Nuclear blebs in oocytes of the fishClarias batrachus

Summary Large nuclear blebs have been observed in oocytes of the fish,Clarias batrachus. The bleb, which contains nucleoplasm, is finally extruded from the nucleus. The extruded body is DNase-sensitive, and it implies that some amount of DNA is extruded from the nucleus of these oocytes.Acknowledgments. We are thankful to Dr. R.K. Sharan, Department of Zoology, Patna University, for providing laboratory facilities, and to Dr V.G. Jhingran and Dr P.V. Dehadrai of ICAR for their keen interest in the work.     

Collagen synthesis of cultured fibroblast from Werner's syndromes of premature aging

Summary The difference of collagen producibility between 2 groups of skin fibroblasts from patients with Werner's syndrome with skin change and with normal skin, and the difference of collagen accumulation to cell layer between skin fibroblast from Werner's syndrome and controls were studied.Acknowledgments. We are grateful to Dr M. Ohkido and Dr I. Matsuo of the Department of Dermatology of Tokai University for their supply of materials and generous advice and Mr K. Takeichi of the Department of Pathology of Tokai University for his technical assistance.     

Paroxysmal discharges in the electroencephalogram of the El mouse

Summary The spike discharges in the EEG of the El mouse, a seizure-susceptible strain, were recorded during convulsive seizures. This fact provides evidence that those seizures are really epileptic convulsions.I thank Dr.K. Imaizumi and Dr.K. Nakano of National Institute of Health for their sharing the strain of El mouse to us and MissY. Nakamoto and Mr.N. Ozawa for their technical assistance and Mr.K. Moriyama for his care for the mice, and also thank Dr. H.Narabayashi for his criticism on this paper.     

Attraction ofScolytus scolytus (F.) to the components of Multilure,the aggregation pheromone ofS. multistriatus (Marsham) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

Summary The attraction ofS. scolytus to the components of Multilure is described. 4-Methyl-3-heptanol is an attractant which is synergised bya-cubebene. Multistriatin appears to be an inhibitor. A combination of 4-methyl-3-heptanol and cubeb oil is more effective as a bait forS. scolytus than Multilure.We thank Mr A. K. Hughes and Mr J. Boswell for their cooperation in allowing us to conduct experiments on Parham Estate; Mr D. Mobbs and Mr C. Thorne for the statistical analyses; Dr J. W. Peacock for samples of mixed isomers of multistriatin and distilled cubeb oil; Mrs J. Allsop and Mr N. J. Fielding for technical assistance. We are grateful to Mr D. Bevan, Dr J. H. Borden, Dr J. F. Grove and Prof. A. W. Johnson for their interest and encouragement.     

In vitro inactivation of corpora allata of the bugOncopeltus fasciatus by precocene II

Summary Corpora allata fromOncopeltus fasciatus incubated in vitro in medium containing 10^–5.35 M (1 g/ml) of precocene II lose their ability to secrete juvenile hormone when reimplanted into last instar larvae.Acknowledgments. We thank Mr K. Dorn, Mrs L. Dolezal, Mrs V. Nötzli-Graf, Mr K.H. Trautmann and Mr A. Schuler for technical help, Dr W. Vogel and Dr A. Dübendorfer for valuable discussions.     

Influences of dehydroepiandrosterone acetate on ovarian oocytes in mature cycling rats

Summary Degeneration of ovarian oocytes occurred to a remarkable extent in rats with polycystic ovaries induced by dehydroepiandrosterone acetate (DHA-Ac) administration. The ratio of degeneration oocytes, compared with the total oocytes examined, finally exceeded 70%.We thank Mrs M. Aikawa and Miss R. Araki for laboratory assistance, and Dr K. Araki and the Institute of Animal Experiments for other help.     

An analysis of the distribution of the myelinated nerve fibers in the optic fascicle of a Beagle dog

Summary The composition of both optic fascicles of a Beagle dog was studied in topographically oriented, semithin transections of whole nerve stained with toluidine blue. About 165,000 myelinated fibers were present in each nerve, their maximum caliber reaching 11 m; large, less densely arranged fibers occurred especially in the dorso-temporal region.We are grateful to Dr D.C. Naylor, Mrs K. Schnider, Mr F. da Silva and Mr K. Traber for their aid.     

Electronmicroscopic identification of type C particles in cultured murine neuroblastoma

Summary Monolayer of murine neuroblastoma were treated with dexamethasone and examined by electronmicroscopy. Most of the treated cells were morphologically differentiated and exhibited type C virus particles which were budding from the cell surface. This in vitro system may be of great value for exploring the oncogenic potential of the virus, and its possible role in cell differentiation.Acknowledgments. The authors wish to thank Dr K.N. Prasad, Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Medical Center, for providing the NBP₂ clone, and Mr P. Reimann for photographic assistance. This research was supported in part by NIH Grant NS 11650 to T.H.W.     

Karyotypes of several frogs from Korea,Taiwan and the Philippines

Summary Rana amurensis coreana, R. plancyi chosenica, R. latouchii, R. narina andOoeidozyga laevis have 2n=26 chromosomes,R. kuhlii has 2n=22, andKaloula picta has 2n=28. Males ofR. narina have a conspicuous heteromorphic pair, No. 8, which might play a rôle in sex-determination.Supported in part by a grant from the Japan-American Scholarship Foundation.I wish to thank Dr H.K. Kim, Dr Y.-S. Liang, Dr V. Samson-Carino, Mr C.-S. Wang, Mr P.S. Lin and Mr B. Durusan for their aid in every aspect during the collecting trips.     

A Laser-Doppler-Velocimeter using an optical fiber and its application to local velocity measurement in the coronary artery

Summary A Laser-Doppler-Velocimeter with an optical fiber has been developed to measure arterial blood velocity accurately in a small sample volume. After fundamental experiments to evaluate the accuracy of the present method, blood flow velocity was measured in canine coronary arteries.Acknowledgment. We thank Dr J. Koyama, Vice President of the Institute of Electronics and Communication Engineering of Japan, for his keen interest and continuous encouragement throughout the work. Thanks are also due to Dr H. Kita for English revision, and Dr K. Mito and Mr O. Hiramatsu for their excellent technical assistance. This investigation was supported by the Grants from the Ministry of Education of Japan (No. 521125 and No. 337049 and No. 587008).     

Mast cells in the pinna of Balb/c ‘nude’ (nu/nu) and heterozygotes (nu/+) mice

Summary The relative number of mast cells in the ear lobes' skin (pinna) of nude (athymic) nu/nu and normal (thymic) nu/+ heterozygotes of Balb/c mice was similar. The results obtained contradict some suggestions about the general influence of the thymus on the number of mast cells in the skin and suggest the existence of some local factor(s) in regulation of skin mast cell numbers.This work was supported by grant No. CA16426.The author wishes to thank Dr Kenneth Morrison for supplying the mice and the discussion, Mr Duffy Michowski for taking care of the animals used, Mr Carl Polley for taking the pictures and Dr N. R. Rose for the discussion.     

3,5-Dibromo-2′-chloro-4′-isothiocyanatosalicylanilide,a potent anthelminitic

Summary The compound, 3,5-dibromo-2-chloro-4-isothiocyanatosalicylanilide, has been tested against various nematode and cestode parasites in experimental and domestric animals. It shoved 100% activity againstAncylostoma ceylanicum, A. tubaeformis, Syphacia obvelata, Ascaridia galli, Toxocara spp.,Toxascaris sp.,Gnathostoma spinigerum, Hymenolepis nana, Raillietina spp. andTaenia spp. in doses 25–70 mg/kg given in single or multiple administrations.Acknowledgments. We express sincere thanks to Dr Nitya Nand, F.N.A., CDRI, Lucknow, for his keen interest in the work, to Dr B. N. Dhawan, F.N.A. for providing informations about general pharmacology of the compound, and to Dr R. K. Chatterjee and Dr P. K. Murthy for carrying out antifilarial sreening. Technical assistance of Mr S. C. Bhar and Mr S. Ram is acknowledged.     

A scanning electron microscopic study of the air and blood capillaries of the lung of the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus)

Summary Air and blood capillaries of the lung of the domestic fowl constitute the functional gas exchange units. They anastomose profusely and interlace with each other in 3 dimensions. Air capillaries are not blind-ending tubules as has occasionally been suggested. I am most grateful to: Mr K. Veltkamp for aid with SEM, Dr M.A. Abdalla for help with injections, Prof. A.S. King for critical suggestions, Mr J. Geary for aid with photography.     

Two derivatives of farnesylacetone from the brown algaCystophora moniliformis

Summary Farnesylacetone epoxide (3) and the isomeric diketone (4) have been isolated from the brown algaCystophora moniliformis.Acknowledgment. We thank Dr K. Noack for CD measurements and interpretations and Mr K. Harada for algal identification.     

Bacterial bioluminescence in chlorophthalmid deep-sea fish: A possible interrelationship between the light organ and the eyes

Summary A small perianal light organ was found on a ventral part of the body of Chlorophthalmus spp. Simple tests, histological preparations and bacterial culture of the luminous contents clearly indicated that the luminous substance consists of symbiotic bacteria. The unique eyes of Chlorophthalmus spp. suggests a possible interrelationship between the eyes and the newly observed light organ.I thank Drs T. Tamura, E. J. Denton, O. Munk, M. Okiyama, K. Suzuki, M. Oguri, T. Tonoue and Mr H. Niwa for their constant guidances and their invaluable helps. This study was started by the stimulative conversation with Dr Yata Haneda. I would like to present the paper to him for the celebration of the perfect recovery of his health.     

A method for demonstrating zinc content of the brain using 2-carboxy-2′-hydroxy-5′-sulfoformazylbenzene perfusion-staining

Summary A rapid accurate method for histochemical localization of zinc in the rat brain, utilizing 2-carboxy-2-hydroxy-5-sulfoformazylbenzene perfusion-staining, is described.Acknowledgment. The author is grateful to Dr S. H. Zaidi, Director, I.T.R.C., Lucknow, for permission to use the atomic absorption spectrophotometer and to Mr M. I. Siddiqi, Mr M. Z. Hasan, Mr Mujir and Mr B. Z. K. Sherwani for the technical assistance.     

3H-Thymidine incorporation (DNA synthesis) and radiotoxicity in the ovary of the Japanese quail before and during follicle formation

Summary No evidence was found for ribosomal DNA amplification in the oocytes of the Japanese quail, before or during folliculogenesis. DNA synthesis in the somatic cells, involved in follicle formation, starts at the medullar side of the basement membrane. The localized sterilization of the quail ovary after administration of³H-thymidine (³H-TdR) seems to be due to radiation-induced lesions in the follicle forming somatic cells, rather than to direct radiation damage of the oocyte.The author is very grateful to Prof. Dr L. Vakaet, R.U.C.A.—Antwerpen, for his valuable suggestions and to Mrs D. De Wolf-Van Rompaey for her excellent technical assistance.     

Localization of cholesterol in the Golgi apparatus of cardiac muscle cells

Summary Filipin (a polyene) interacts with cholesterol in membranes, producing distinctive deformations that can be detected by freeze-fracture. The distribution of filipin-induced deformations in the Golgi apparatus of cardiac myocytes suggests a role for this organelle in the transformation of cholesterol-poor membrane to cholesterol-rich membrane.Acknowledgments. This work was supported by a grant (No. 779) from the British Heart Foundation. I thank Dr E. Massey and Mr A. Slade for their help. Filipin was generously donated by Upjohn Ltd, Crawley, Sussex, U.K.     

Studies on Plant extracts with juvenile hormone activity. Effects ofIris ensata Thamb. (Iridaceae) onDysdercus koenigii F. (Pyrrochoridae)

Zusammenfassung Acetonextrakt aus Wurzeln und Rhizomen vonIris ensata hemmen die Metamorphose vonDysdercus koenigii. Adultoide sind schwach fortpflanzungsfähig.

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Acknowledgments: The authors are thankful to Dr.K. Ganapathi, Director, and Dr.A. Husain, Chairman, Discipline of Agricultural Sciences, Regional Research Laboratory, Jammu-Tawi, for the facilities provided for this work. Thanks are also due to Mr.Y. K. Sarin, Incharge, Plant Collection Unit, of the same laboratory for she identification and collection of the plant material.     

Testicular Leydig cells and 277-1277-1277-1dehydrogenase in cadmium-treated toads (Bufo melanostictus)

Summary Injection of cadmium chloride in toad increased Leydig cell size (area) and ₅-3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in the testis.Acknowledgments. We would like to express our thanks to Dr C. Deb, Head of the Department of Physiology, Calcutta University, for his constant encouragement and Mr R. K. Bhattacharya, Microphotographer, Department of Physiology, for his kind cooperation. This work was supported by U. G. C. Teachers' Grants, New Delhi.