活性炭对萘吸附的研究

通过对普通煤质活性炭进行酸碱改性处理,研究了不同活性炭加入量、吸附时间、溶液pH值、温度等条件下,对萘溶液的吸附规律。结果表明：活性炭对萘的吸附量随着萘初始浓度的增大而增大;随温度升高,吸附量呈略下降趋势,且温度对吸附影响并不大;溶液pH值对活性炭的吸附量影响也不明显;对萘吸附在30min内达到饱和,饱和吸附量较大,约为200mg／g;由吸附等温公式拟合结果显示为物理吸附,吸附能力顺序为：酸碱改性活性炭〉酸改性活性炭〉未改性活性炭。此外,还考察了用无水乙醇对吸附萘达饱和的未改性活性炭洗脱效率与时间的关系,浸泡90min,洗脱率达98％。     

稻壳对水中结晶紫的吸附

采用稻壳作为吸附剂,对含有结晶紫染料的废水进行吸附研究,考察了室温条件下初始溶液p H值、吸附时间、溶液初始浓度和吸附剂用量等因素对吸附效果的影响,用扫描电镜(SEM)表征了稻壳的微观形貌,借助吸附动力学、吸附等温线方程,结合红外光谱(FTIR)、BET测试结果分析了稻壳对结晶紫的吸附机理.结果表明:室温条件下稻壳对结晶紫的吸附80min可达平衡,p H为6时,稻壳对结晶紫有最高脱色率达96.6%;吸附过程能够很好地符合准二级动力学方程,较好符合Langmiur和Freundlich等温线方程,理论饱和吸附量可达5.4083 mg·g-1;SEM照片表明在吸附之后,稻壳表面形成了结晶紫的沉积物;红外光谱表明在稻壳对结晶紫的吸附中,—OH,CO,Si—O—Si等基团发挥了重要作用.     

合成锰钾矿型化合物对Pb2+的吸附研究

锰钾矿是一种对重金属离子有较强吸附作用的水处理剂.实验研究了不同条件下合成的锰钾矿化合物在水溶液中对铅离子吸附能力的影响,并对吸附反应机理进行了初步探讨.实验结果表明:合成锰钾矿在较高温度、中性pH值、低粒径的条件下对铅离子具有较强的吸附作用.当铅离子质量浓度小于300 mg.L-1时,吸附等温线符合Langmuir模型,最大理论吸附量为126.58 mg.g-1.     

高锰酸钾改性对活性炭吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的影响

采用KMnO4溶液在回流状态下对颗粒活性炭进行改性,得到新的改性炭。考察了高锰酸钾浓度、pH值、投加量、吸附时间对Cr(Ⅵ)去除率的影响,并测得吸附等温线。结果表明:改性炭对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附在低pH值时效果更好,且当KMnO4浓度为0.03～0.04mol/L时,得到的改性炭吸附性能非常好;在pH值为4.0及25℃条件下,AC-3(吸附剂编号)对Cr(Ⅵ)的饱和吸附量比AC-0提高了11.6%;当温度由25℃升高到40℃时,AC-3对Cr(Ⅵ)的饱和吸附量提高了28.0%;改性炭对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附作用符合Langmuir方程。     

黄孢原毛平革菌菌丝球对Pb2+的动态吸附及其洗脱

考察了黄孢原毛平革菌菌丝球对铅离子的动态吸附及其洗脱性能.实验结果表明,流速、温度、溶液pH值和初始浓度等因素对动态吸附有很大影响,饱和吸附量为20.19mg.g-1,比同样条件下的静态饱和吸附量(23.96mg.g-1)稍低.洗脱液流速和洗脱温度对洗脱速率有较大影响,洗脱率在90%以上(最高可达97.16%).     

KMnO4改性活性炭对Zn2+ 和Cd2+ 的吸附研究

研究了KMnO4改性的颗粒活性炭对Zn2+和Cd2+的吸附去除性能.考察了pH、吸附时间、投加量对Zn2+和Cd2+吸附率的影响,并研究了吸附等温线.结果表明:KMnO4改性活性炭对Zn2+和Cd2+且有强的吸附去除能力,随着pH的增大吸附率增大,对Zn2+的吸附能力高于Cd2+;在25℃及pH=7.0的条件下,Cd2+的吸附比Zn2+进行得快,吸附平衡时间分别为60和120min,吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附模型;在25℃及pH=7.0时,对Zn2+和Cd2+饱和吸附量分别为10.80和4.56mg/g,分别是未改性颗粒活性炭的1.2和1.4倍,升高温度可显著提高Zn2+和Cd2+的吸附量.     

表面改性活性炭对CO2的吸附性能

研究了用H2O2,HNO3加醋酸铜溶液进行表面改性后的活性炭对CO2的吸附性能,分析了改性前后活性炭的表面化学性质,测定了273 K下的吸附等温线,用D-A方程对吸附等温线进行了很好的拟合,探讨了表面改性对活性炭表面化学性质的影响及其表面化学性质与吸附性能之间的关系.     

HDTMA有机高岭土对甲基异柳磷的吸附性能

采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HDTMA)改性高岭土,研究制备条件对有机磷农药甲基异柳磷的吸附性能影响.结果表明,在室温(23～30 ℃)和pH 值为4的条件下,用30 μmol*g-1的HDTMA反应15 min,改性制备的有机高岭土对甲基异柳磷的吸附效果最佳.改性高岭土吸附能力比未改性高岭土明显增强,吸附等温线符合Freundlich等温吸附方程.吸附反应速度较快,在最佳吸附条件下,即有机高岭土投加质量浓度为10.0 g*L-1,溶液中甲基异柳磷初始质量浓度为30 mg*L-1,吸附平衡时间为40 min.在所选pH=5～9的范围内,有机改性高岭土对甲基异柳磷的吸附率均能保持在80%左右.     

载铁改性活性炭对溶液中六价铬[Cr(VI)]的吸附研究

以磷酸法活性炭(PAC)为原料,通过不同铁盐溶液浸渍法制备载铁改性活性炭(Fe-PAC),采用二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法检测其对水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附效果,考察了铁盐浓度、溶液pH值等因素对吸附效果的影响,研究了吸附平衡时间、吸附动力学,利用XPS、BET等方法对改性活性炭进行表征。结果表明：硫酸亚铁溶液浸渍改性活性炭对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附最佳,硫酸亚铁溶液浓度为0.20mol/L,载铁改性后活性炭对水中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附量从10.18mg/g提高到22.56mg/g;溶液pH值为2.0时,Cr(Ⅵ)去除率达到95%;通过XPS检测改性后活性炭表面负载有二价铁及三价铁氧化物;吸附动力学实验表明改性活性炭对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附符合伪二级动力学方程,以化学吸附占主导;采用氮气吸附等温线对其比表面积及孔隙分布分析,结果表明由于铁氧化物堵塞孔隙,改性后活性炭的比表面积减小。     

茶叶资源化利用及对染料废水的去除

采用紫外可见分光光度法研究经2.0 mol/L HCI预处理的茶叶粉末对甲基紫溶液的吸附作用,探讨在不同pH值、初始浓度和吸附时间条件下,不同用量的吸附剂对甲基紫溶液的吸附效果.结果表明,当pH为10.0时,250mg预处理的茶叶粉末对20mg/L,50mL的甲基紫吸附20min,去除率达98%,饱和吸附量为180.6mg/g.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that