γ暴辐射谱吸收特征的电子回旋共振吸收模型

运用半径典量子理论的电子回旋共振吸收系数,由辐射转移方程计算了通过磁中子星表面附近等离子休后的辐射谱,与γ射线暴的观测谱符合得很好。结果表明,有吸收特征辐射谱的γ射线暴可能是由强磁场的中子星产生的。     

中子星辐射引力红移的量子真空极化修正

测量中子星表面辐射谱的引力红移被认为是探究这类致密天体基本物理特性最为直接有效的手段. 但是,脉冲星、磁星这些强磁化中子星表面的辐射红移不仅源于引力的作用, 还需要考虑星体表面的磁化等离子体以及由超强磁场所诱导的量子电动力学(quantum electrodynamics, QED) 真空极化效应对辐射的电磁作用. 运用Gordon有效度规理论研究磁化等离子体以及QED真空极化效应对星体辐射的影响. 计算结果表明, 一般情况下对辐射引力红移的修正起主要作用的是星体表面的磁化等离子体, 但在某些特定情况下, 还必须考虑QED真空极化效应的作用.     

中子星倾斜转子模型Gamma射线辐射角分布特性

将中子星近似看做带有偶极磁场的倾斜转子,本文从经典辐射理论出发,用计算机数值计算方法计算了从星近极区表面飞出的原电子的γ射线辐射角分布。结果表明,影响辐射角分布特性的主要因素是磁力线曲率和电子能量耗散。偶极磁场的强烈畸变将在一定程度上导致辐射的方向弥散.     

高能炸药的X射线及γ射线探测安全性研究

为解决X射线、γ射线探测技术在高能炸药属性、状态特征测量中的应用安全性疑虑,提高检测速度,采用了常用工程应用数学指标,分别从单个高能炸药分子与光子的作用几率和高能炸药对光子能量的吸收角度,得到了采用X射线、γ射线探测高能炸药属性、状态特征时的辐照强度阈值. 研究结果表明,目前工业常用的辐射探测方法可以安全地应用于高能炸药,且在确保量级不大于104 W/m2时,可安全地进一步提高高能炸药的辐照强度.      

HBL天体中X射线和γ射线辐射研究

利用幂律函数关系F_(γ-ray)∝F_(X-ray)~(c/s)研究了HBL天体Mrk 421的X射线和γ射线辐射流量间的相关系数.研究结果表明:(1)对HBL天体而言,X射线和γ射线的辐射机制可以用均匀自康普顿(SSC)模型来解释,即X射线源于同步辐射,同步辐射过程中产生的软光子和高能电子之间发生逆康普顿散射,产生了γ射线;(2)X射线能段范围会影响到幂律关系式中指数c/s的大小.     

高纯锗探测器的GeKX逃逸峰及其识别

本文计算了Ge的KαX射线光子逃逸所致之逃逸峰的强度,给出GMX型探测器逃逸峰的实验数据,说明了识别逃逸峰的方法,并提出锗探测器用于低能光子能谱测量的注意事项。     

γ爆发谱和γ爆发源

本文将γ爆发事件分成三类,并认为第二,三类γ爆源于老年中子星且爆发谱由热轫致辐射、磁轫致辐射以及湮灭辐射谱组成。结果表明:①我们的假定可很好地解释第二、三类γ爆;②发射谱的性状依赖于发射区的磁场;③对于每个γ爆,它源于同一中子星的不同发射区。     

活动星系核伽玛辐射流量的计算（英文）

基于伽玛射线辐射的幂律谱规律,讨论了将观测的伽玛辐射积分光子流量转换成γ辐射总流量、E GeV处流量密度、平均流量密度、总光度、平均光度及E GeV处光度的计算方法,并给出了详细计算公式.用得到的公式计算了4个Fermi Blazars的γ辐射流量、光度等参量.如果在其他波段（如：射电、X射线）的辐射也是幂律的,则其流量和光度也可以用类似的方法计算.     

Blazar的γ射线和低频射电6cm波段辐射关系研究

给出了一个带有射电5 GHz和γ射线辐射流量密度的含有94个γ噪Blazar的大样本,其中有66个FSRQs,20个BL Lac天体,利用该样本研究了射电5 GHz和γ射线流量最大值,最小值以及平均值之间的辐射相关.结果表明:γ射线流量最大值和平均值与射电5GHz辐射有较强的相关,最大相关系数r=0.651,置信度均好于10-4;γ射线流量最小值与射电辐射之间没有相关;3C273辐射的最大值不是爆发态时的观测值,若令γ射线谱指数αG=1.0,则3C273的最大辐射流量为(450.8±39.4)×10-8photon.cm-2.s-1.因此,Blazar的γ射线辐射与低频射电辐射确有关联,γ射线的辐射应来自同步加速自康普顿辐射过程.     

辐射等效人工骨功能材料的设计及其实现

作者从X射线和γ光子与物质相互作用出发，根据骨组织的成分分布和辐射衰减特性，提出了射线能量与质量衰减系数之间的相关数学模型。该模型不仅为辐射等效人工骨材料的设计提供了依据，而且能为人工骨材料的选择和配方的确定提供具体的计算方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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