挤压态Al-Mg-Mn合金的塑性变形行为

为改善挤压态Al-Mg-Mn合金棒材的塑性变形性能,确定该合金的加工工艺参数,通过改变变形温度和应变速率,得到伸长率最大的变形参数,并探讨了该合金的断裂机理。结果表明:在变形温度为500℃,应变速率为1.00×10-3s-1时,合金的伸长率最大,达到109.54%;在塑性变形过程中,材料出现应变硬化和应变软化现象,在稳态变形阶段出现锯齿形流变现象。该合金的断裂形式宏观表现为明显的韧性断裂,微观形式为穿晶断裂,断口由韧窝和撕裂棱组成。该研究为挤压态Al-Mg-Mn合金加工工艺参数的合理选择提供了参考依据。     

AZ31镁合金的超塑性研究

在温度为400～440℃、应变速率为10-2～10-4 s-1的范围内研究AZ31镁合金的超塑性.结果表明,当应变速率不小于5×10-3 s-1时,AZ31镁合金的超塑性伸长率随着温度的升高而增大.对应变速率敏感指数和拉伸试样的宏观断裂特征分析表明,应变速率敏感指数是影响超塑性的主要因素.当应变速率不大于5×10-4 s-1时,AZ31镁合金在420℃时具有最大伸长率.对断裂试样的颈缩现象和断口空洞的SEM分析表明,空洞是影响超塑性的主要因素.     

铸态Al-Zn-Mg-Cu高强铝合金热拉伸力学性能及断裂行为

运用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对铸态Al-Zn-Mg-Cu高强铝合金进行高温拉伸实验,利用光学显微镜(OM)观察断口附近的微观组织,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察断口形貌。结果表明,变形温度在340℃~420℃,应变速率为0.01 s-1时,随着温度升高,峰值应力、峰值应变、断裂应变、断面收缩率、延伸率均下降;变形温度为360℃,应变速率为0.1 s-1~1 s-1时,随着应变速率的增大,峰值应力、峰值应变均增大,断裂应变减小,断面收缩率和延伸率有下降的趋势。该合金高温拉伸过程中的软化机制主要为动态回复。高温拉伸的断口形貌为韧性断裂。断口表面的粗大脆硬相对材料的性能有严重影响。     

间断变形工艺提高AZ31镁合金超塑性的研究

研究间断变形工艺对AZ31镁合金超塑性的影响.结果表明,当温度为400～440℃、应变速率小于5×10-4 s-1时,间断变形工艺可以显著提高AZ31镁合金的超塑性.计算了空洞体积分数与空洞数量的关系.结果表明,空洞体积分数与空洞数量呈正比.对拉伸试样断口形貌的分析表明,间断变形减少了空洞数量,因而减小了空洞体积分数,提高了超塑性伸长率.     

钨合金力学性能及断口形貌的温度效应

研究了真空退火态93WNiFe合金在10-900℃的拉伸性能、断口形貌及显微组织,研究结果表明：随着温度的升高钨合金抗拉强度逐渐下降,延伸率先上升后下降,在400℃出现峰值,断口形貌由钨颗粒解理型断裂逐渐向钨颗粒与粘结相脱开型断裂转变,钨合金抗拉强度主要受断口断裂模式的影响,而延伸率却受钨颗粒和粘结相变形的共同影响。     

单β相镁锂合金Mg-11Li-3Al-0.4Y中温拉伸行为

采用熔铸、大变形轧制及退火等工艺制备厚度为1 mm的Mg-11Li-3Al-0.4Y合金板材,结合扫描电子显微镜、高温拉伸试验机等实验方法,研究合金在温度范围为50~200℃和应变速率范围为0.001~0.1 s-1的中温变形行为、再结晶行为和组织性能。在Arrhenius双曲正弦型方程的基础上构建适用于单β相含稀土镁锂合金的塑性变形本构方程。研究结果表明:对于单β相Mg-11Li-3Al-0.4Y合金,流变应力随变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低而降低,且真应力-真应变曲线中的锯齿波符合动态应变时效中的Portevin-Le Chatelier效应,这是首次在单β相Mg-Li-Al合金中观察到Portevin-Le Chatelier效应。结合断口分析,发现热轧合金板材在中温拉伸过程中,随着温度的升高,合金拉伸断裂方式由较低温度时的准解理断裂转变为较高温度下的韧窝断裂。     

轧制态5083铝合金的超塑性

为获得轧制态5083铝合金超塑性变形行为的工艺参数,对超塑性变形行为及其原理进行了研究。结果表明：在300℃条件下,当应变速率为1.67×10^-4s^-1时,材料的伸长率最高,达到126.1%。在此条件下轧制态5083铝合金呈现良好的超塑性,材料在超塑性变形过程中表现出明显的应变软化现象,伴随有锯齿形流变现象;断裂形式为韧性断裂,断口形貌由韧窝和撕裂棱组成。该结果为轧制态5083铝合金的工业化生产提供了数据参考。     

变形参数对BR1500HS材料性能与微观组织的影响

通过高温拉伸实验研究超高强度钢BR1500HS不同变形参数对真应力-真应变曲线及抗拉强度的影响,并采用光学显微镜观察不同变形参数下的微观结构,利用扫描电子显微镜SEM分析所得材料的断口形貌。研究结果表明:不同变形参数对抗拉强度、流变应力的影响规律不同,增大变形温度或减小应变速率均可减小材料流变应力;当变形温度在800~900℃时,其材料流变抗力小、塑性好,有利于成形;在相同应变速率条件下,当变形温度区间为300~400℃,500~700℃以及800℃以上时,其微观结构组织分别主要为马氏体、贝氏体以及奥氏体;在相同应变速率下,当变形温度区间为300~400℃和500~900℃时,其断裂方式分别为脆性断裂、韧性断裂,且在800~900℃时,其韧窝断口形貌较好。     

高硅铝合金高温微观力学行为研究

高硅铝合金以其优异的性能在电子封装领域具有广阔的应用前景,准确地测量其高温微观力学行为具有重要意义.本文基于数字图像相关(DIC)方法,对Al-27%Si、Al-42%Si、Al-60%Si3种不同硅含量高硅铝合金的拉伸试样开展了扫描电子显微镜(SEM)下的高温原位拉伸实验研究.分析了在20～300℃下测得的3种合金的应力-应变曲线、微尺度全场应变分布规律以及拉伸试样的断口形貌.结果表明,硅的含量和温度对高硅铝合金拉伸力学行为具有显著的影响.随着温度的升高,3种合金的应变量均逐渐增大,其中Al-27%Si的应变量变化最大.3种合金的抗拉强度随温度的升高均近似呈线性趋势降低,常温下Al-27%Si最高,200℃以上时Al-42%Si最高,Al-60%Si合金的抗拉强度最低.在Al-27%Si与Al-42%Si合金的应变场中的铝基体相内部出现了明显的应变集中现象,而Al-60%Si的应变分布较均匀.温度对3种合金的微尺度拉伸变形场分布规律影响不大.合金的拉伸断口形貌表明,随着硅含量的增加,高硅铝合金主要的拉伸断裂机制由铝相的韧性断裂逐渐转变为硅相的脆性断裂,而温度对其影响较小.3种高硅铝合金在不同温度下拉伸时均无明显的屈服现象,也未出现颈缩现象.     

应变速率对8090Al-Li合金拉伸性能的影响

用动态拉伸的方法研究了应变速率对 80 90 Al— L i合金拉伸性能的影响 ,应变速率的范围为 10 - 3～ 10 3s- 1。结果表明 ,合金的强度和塑性随应变率的增加而增加。试样的 SEM和 TEM分析发现 :准静态下的断裂为沿晶断裂 ;随着应变率的增加 ,断裂从穿晶准解理断裂过渡到由显微空穴聚集而成的韧窝断裂。高应变率下80 90 Al- L i合金强度和塑性的提高与其变形机制和晶界无沉淀区 (PFZ)的变化有关     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with