A software reliability growth model for component-based software incorporating debugging delay and imperfect debugging

In view of the problems and the weaknesses of component-based software(CBS) reliability modeling and analysis,and a lack of consideration for real debugging circumstance of integration testing,a CBS reliability process analysis model is proposed incorporating debugging time delay,imperfect debugging and limited debugging resources.CBS integration testing is formulated as a multiqueue multichannel and finite server queuing model(MMFSQM) to illustrate fault detection process(FDP) and fault correction process(FCP).A unified FCP is sketched,given debugging delay,the diversities of faults processing and the limitations of debugging resources.Furthermore,the impacts of imperfect debugging on fault detection and correction are explicitly elaborated,and the expressions of the cumulative number of fault detected and corrected are illustrated.Finally,the results of numerical experiments verify the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed model.By comparison,the proposed model is superior to the other models.The proposed model is closer to real CBS testing process and facilitates software engineer's quantitatively analyzing,measuring and predicting CBS reliability.     

Component-based software reliability process simulation considering imperfect debugging

In view of the flaws of component-based software （CBS） reliability modeling and analysis, the low recognition degree of debugging process, too many assumptions and difficulties in obtaining the solution, a CBS reliability simulation process is presented incorporating the imperfect debugging and the limitation of debugging resources. Considering the effect of imperfect debugging on fault detec- tion and correction process, a CBS integration testing model is sketched by multi-queue muhichannel and finite server queuing model （MMFSQM）. Compared with the analytical method based on pa- rameters and other nonparametric approaches, the simulation approach can relax more of the usual reliability modeling assumptions and effectively expound integration testing process of CBS. Then, CBS reliability process simulation procedure is developed accordingly. The proposed simulation ap- proach is validated to be sound and effective by simulation experiment studies and analysis.     

基于构件的软件测试模型及方法

采用基于构件的软件设计方法是软件设计的新趋势.介绍了构件及基于构件的软件（CBS）的概念、特点以及由此引发的测试问题.概述了构件软件测试方法的现状,阐述了基于构件的软件黑盒测试方法及模型、白盒测试方法及模型,讨论并比较了两种方法的使用场合和异同之处.在此基础上,列举并比较了几种常见的自动测试方法和工具的基本原理.对构件软件的集成测试和性能测试等问题进行了讨论和分析,给出了构件软件测试的存在问题和研究方向.     

一个改进的NHPP类软件可靠性增长模型框架

针对现有的NHPP类软件可靠性增长模型,提出一个既考虑关联故障和构件结构,又考虑软件的不完美测试、故障检测率和故障改正效率随时间变化的NHPP类软件可靠性增长模型框架.许多经典的软件可靠性增长模型以及基于软件故障类型和构件结构的NHPP类模型都可以从这个框架中推导出来.     

带减函数的连续型软件可靠性验证方案

针对连续型安全关键软件可靠性验证测试（SRDT）所需测试时间较长的问题,在现有的基于贝叶斯理论的SRDT方案的基础上,提出结合先验信息的基于减函数法的连续型软件可靠性验证测试方案（CBSDF）：首先选取连续型软件可靠性参数（如失效率）的典型减函数作为失效率的先验分布密度函数(先验分布);然后根据增长测试阶段后期的失效时间数据（先验信息）计算出先验分布超参数的估计值,进而给出相应的后验分布密度函数,在此基础上得到CBSDF的具体形式;最后,将两组真实失效数据集作为先验信息的来源,将CBSDF与已有的无先验信息（CBS1）与有先验信息（CBS2）的贝叶斯验证方案进行实例对比研究,计算结果表明：在SRDT方案参数相同时,相对于CBS1与CBS2,本论文提出的CBSDF可以更为显著地降低所需的验证测试时间,且更适用于高可靠的安全关键连续型软件。     

非齐次泊松过程类软件可靠性增长模型

现有的基于故障覆盖率的软件可靠性增长模型多是只考虑了累计故障覆盖率 ,没有描述每个测试用例能够获得的故障覆盖率 .为了使软件可靠性增长模型能更好地刻画软件的测试过程 ,建立了两个基于故障覆盖率的非齐次泊松过程类软件可靠性增长模型 .第一个模型假设每个测试用例有相同的故障检测能力 ,能获得相同的故障覆盖率 ;第二个模型考虑了越晚检测到的故障其被检测到的概率越低的特点 ,模型假设每个测试用例的故障检测能力与其出现的次序相关 .利用一组公开发表的软件失效数据对这两个模型进行了验证 ,结果表明这两个模型在这组失效数据上均能得到较好的拟合效果 .     

考虑故障检测与修正的软件可靠性增长模型

针对现有NHPP类软件可靠性增长模型基本假设中故障检测和不完美修正过程考虑不完善的现状,提出一种非齐次泊松过程软件可靠性增长模型．该模型既考虑故障本身特性,故障检测率是随时间递减的函数,又考虑了排错过程引入新错误的概率,故障总数函数是随时间变化的;同时,还考虑了不完全排错的情况,引入了一种与故障检测率具有相同变化趋势的故障排除率函数．利用一组标准化的失效数据集进行仿真验证,实验结果表明该模型具有更好的拟合效果和预测能力．     

基于人工神经网络的航空轴承疲劳可靠性分析

提出一种人工智能方法进行航空轴承疲劳可靠性分析.通过二次多项式近似拟合温度场效应,建立热弹流润滑效应下航空轴承接触应力分析模型,同时考虑热弹流润滑效应、材料属性以及疲劳强度修正系数的随机性,结合应力-强度干涉理论,运用人工神经网络法完成疲劳可靠性分析,基于改进的一次二阶矩法完成可靠性灵敏度分析.数值算例表明,建立的可靠性分析模型能正确反映热弹流润滑效应对航空轴承接触疲劳的影响.与传统蒙特卡罗方法相比,提出的智能方法具有良好的全局搜索能力和高效的计算性能,并通过无交互方差分析滚动轴承疲劳试验对可靠性灵敏度分析结果进行了验证.     

一多种错误类型的软件可靠性模型

以多维非刘次生灭过程为工具建立了一多种错误类型的软件可靠性模型,讨论了含有多种错误类型的软件系统的不完全测试与错误引入问题,并且获得了与模型有关的一些可靠性能指标,此模型不统一了一些已有的软件可靠性模型。     

基于区间不确定性的多学科可靠性设计

针对随机可靠性设计和多学科设计直接结合中存在的随机可靠性无法解决不确定性信息量较少及直接结合的嵌套结构计算效率较低的问题,采用区间描述有限信息的不确定性,以非概率可靠性指标衡量多学科系统的可靠性,建立了基于区间不确定性的多学科可靠性设计模型.同时,为了提高计算效率,采用性能测量法来减少可靠性分析的计算量,并引入序列优化与可靠性评估方法将三层嵌套的多学科可靠性设计结构解耦为顺序执行的确定性多学科设计优化和多学科可靠性分析过程,降低了计算复杂性.通过一个算例验证了该方法的可行性和有效性.结果表明,相比多学科可行法,单学科可行法的计算效率较高.     

Study on the network delay of periodic information in the NCS based on EPA

The network delay of the periodic messages transmission in the network control system (NCS) based on Ethernet for plant automation (EPA) is analyzed from the theoretical and experimental perspective in this paper. The composition and the characteristics of the network delay of EPA periodic messages transmission in a subnet is studied through analyzing the information transmission regularity and EPA deterministic scheduling mechanism. On this basis, the queuing delay at communication schedule management entity (EPACSME) that is the most important component of network delay is analyzed, during which the formulas for the queuing delay of periodic messages and other real time parameters are proposed. Furthermore, an experiment is developed to test each component of network delay of periodic messages transmission in a EPA subnet. According to the experimental and the theoretical analysis, the conclusion is drawn that the delay during which the periodic messages wait for the periodic messages transmission time slice is the main factor that causes considerable network delay, and improvement method is presented.     

基于条件概率的错误定位方法

有效的软件调试是保证软件可靠性的关键。调试旨在发现程序中存在的错误并进行修复,其中错误定位最为烦琐,针对目前性能优异的基于程序频谱的定位方法展开研究。为了能直观地表现程序频谱与执行结果之间的联系,结合条件概率的思想对这种联系进行量化分析,并基于条件概率模型的特征提出了一种新的可疑度计算公式CPStar,该方法采用了不确定性系数Star,通过调节系数的大小提高公式的可用性,可以有效修正成功测试用例的数量对定位效果的不利影响。实验结果表明,提出的CPStar方法可以在一定程度上提高错误定位的准确性与效率,其定位效果优于其他方法。     

新一代CIMS应用集成平台系统体系结构

企业重组需要更灵活、更具柔性的新一代 Ｃ Ｉ Ｍ Ｓ应用集成平台的支持。为此提出了柔性软件系统的基本概念,给出了基于软件代理的软件支撑系统和基于软件组件的应用软件系统两部分组成的柔性软件系统体系结构模型以及柔性软件系统的 Ｂ Ｐ Ｒ Ｏ（基于经营过程重用对象）工程方法。在此基础上提出了 Ｃ Ｉ Ｍ Ｓ应用集成平台系统结构的新构想,给出了分布式的整体结构模型和层次化的单元结构模型,介绍了基于重用的软件工程经营过程方法。最后指出更灵活、更具柔性的新一代 Ｃ Ｉ Ｍ Ｓ应用集成平台能够适应我国企业重组带来的新变化,具有重要的实际应用价值。     

Integration of naval distributed tactical training simulation system based on advanced message queuing protocol①

Aiming at the problems of unreliable data transmission , poor steadiness , nonsupport of complex data types , direct couple between data transmission and exchange , a high-level method based on ad-vanced message queuing protocol ( AMQP) is proposed to integrate naval distributed tactical training simulation system after serious consideration with current information exchange features of military combat system .Transferring layer in traditional user datagram protocol is implemented by publishing and subscribing scheme of message middleware .By creating message model to standardize message structure , integration architecture is formulated to resolve potential information security risks from in-consistent data type and express data transmission .Meanwhile , a communication model is put for-ward based on AMQP , which is in the center position of the whole transmission framework and re-sponsible for reliably transferring battlefield data among subsystems .Experiments show that the method can accurately post amounts of data to the subscriber without error and loss , and can get ex-cellent real-time performance of data exchange .     

基于情景演算多流程交互软件模型的研究与实现

多流程系统表示及多流程交互模型的研究对于以业务流程为中心的复杂信息系统开发有重要意义.提出基于动作逻辑中的情景演算来描述流程的静态模型;将流程状态的变化定义为事件,作为流程间交互的中介,以描述流程的动态行为;并提出一个基于黑板的流程交互模型,实现异步数据交换,具有集中控制、共享数据结构等特点,适用于流程间事件消息的传递,模型具有松耦合、灵活、通用和高效等特点;此研究方法与模型在CTS系统设计开发中得到具体应用.     

扰动条件下车载氢能源监测系统效能评估

本文通过设计容量有限的优先排队机制,提出了监测过程扰动条件下车载氢能源安全监测系统效能评估模型。当需求监测的优先级与紧急程度相关时,监测系统高等级信号被优先处理,提升监测系统的安全性与有效性。考虑到车载氢能源安全监测装置可靠性因素对安全监测系统效能的潜在影响,对监测器可靠性在不同概率条件下的系统失效损失和排队成本进行了敏感性分析,为车载氢能源安全监测系统设计提供技术支持与控制策略参考。     

An analysis of HB-MAP based on OPNET simulation

HB-MAP (HB-mutual authentication protocol) is a mutual ultra-light-weight authentication protocol we have proposed before. In this paper, we present an HB-MAP simulation model. This model is based on the OPNET modeler and includes three parts, namely, the network model, the node model, and the process model. The simulation results are obtained mainly in the aspects of running time, queuing delay, throughput, and channel utilization. To show the performance of HB-MAP, simulation of two other protocols HB and LCAP (load-based concurrent access protocol) is also executed, and comparative analysis is carried out on the results. At the end of the paper, we show a simple process of the attacks and identify that the HB-MAP can defend against some attacks.     

基于测试级别的软件成本模型的研究

很少有软件成本模型会考虑测试的实际情况，因此不能够准确地反映测试过程中成本的实际消耗以及当测试情况需要发生改变时对软件成本需求的变化。绝大多数的软件测试存在着不完全排错和学习过程等现象，这些现象通常反映了实际测试的成本使用情况。本文提出了一个反映实际测试情况的测试级别，在此基础上构造了一个新的软件成本模型，并讨论了基于最低软件成本的最优发布策略。实验证明该成本模型更符合软件测试的实际情况，软件开发者可以利用该模型实现对测试成本科学的管理。     

基于测试级别的软件成本模型的研究

很少有软件成本模型会考虑测试的实际情况，因此不能够准确地反映测试过程中成本的实际消耗以及当测试情况需要发生改变时对软件成本需求的变化。绝大多数的软件测试存在着不完全排错和学习过程等现象，这些现象通常反映了实际测试的成本使用情况。本文提出了一个反映实际测试情况的测试级别，在此基础上构造了一个新的软件成本模型，并讨论了基于最低软件成本的最优发布策略。实验证明该成本模型更符合软件测试的实际情况，软件开发者可以利用该模型实现对测试成本科学的管理。     

Queuing-Based Performance Analytical Model for Continuous Flow Transporters of AMHS

To quickly and accurately estimate the expected work-in-process （WIP）of material intersection points in continuous automated material handling systems （AMHSs） ,a queuing-based performance analytical model was presented for continuous flow transporters （CFTs） . In the modeling procedure which considered layout of crossovers and the variability of service time of turntables, an M /G /1 queuing model with multi-class customers and a non-preemptive priority M /G /1 queuing model with multi-class customers were introduced to accurately present the queuing WIP of each material intersection point and perform the analytical model. Finally,300 mm wafer fabrication facilities （fabs）with 24 bays were applied to evaluating the proposed model. Compared with results of an Arena simulation, the model performs well in evaluating the number of queuing WIP of the intersection points and overall system of CFTs in AMHSs.