiolayer3)压缩、替换等去同步的攻击 .     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with