低温铝诱导非晶硅晶化的热力学机理研究

采用磁控溅射方法沉积了Al/Si薄膜,通过自然氧化形成中间层,再结合快速光热退火制备出微晶硅.研究了铝诱导非晶硅晶化的两个热力学过程:Si的扩散和Si的形核长大.利用拉曼散射光谱仪和X射线衍射仪对薄膜进行了结构表征.结果表明:在铝诱导非晶硅的晶化过程中引入中间氧化层,有利于改善晶化效果,获得晶粒较大且结构均匀的薄膜;低温下,温度对Si的扩散起决定作用,过厚的氧化层会阻碍Si的扩散,使其浓度不能达到临界形核浓度,无法使非晶硅晶化;较大的Al晶粒及Al对Si晶粒的"润湿"能在低温下诱导非晶硅晶化.     

基于磁控溅射技术沉积光伏电池用硅基薄膜材料的研究

硅基薄膜太阳能电池是光伏电池领域最具有发展前景的组件.采用非平衡磁控溅射技术制备氢化硅薄膜和SiNx/Si纳米多层膜,并对其结构与性能进行了分析.结果表明,Si∶ H薄膜呈现出非晶硅和硅纳米晶颗粒复合结构;随着溅射混合气中氢气含量的增加,Si∶ H薄膜的晶化程度增强;Si∶ H薄膜的光学带隙均高于2.0eV.利用交替磁控溅射方法沉积的SiNx/Si纳米多层膜结构,其呈现出非晶相.     

在铝诱导下非晶硅薄膜低温快速晶化研究

在镀铝 (0 .5～ 4μm)的玻璃基底上用射频辉光放电化学气相沉积法沉积 1～ 4μm厚的α- Si薄膜 (基底沉积温度为 30 0℃ ,沉积速率为 1 .0μm/h) ,然后样品在共熔温度下、 N2 气保护中热退火 ,可使其快速晶化成多晶硅薄膜 .结果表明 :在铝薄膜的诱导下 α- Si薄膜在温度 550℃附近退火 5min即可达到晶化 ,X-射线衍射分析显示样品退火 30 min形成的硅层基本全部晶化 ,且具有良好的晶化质量 .     

NiTi形状记忆合金薄膜的残余应力

采用 X射线掠射法和轮廓法 ,测量了单晶 Si基板上用磁控溅射法制备的 Ni Ti形状记忆合金薄膜的残余应力 ,分析了其与薄膜厚度以及晶化处理温度等工艺条件的关系 .结果表明 :该薄膜中的残余应力主要来源于薄膜同基板材料的膨胀系数和晶格参数不匹配 ;薄膜厚度越大 ,残余应力越小 ;晶化处理温度对因热胀系数差异带来的热拉应力因马氏体相变而致的相变压应力均有不同程度的影响 .     

激光退火能量对非晶Si薄膜晶化的影响

采用XeCl准分子脉冲激光,在真空环境中烧蚀单晶Si靶,在Si(111)和石英衬底上沉积生成非晶Si薄膜.在同样的环境下,用激光对非晶Si薄膜进行退火,通过扫描电子显微镜和拉曼光谱仪对退火后的样品进行分析比较.结果表明,激光能量对非晶薄膜的晶化和纳米晶粒尺寸有重要影响.     

铝膜沉积温度对非晶硅薄膜晶化的影响

采用磁控溅射(Magnetron Sputtering,MS)方法,研究了不同的退火温度及铝的沉积温度对非晶硅薄膜晶化的影响.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对不同温度沉积的铝薄膜表面结构及形貌进行了分析;并利用光学显微镜,拉曼散射仪(RAMAN)对退火后的薄膜表面形态和结构进行了分析.实验结果表明:适当温度退火可以有效提高对非晶硅的诱导作用,提高铝膜的沉积温度对于非晶硅薄膜晶化有促进作用;在650℃的退火温度下增加铝的沉积温度可显著提高非晶硅的晶化效果.     

YIG磁性薄膜低温集成工艺

为使YIG磁性薄膜应用到Si集成电路中,利用Sol-Gel技术晶化温度低的特点,结合快速热处理(RTP)工艺在Si基上制备了Y2.97Bi0.03Fe5O12薄膜.讨论了Sol-Gel工艺薄膜制备条件的优化,使用原子力显微镜(AFM),X射线衍射仪(XRD)和交变梯度磁强计(AGM)研究了RTP工艺对薄膜样品表面形貌、晶相结构及静态磁性能的影响.结果显示:Sol-Gel技术有效降低了薄膜晶化温度,RTP热处理工艺对Y2.97Bi0.03Fe5O12薄膜结晶温度、晶相结构没有影响,对表面形貌影响较大,从而使薄膜静态磁性能略有降低,但通过低温退火可有效改善RTP工艺对薄膜磁性能的影响.     

射频磁控溅射Ba_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)TiO_3薄膜表层结构研究

用射频磁控溅射在Pt/Ti/Si O2/Si基体上,沉积了Ba0.6Sr0.4Ti O3(BST)薄膜,随后对其进行常规晶化和快速晶化,用XPS,GXRD和AFM研究了薄膜表层的结构特征.XPS表明,常规晶化的BST薄膜表层约3nm～5nm厚度内含有非钙钛矿结构的BST,随着温度的升高该厚度增加;而快速晶化时,该厚度减薄至1nm内,随着温度的升高没有明显增厚.元素的化学态表明非钙钛矿结构的BST并非来自薄膜表面吸附的含碳污染物(如CO2等),而与吸附的其他元素(如吸附氧等)对表层的影响有关.GXRD和AFM表明,致密的表面结构能有效地阻止吸附元素在BST膜体中的扩散,从而减薄含非钙钛矿结构层的厚度.     

热退火条件下球状纳米硅晶粒成核势垒阈值研究

利用纳秒脉冲激光烧蚀(PLA)技术,在室温、真空环境中沉积制备了非晶Si薄膜,并通过热退火实现了薄膜样品的晶化.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X线衍射(XRD)仪和Raman散射(Raman)仪等技术对退火后的样品进行形貌表征和晶态成分分析,确定了非晶Si薄膜晶化的热退火阈值温度以及在该条件下所形成球状纳米Si晶粒的平均直径,结果分别为850℃和15nm.假定纳米Si晶粒为理想球体,结合固相晶化过程中的能量变化,计算得到了晶化形成直径15nm球状晶粒所需要的能量,即成核势垒阈值,量级约为10-11 mJ.     

锆对Cr-Si-Al电阻薄膜微观结构和电性能的影响

研究了退火态Cr-Si-Al和Cr-Si-Al-Zr薄膜的微观结构和电性能。结果表明，溅射态非晶薄膜Cr-Si-Al和Cr-Si-Al-Zr在加热到700℃的过程中，主要折出2种晶化相：Cr(Al,Si)2和Si纳米晶化相，其中Cr-Si-Al-Zr薄膜中的晶化相Cr(Al,Si)2包含有少量Zr原子。Zr原子的加入抑制了晶化相的形核和长大，从而Cr-Si-Al-Zr薄膜与Cr-Si-Al薄膜相比，需更高的退火温度才能达到趋于零的电阻温度系数。因此，Cr-Si-Al-Zr薄膜具有更好的电学稳定性能。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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