N—取代全氟聚醚芳酰胺的分子结构特性

采用量子化学方法，全优化计算了6个含N杂芳烃全氟聚醚抗氧抗腐添加剂的平衡几何构型，探讨了这些化合物的结构特征，研究发现，这些添加剂氟醚链上的氟原子带有较多的负电荷，并形成带有负电荷的氟醚链。苯酰胺和氮杂环状部分为平面结构。6个添加剂的HOMO均为π-分子轨道，由共轭大π-键的离域性和HOMO的反应活性预测结果表明，不饱和的共轭体系不仅能与氧自由基结合，还因共轭体系的孤对电子更易转移而与金属形成配位键和化学吸附膜，添加剂的电子结构性质展示出了抗氧抗腐蚀作用。     

全氟聚乙醚表面活性剂的结构和亲水性质的量子化学研究

采用量子化学从头算方法研究了全氟聚乙醚羧酸及其负离子的平衡几何构型以及负离子的二水合物和四水合物的氢键作用能 ,探讨了羧酸根—COO-的亲水性质。计算发现 ,氟原子均带有负电荷 ,并包围C—C—O链形成带有负电荷的氟醚链 ;且—COO-是一个很强的亲水基 ,能与 2个或 4个水分子生成很强的氢键 ,水合作用能分别为 - 188.2 42kJ/mol和 - 2 2 6 311kJ/mol。     

全氟聚乙醚表面活性剂的结构和亲水性质的量子化学研究

采用量子化学从头算方法研究了全氟聚乙醚羧酸及其负离子的平衡几何构型以及负离子的二水合物和四水合物的氢键作用能,探讨了羧酸根－COO^-的亲水性质,计算发现,氟原子均带有负电荷,并包围C－C－0链形成带有负电荷的氟醚链,且－COO^-是一个很强的亲水基,能与2个或4个水分子生成很强的氢键,水合作用能分别为－188.242kJ/mol和－226.311kJ/mol.     

聚丙烯腈PAN结构链的密度泛函理论研究

在HF/STO-3g基础上,利用密度泛函B3P86方法,选用6-311g基组,对聚丙烯腈PAN的结构链进行了理论研究.在结构优化方面,主链CC平均键长0.154 1 nm,属于sp3型杂化.支链CC平均键长0.146 0 nm.CN平均键长0.115 7 nm.电荷分布方面,计算得出,主链C原子带较强的负电荷,N原子带负电荷,相对较弱.H原子带较强的正电荷,是和N原子相连的C原子所带正电荷的3倍多.最后分析了结构链的振动模式.     

Synthesis and characterization of novel poly (phthalazinone ether ketone)s containing alkyl pendants

目的合成既具有好的溶解性又具有优异的热稳定性的聚(二氮杂萘酮醚酮)。方法通过分子设计,将烷基取代基引入到聚(二氮杂萘酮醚酮)的分子链中。结果通过芳基亲核取代缩聚反应合成一系列带有烷基取代基的新型聚(二氮杂萘酮醚酮)。这种聚(二氮杂萘酮醚酮)室温下可全溶于NMP,DMAc,DMF,Py,CHCl3等极性溶剂中。在氮气中,10%失重高于454℃,玻璃化转变温度范围为208～236℃。结论该方法适宜于将来高性能工程塑料的合成。     

醚键催化断裂的反应

本文根据电子效应、空间效应、杂化轨道理论，阐明了醚的结构、性质．着重介绍各类开链醚在强酸催化下断键反应的活性及取向     

新型苯基醚类苯并呋喃衍生物的合成

以水杨醛与2-溴-4’-氟苯乙酮为原料,合成2-(4-氟苯甲酰基)苯并呋喃,进一步与酚反应,合成得到6个新的苯基醚类苯并呋喃衍生物(2a~2f),其结构经IR、1H NMR和13C NMR进行了表征.     

全氟磺酸再生树脂的微结构和热性能

利用红外光谱分析了再生全氟磺酸(PFSA)树脂的结构,比较了酸型PFSA再生树脂(PFSA-H)和钠型PFSA再生树脂(PFSA-N a)的微观结构,利用酸碱滴定的方法测定了再生PF-SA树脂离子交换容量(IEC),利用热重法、微商热重法及差示扫描量热法等研究了PFSA再生树脂的热性能。结果表明:PFSA再生树脂中的磺酸根(—SO3-)、侧链中的醚结构(C—O—C)及碳氟主链骨架(CF2)等特征基团都与Dupont公司的N afion膜的PFSA的分子结构一致;PFSA再生树脂溶液中未发现F-8020型全氟离子交换膜中全氟羧酸层树脂;每摩尔交换基团所对应的PFSA再生树脂的质量(EW)达到1 130,接近Dupont公司产品N afion117的相应性能参数。热分析结果表明:PFSA-N a再生树脂的起始分解温度410°C左右;酸型树脂的起始分解温度200°C左右,且PFSA-H再生树脂的分解过程主要分为3个阶段:200~250°C、250~375°C和375~550°C。     

亚硫酸钠对碱性硫脲稳定作用的构效关系

依据分子力学理论 ,采用HYPERCHEM6 .0化学计算软件 ,结合红外光谱的分析结果 ,研究了硫脲和亚硫酸钠的结构与碱性硫脲稳定性之间的“构效关系” .结果表明 :水溶液中硫脲易产生同分异构体而存在碳氮双键 ;在酸性介质中 ,硫脲分子易与氢形成硫氢键 ,降低了硫原子的最高占据分子轨道 (HOMO)能量 ,使其较为稳定 ;而在碱性介质中 ,硫脲分子不易形成硫氢键 ,硫原子的HOMO能量明显高于酸性介质中相应值 ,硫脲极不稳定 ;亚硫酸根的加入 ,通过氢键与碱性硫脲分子粘接 ,形成稳定的环状结构 ,在不改变硫脲分子性质的前提下 ,降低了硫脲分子中硫原子的HOMO能量 ,增加了硫脲的稳定性 .由此推断 ,碱性硫脲的高效稳定剂能降低硫原子的HOMO的能量 ,但要满足 2个条件 :在碱性介质中易与硫脲分子形成硫氢键 ;与硫脲分子形成稳定的环状结构 .     

有机化合物的结构与颜色

有机化合物的结构与颜色赵迎娣（天津轻工业学院基础科系）１８７６年维特（Ｗｉｌｔ）提出发色基学说：认为具有下列结构特征的有机化合物就有颜色：（１）在分子结构中有连结形成的共轭体系。（２）在连结的共轭体系中，含有１个或２个不饱和基团，如：这些不饱和基团，...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-