肺心病早期无创性诊断专家系统

用PROLOG实现的分类专家系统,着重介绍了知识的获取、知识库的结构及其推理机制。系统用产生式规则表示知识,采用正向推理策略,较准确地模拟了专家的施治过程。     

扩展产生式规则的网络故障诊断专家系统

根据自然语言理解和网络故障诊断专家系统的特性,提出了一种扩展产生式规则的知识表示方法.扩展产生式规则将规则的前提、结论和建议分别用概念图表示,是一种混合知识表示方法.在扩展产生式规则知识表示方法的基础上,设计出了网络故障诊断专家系统的模型.该系统具有自然语言接口,可将网络中有关故障问题的汉语语句转换成概念图;经过专家系统推理后,可将推理结果和推理过程转换成汉语输出.为了增强专家系统知识获取的灵活性,在系统中还增加了Apriori关联规则挖掘算法,通过对陷阱协议数据单元挖掘,实现在线知识获取.利用该系统模型已开发出网络故障诊断专家系统原型.     

基于本体和规则的物流知识表示与推理

为了解决物流领域相关概念的共享和信息集成问题,研究了物流配送过程中相关知识的表示以及基于知识的推理．应用本体论方法分析配货规则,使用本体中表示的概念和属性制定配货规则库．运用Jena推理子系统,对本体和配货规则进行推理,开发了一套基于本体和规则的自动配货系统．由于本体是共享概念模型明确的、形式化的规范描述,可以利用本体强大的语义表达能力、本体所描述的共享知识以及自动推理机制,实现物流企业之间以知识集成为基础的业务集成．     

面向开放式信息抽取系统的知识推理验证

开放式信息抽取系统是从Web等非结构化文本中挖掘知识的主要途径,但其抽取结果往往存在大量噪声,对知识发现以及知识库构建产生较大影响。提出一种基于概率软逻辑模型的知识推理验证方法,该方法首先使用一阶逻辑语言对知识抽取结果进行转化和推理,并且在推理过程中引入本体规则进行约束,在此基础上,建立推理规则的自动学习机制,解除传统规则推理对于实体解析规则的依赖,进而实现对知识的自动推理和验证。经实验对比验证,该方法具有更优的算法性能,实现了规则的自动学习,提高了知识推理效率,对验证知识的语义规范性和正确性有积极作用。     

基于遗传算法和神经网络优化的故障诊断专家系统

传统故障诊断专家系统中存在知识获取困难和推理能力弱的问题,采用模糊神经推理控制器作为推理机可改善此类问题,为进一步提高系统的性能,用遗传算法对推理机进行离线训练．在系统中,使用了传统故障诊断专家系统给予规则的推理方式,使系统在提高灵活性的基础上保持了透明性。     

烧结过程异常状况诊断专家系统SPADES(Ⅱ) --关键技术

知识库构造和推理机设计是实现专家系统的关键技术.烧结过程异常诊断的知识具有模糊性、不确定性与因果性强,定性知识与定量知识并存的特点.采用模糊逻辑表达烧结过程信息的模糊特性,研究了表达烧结过程异常诊断知识的综合型知识表达方式.知识库的组织包括数据库、事实库、模型库和规则库.规则库中的规则根据用途不同分组存放,同组规则按优先级别排序,这样的知识组织方式为实现高效快速推理奠定了基础;SPADES系统的知识库具有管理与维护功能,知识学习采用专家指导学习方式;烧结过程异常诊断专家系统的推理机采用多级目标推理的混合推理机总体目标推理采用过程化推理,按异常类型判断、异常原因分析、操作决策顺序进行;烧结过程异常状况的诊断采用模糊诊断确定假定异常集合,再通过反向推理验证假定异常集合中的元素,确定出现的异常类型;异常原因分析和操作决策采用正向推理.对于本系统中模糊规则的模糊性传递问题,采用基于确定因子法的不精确推理策略,以及基于模糊规则的模糊匹配方法.SPADES系统在生产现场的应用结果证明了本系统知识表达方式和推理机可以实现模糊知识的表达和高效推理.     

滚动轴承知识表征与检索方法

以滚动轴承知识为对象,利用集成定义方法（IDEF）的建模技术,借鉴产品模型数据交换标准（STEP）应用协议的开发方法,对知识建模进行了系统的分析,建立了中性知识表征体系,并用人工神经网络、规则推理和人工参与相结合的方法实现了知识检索,突破了传统规则推理的缺陷。同时,为支持产品分布式集成信息系统底层知识的建模和检索提供了系统方法。     

城市公共交通智能调度专家系统的研究

根据城市公共交通调度、专家系统知识及模糊控制理论建立了公交智能调度专家系统。该系统采用案例与规则两级推理机制,通过产生式规则实现对知识的表达,应用关系型数据库实现对知识的管理与操作。案例推理中设计了代码与属性两层匹配的推理策略,针对实际调度中的不精确判断,根据模糊控制与模糊推理的思想设计了模糊规则与模糊推理策略实现了基于规则的推理。该系统对实现公交系统智能化、提高公交调度的质量和效率具有重要的意义。     

基于本体和规则的产品配置系统研究

产品配置是实现产品快速定制和提供个性化服务的一种有效手段,而配置知识的获取、表达和推理是实现产品配置的关键.在分析当前配置设计中存在问题的基础上,提出了一个基于本体和规则的产品配置设计解决方案.首先分析了配置设计中不同的知识类型,提出了一种基于粗集的规则获取方法;然后采用OWL/SWRL对产品配置本体和配置规则进行知识表达;最后以JESS为推理引擎实现了配置知识的推理.通过电梯配置设计原型系统的开发与应用,进一步说明了该方法的可行性.     

几何知识结构的获取

知识获取关系到专家系统的成败。现有的知识获取系统都集中在事实和规则的自动获取。本文以几何知识库为模型,给出知识结构的获取方法。可以看出,知识结构的获取比事实和规则的获取具有更高的推理效率,更接近专家系统的知识获取。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has