如何选口罩

最近几年，越来越多的人为了预防流感、粉尘过敏等戴起了口罩。在甲型流感肆虐的2009年，即使是在酷热的夏天，也有不少人戴起了口罩。然而，究竟该如何选择适合自己的口罩呢？让人呼吸通畅的口罩，防护能力强吗？     

基于实际大气颗粒物环境的口罩防护作用研究

选取5种口罩对北京市不同污染程度的真实环境中4种大气颗粒物的防护作用进行分析,研究颗粒物粒径、口罩种类、吸气流速和环境大气PM2.5浓度对口罩防护作用的影响.结果表明,4种因素均对口罩防护作用具有显著影响.口罩的颗粒物防护作用呈现随颗粒物粒径增加而升高的趋势.4种KN95或KN90 口罩对实际大气颗粒物的防护作用可以达...     

医用口罩的技术标准对比研究及前景展望

针对我国在抗击新冠肺炎疫情中对医用口罩需求的现状,系统综述了医用口罩的技术标准、制备工艺、防护效果及发展概况,分析和比较了各类医用口罩在防护性能上的优势,并对其适用范围给出了合理建议。通过对比各类医用口罩技术标准,发现经过驻极处理的GB 19083—2010医用防护口罩过滤效率最高,不低于95%,适用于传染科或病毒科医务人员和相关工作人员佩戴防护,但存在透气性差、无抗菌性等方面的不足。经分析,高抗菌性、高抗病毒性、佩戴舒适性的新型医用口罩是未来的重要发展方向。     

驻极超微细纤维高效滤材SARS防护口罩的研究

系统地比较了各种口罩的性能及防SARS病毒口罩的要求，介绍了驻极超细纤维滤材的纺丝设备、方法、工艺，给出了口罩结构设计、加工与测试效果。     

口罩对呼吸实境颗粒物的防护及风险消减研究

为了明确口罩对实际环境颗粒物的过滤防护效果,采用呼吸实境采样装置对办公室和企业车间环境进行现场分析,选用3种口罩研究口罩类型、佩戴方式、吸气速率等因素对颗粒物过滤效率和风险消减的影响。结果表明,口罩对颗粒物的过滤效率从高到低依次为：KN95口罩>医用口罩>活性炭口罩,口罩侧面泄露对口罩的防护效果具有重要影响,而吸气速率对口罩颗粒物过滤效率的影响不明显。自然佩戴口罩对车间内不同粒径颗粒物的过滤效率呈现随粒径变大而增加的趋势,佩戴KN95口罩对废塑料破碎车间粗、细颗粒物在人体呼吸系统沉积通量消减率均高于93.5%,建议工人根据车间空气状况和劳动工种合理选择不同类型的防护口罩。     

"不能再这样下去了"——湖南省职业危害严重

“湖南大约有20万个乡镇中小企业存在职业危害，受职业病危害的人数超过了100万。”对这个全省职业健康监督调查结果，来自衡阳农村的石匠何家明觉得与己无关。这位从事石材加工已有14个年头的老师傅，“早就习惯了”每天在打磨石材的粉尘中度过，从来没有戴过什么防护口罩。     

我国研制出抗甲型流感病毒口罩

中科院理化技术研究所、军事医学科学院生物流行病研究所和全国卫生产业企业管理协会抗菌产业分会今天在北京宣布：经过三个单位专家的联合攻关,已研制出全新、速效、安全抗甲型N1H1流感病毒防护型口罩。该口罩已经通过中外多家实验室的系列检测,可在5秒钟内杀灭甲型H1N1流感病毒。     

基于PaddleHub的人脸口罩识别系统

新冠病毒的传播方式主要是通过呼吸道传染,人们佩戴口罩进行防护是最有效的预防感染的途径之一,而人脸口罩自动化识别可以有效监督人们是否佩戴口罩.文章设计了基于PaddleHub的人脸口罩识别系统,利用PyramidBox单阶段人脸检测器和FaceBoxes主干网络分别对目标区域进行人脸检测和口罩识别.此外,为扩展该系统的功...     

口罩耳带熔接机PLC控制系统的开发

口罩耳带熔接机是将口罩本体和耳带、耳边进行融合的自动化设备。口罩耳带熔接机性能的好坏直接影响到口罩的质量。笔者开发了一套用于口罩耳带熔接机的PLC控制系统，达到了了生产要求，取得了满意的生产效果。     

双层可拆卸式防护口罩及佩戴装置设计

针对传统口罩佩戴过程中存在耳部压迫、呼吸热汽模糊镜片、长时佩戴呼吸不畅等问题,采用3D打印技术和逆向扫描技术结合的方法设计双层可拆卸式防护口罩及佩戴装置,以提高口罩佩戴的舒适度和资源再利用.利用Geomagic Studio软件对逆向获取的面部数据进行点云处理、多边形处理、曲面建模,实现面部数据的重构,正向建模软件完成...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the