权值直接确定的三角型模糊前向神经网络

为了确定前向神经网络的网络结构,提出了一种基于采样数据的含单隐层神经元的模糊前向神经网络,反映了构造数据所蕴含的系统信息,其隐层神经元激励函数选择为三角型隶属函数和构造数据相应输出的乘积。该网络模型可以随采样数据的多少自主选择构造数据,自主设定隐层神经元,利用权值直接确定法得到网络最优权值。数值仿真实验表明,相比于现有文献的已有网络模型,模糊前向神经网络具有逼近精度高、网络结构可调、较好的预测性和实时性高的优点。     

基于Chebyshev神经网络的衍生算法

根据辨识对象,神经网络的输入层和输出层神经元的个数易于确定,而隐层数和隐层神经元个数难以确定.借助于生物的生长发育知识,在正交基函数神经网络的基础上提出衍生算法,该算法的基本思想是先选取较少个数的隐层神经元作为初始发育细胞,训练K次后,如果目标函数J不再变化且大于给定的ε,则网络自动衍生,以上过程反复进行,直至J小于等于ε,则停止衍生和训练.仿真实验表明,该算法在训练过程中改善了收敛速度,并自动调整网络的拓扑结构,解决了隐含神经元个数难以确定的问题且具有优良的逼进任意非线性特性的能力.图2,表2,参7.     

利用BP神经网络对大直径SHPB杆弥散效应的修正研究

通过找出其隐式函数关系,误差反向传播神经网络可以实现输入和输出间的任意映射.采用BP神经网络和瞬态有限元计算,确定了大直径SHPB杆弥散效应的隐式传递函数,对弥散效应进行了修正,讨论了网络隐层的神经元个数对网络映射的影响.     

一种新的前馈神经网络删剪算法

前馈神经网络中隐层神经元的个数与它的学习和泛化能力密切相关.通过广义逆矩阵算法解决最小二乘问题改进神经网络自构行学习算法,得到一种新的前馈神经网络删剪算法.将新算法用于已经训练好的大型网络,能删剪“冗余”的隐层神经元,得到一个最精简的神经网络.此精简的神经网络不需要重新训练仍能保持原有的性能,并且泛化能力很好.仿真实例说明此算法的有效性和可行性.     

新的组合激活函数BP网络模型研究

作者提出了一种新的BP神经网络模型，其隐层激活函数采用中心参数可调的Gaussian函数，输出层采用斜度可调的Sigmoid函数，从而神经元具有了更强的信息存储、处理能力。由于采用组合函数，将Gaussian函数良好的局部性和Sigmoid函数良好的全局性相结合，提高了神经网络的收敛速度。几个典型实验的结果表明，与传统BP网络模型相比，新网络模型在学习能力和泛化推广能力方面都有明显提高。     

粗糙集和神经网络相融合的钻井安全评价模型

针对动态性、随机性和不确定性较强的钻井作业现场,开展了安全评价的研究。提出了一种基于粗糙集和BP神经网络对作业现场进行安全评价的方法。首先以粗糙集为基础来构建BP神经网络的前置系统,对采集到的样本数据进行属性约简。其次,根据约简结果以及作业当天的事故情况完成了BP神经网络输入层和输出层的设计,并根据输入层和输出层神经元的个数通过试凑法确定网络隐含层的神经元数量范围,并采用训练样本对不同神经元个数所对应的网络模型进行训练,选择网络误差最低的网络作为所构建的网络模型。最后,选取16 d的测试样本对网络进行验证,将网络的输出同作业现场的实际结果进行比较,有14 d的网络结果与实际结果相符,测试准确率达到了87.5%。     

多维特征空间中模式分类神经网络的一种设计方法

提出了一种在多维空间Ｒｎ中模式分类神经网络设计的新方法。可确定网络的拓扑结构，包括隐层、隐元个数及连接权系数。特别是由于二次阈值神经元的特例——超球面阈值神经元的使用，对特征空间Ｒｎ的分割比使用超平面阈值神经元时需利用Ｖｏｒｏｎｏｉ图进行凸区域分割简便的多。因而设计成的神经网络结构清楚直观。     

基于神经网络的光伏电站气象-功率模型

基于双层前馈神经网络建立光伏电站输出功率与辐照等气象因素间的非机理模型。建立光伏电站输出功率与气象因素的神经网络模型;对功率模型的输入特征进行选择,分析不同气象因素的组合作为输入变量对模型准确度的影响,明确功率模型的输入变量;分析该模型网络的训练算法、隐含层神经元个数及训练次数对模型准确度的影响,据此确定功率模型的最优结构与参数;基于光伏电站的实际数据对功率模型进行验证。结果表明,基于双层前馈神经网络的光伏电站气象-功率模型具有较高的准确度。     

基于BP神经网络的行人和自行车交通识别方法

研究了基于BP神经网络的行人和自行车识别方法.首先对图像提取4个特征,形成特征向量作为BP神经网络的输入;然后设计BP神经网络的结构,网络输出为对行人和自行车的识别;为了确定BP神经网络合理的隐层神经元数目,分别对不同隐层神经元数目的神经网络进行了实验分析.最后利用实测的数据对BP神经网络进行训练、仿真实验,并对实验结果进行分析;结果表明:最佳网络的正确识别率为84%,行人和自行车的正确识别率分别为89%和71%.     

多项式前向神经网络

提出了一种新型的前向神经网络模型-多项式神经网络。该网络具有三层结构,隐层、输出层神经元激活函数分别为：f(x)=x^p和线性函数,网络隐层-输出层的权值采取最速下降法学习,输入层-隐层的权值采用遗传算法进行学习;网络学习时,其误差函数单调递减,学习算法具有较好的收敛性;该网络能逼近任意的连续函数,且具有较好的稳定性,应用实例表明该网络的性能是优良的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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