硅橡胶填充多孔金属材料静态压缩力学行为研究

对两种有硅橡胶填充的多孔金属材料进行了单向压缩实验 ,一种是三维开孔泡沫铝 ,另一种是二维圆孔铝合金蜂窝 .实验结果表明 ,硅橡胶填充以后 ,泡沫铝的应力应变曲线表现为弹性变形和塑性平台两个阶段 ,密实阶段不明显 ,且屈服应力和屈服平台长度相对无填充材料有明显增加 ;圆孔铝合金蜂窝的刚度和屈服应力也显著增加 ,屈服平台明显增长 ,显示出在单向压缩情况下更好的吸能性能 .通过分析圆孔铝合金蜂窝的变形过程 ,发现由于填充的橡胶的体积不可压缩性 ,导致变形过程中孔壁被拉伸 ,改变了多孔材料的传统变形模式 ,从而改善了材料的性能     

铸造泡沫铝合金压缩性能及电磁屏蔽性能

对采用熔体发泡法制备的不同孔径、不同材质的Al-Si和Al-Mg泡沫铝合金进行了压缩试验和电磁屏蔽性能研究.结果表明:铝镁合金泡沫铝压缩过程中无明显断裂阶段,应力-应变曲线表现出明显的塑性特征,泡沫铝合金整体表现出较好的塑性特征;同种材质的泡沫铝材料中,随着孔隙率P的增加,泡沫铝的屈服强度σ_(0.2)以及弹性模量E均随之下降,但孔径大小对屈服强度σ_(0.2)以及弹性模量E的影响较小;随着孔隙率P的降低或者孔径的减小,泡沫铝的反射损耗与吸收损耗增大,从而泡沫铝的电磁屏蔽能力升高,研究表明泡沫铝的电磁屏蔽能力与电磁波的入射角度无关;孔隙率的变化对泡沫合金电磁屏蔽性能的影响相对于改变其他条件对电磁屏蔽的影响要小.     

强度、吸能与韧性兼容的新型球形孔泡沫纯铝

在球形孔泡沫纯铝压缩、拉伸应力应变曲线基础上,研究了致密化起始点、吸能能力、压缩强度和拉伸性能.结果表明:球形孔泡沫纯铝与球形孔泡沫铝合金的压缩应力应变曲线相似,分为3个部分:线弹性阶段、平台阶段和密实阶段;提出了根据压缩曲线的斜率图,确定球形孔泡沫纯铝的致密化起始点的新方法;球形孔泡沫纯铝相对于球形孔泡沫铝合金是一种吸能能力更强的、韧性性能良好的新材料.采用Gibson-Ashby的模型来分析球形孔泡沫纯铝的压缩屈服强度和抗拉强度,吻合效果良好.     

含硅橡胶的泡沫铝应变率敏感性研究

用渗流法向开孔泡沫铝中充填硅橡的方法获得含硅橡胶的泡沫铝材料,并在Hopkinson压杆实验装置上对含硅橡胶的泡沫铝进行动态压缩实验,研究这种材料的动态压缩力学行为及应变率敏感性。结果表明,含硅橡胶的泡沫铝压缩应力-应变曲线具有两阶段变形特征,即弹性段和塑性平台段,与不含硅橡胶的泡沫铝相比,这种材料具有更高的应变率敏感性,随着应变率的提高,其屈服强度和流动应力均显著升高。     

闭孔泡沫铝压缩力学性能的实验和三维有限元模拟

基于X射线电子计算机断层扫描技术,建立了反映闭孔泡沫铝真实结构的三维有限元模型.对闭孔泡沫铝准静态和动态压缩力学性能进行了实验和数值模拟,分析了闭孔泡沫铝的变形特性及力学性能,验证了模型的可靠性.结果表明,准静态压缩下,试件主要沿加载轴45°方向产生塑性变形.压缩速率为低速时,其变形模式与准静态相同.闭孔泡沫铝试件截面上结构薄弱处首先出现应力集中,材料达到塑性屈服.在高速压缩下,试件加载端首先达到塑性屈服.比较闭孔泡沫铝不同应变率下的屈服强度,动态压缩下的屈服强度远高于准静态压缩下的.应变率280~700 s-1下,其屈服强度变化不明显,应变率继续升高至2 000 s-1,屈服强度略微提高.      

Al-Si闭孔泡沫铝材料的压缩行为

对熔体转移发泡法制备的不同密度Al-Si闭孔泡沫铝材料进行了准静态压缩实验,研究了Al-Si闭孔泡沫铝材料的准静态压缩力学行为及变形机制,并从微观上分析了相对密度对Al-Si闭孔泡沫铝材料的力学性能影响.结果表明,Al-Si闭孔泡沫铝材料的压缩过程具有明显的脆性材料压缩变形特征,即经历三个阶段线弹性阶段、脆性崩溃阶段、致密化阶段.相对密度对Al-Si闭孔泡沫铝材料的力学性能影响显著,随着相对密度的增加,压缩强度和弹性模量逐渐增大,且理论结果与试验结果比较吻合.     

轴向变密度铝泡沫件的动态和静态压缩实验与有限元模拟分析

针对工程中常见的厚度方向变密度的闭孔铝泡沫材料,该文通过动态和静态压缩实验与模拟分析,探讨了大尺度变密度铝泡沫部件变形与吸能特性分析的有限元模型构建方法。对变密度铝泡沫大试样的准静态压缩和冲击压缩实验研究表明:厚度方向变密度铝泡沫材料的压缩过程呈现从低密度层开始的逐层屈服变形伴随整体变形的特性,与密度均匀的铝泡沫材料的变形特性显著不同。该文建立了变密度铝泡沫大试样的分层变密度变尺度有限元模型和近似的密度和尺度均匀的有限元模型,计算结果对比分析表明:分层变密度变尺度有限元模型能够模拟实际材料的逐层屈服变形特性,计算的试样准静态和冲击压缩变形与吸能特性等与实验结果相符;而基于均匀模型的计算结果则不能模拟逐层变形特性,与实验结果及理论特性明显不相符。分层变密度变尺度有限元模型的单元尺度会影响逐层屈服变形特性模拟结果,基于单元尺度接近实际铝泡沫材料胞元尺度的分层有限元模型的计算结果与实验结果一致性较好。这些研究结果对各种结构的铝泡沫材料应用研究具有重要意义。     

闭孔泡沫铝应变率效应的试验和有限元分析

通过对具有不同孔隙率的闭孔泡沫铝在不同应变率下的动态压缩试验和数值模拟,研究了泡沫铝的应变率敏感性.结果表明:在准静态(0.001s-1)至2500s-1的应变率范围内,具有相同孔隙率的泡沫铝的静、动态单轴压缩变形模式相似,而具有不同孔隙率的泡沫铝的压缩变形模式则存在差异,高孔隙率和低孔隙率泡沫铝的应变率敏感性明显不同;基体材料的应变率敏感性决定了泡沫铝的应变率敏感性;微惯性、波效应和孔内气体压力对泡沫铝的平台应力不产生明显影响.     

闭孔泡沫铝特征统计及其变形行为实验研究

以椭圆拟合长方体闭孔多边形泡沫铝表面孔截面,运用统计学的方法研究了泡沫铝试件表面孔的大小、形状和方位等分布特征.统计结果表明:上述孔的各项几何特征参数除方位外服从高斯分布. 应用图像处理技术,获取了单轴压缩变形前后泡沫铝试件的表面图像.利用序列数字图像相关方法对泡沫纯铝变形前后的图像进行相关计算,获得了静态单向压缩条件下闭孔泡沫铝材料表面全场变形及局部孔结构的变形,同时根据试验结果计算了试件的名义应力-应变曲线,给出了压缩过程中孔壁的失效顺序和破坏规律.对块体材料的压缩实验表明,泡沫纯铝是以多个断裂带的形式破坏和吸收能量.     

应变率与相对密度对聚氨酯泡沫压缩力学行为的影响

采用三种加载设备(万能材料实验机、冲击落锤和霍普金森压杆)对三种相对密度的聚氨酯泡沫进行了广泛应变率条件下(10-3~103s-1)的单轴压缩实验。实验结果表明:相对密度是影响聚氨酯泡沫等效力学行为(弹性模量、初始屈服强度、塑性坍塌强度)的主导因素;且聚氨酯泡沫的力学行为具有明显的应变率效应。同时,基于实验结果分析了应变率效应产生的原因。此外,结合实验结果和一个考虑了相对密度和应变率对塑性坍塌强度复合效应的理论模型,量化了上述两个重要参数对塑性坍塌强度的影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with