一种新超声波测距系统的设计

介绍了一种合作式超声波测距系统,实现超声波点对点的测量,并采用DS18820测温,减小了温度对超声波传播速度的影响。     

高精度智能化超声波液体流量计的研制

利用超声波原理可以做到对液体进行非接触式测量．本文讨论了基于超声波原理的流量计方案选择，从硬件和软件方面介绍了研究工作，经试运行与校验测试，研制了高精度、与介质种类和温度变化无关的具有实用价值的超声波液体流量计．     

动态式跟踪及其在非接触测温中的应用

本文推出了一种能够对热目标在一维方向上进行动态式跟踪的系统．作为一种应用，文章介绍了这一系统用于对运动物件进行非接触测温的方法．动态式跟踪技术体现了一种新颖的自动测控思路．     

基于虚拟仪器的超声测厚仪的研制

运用虚拟仪器技术,结合超声波发射/采集卡开发了一种新的超声波测厚仪,并设计了自动测厚算法,测量结果表明:新的超声波测厚仪能够自动、精确地完成厚度测量.     

在单相介质中超声多普勒效应的应用研究

普通的超声波多勒流量计可测含有固体颗粒或气泡的流体，可在许多条件特殊的流量检测中应用，但不能在单相介质中应用，这极大地限制了它的应用范围．文中提出利用功率超声波激发单相介质流体而产生暂存性散射源，从而解决了这个传统的难题，大大拓展了超声波多普勒流体参量测量技术的应用领域．     

可预置报警数据的单片机测温测距系统

本系统以AT89S52单片机为核心,采用了超声波和温度传感器技术实现对距离和温度信息的采集,系统可以预置报警数据,并与上位机进行实时通信,测量结果通过液晶显示,操作界面友好。该系统成本低廉,经测试,测距范围可达0.01m~10m,误差在0.25%以内,温度测量精度可达0.1℃,可广泛应用于多种测温测距数据采集场合。     

基于PN结的电子测温

温度是表征物体冷热程度的物理量，对它的测量与控制有十分重要的意义。由此作者提出设计一种基于PN结的工业通用的CAN总线标准的测温系统，该系统通过PN结温度传感器采集信号，是能自动监测被测对象的温度的测温系统。     

超声波测距仪在汽车安全系统中的应用

基于超声波测距的原理，利用单片机技术设计了一套系统，实现在行驶过程中一旦出现前后车距小于安全距离、对人车安全构成威胁时，车辆自动报警、自动刹车的功能，起到减少交通事故发生的目的．文章主要介绍基于AT89C51单片机的超声波测距系统，阐述了超声测距系统的硬件电路构成、工作原理及软件设计方法．     

超声波在液压缸中传播的声压变化分析

简述了衰减系数的定义和在液体中的衰减系数公式，给出了衰减系数与温度、声压衰减数与测量距离的关系曲线，推出了在液压缸中超声波的衰减公式，提出了一种在测距系统中选择超声波频率的方法。     

超声波电机驱动源的频率跟踪

针对超声波电机工作时对驱动源的特殊要求,设计了一种新颖的具有自动频率跟踪功能的超声波电机驱动源,结合理论公式和ＬＣ谐振曲线阐明了驱动源的物理工作条件,实验证明,该方案能够跟踪超声 电机工作点的变化,使其保持良好的工作状态。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with