产品模块化设计中的多角度、分级模块划分方法

给出模块划分中的多角度和分级特性，并提出一种新的模块划分方法．首先以用户需求为依据对产品进行功能分解，获得一系列的功能元；然后从用户的特定需求出发定义相关性矩阵，根据该相关性矩阵进行模块划分．划分方案体现为一种层次结构．以万能车床为例，使用该方法进行模块划分，进一步验证了该方法的可行性。     

考虑变更传播影响的产品模块分类方法

针对产品变更过程中遇到产品结构复杂及零部件间关联程度强的问题,基于设计结构矩阵,通过模糊聚类分析法,对产品变更模块分层级研究变更传播的特点.首先,将产品零部件按照不同要求划分为不同的模块,将模块作为基本元素,根据模块间的变更依赖关系建立含权重的设计结构矩阵;然后,利用模糊聚类分析法对变更模块聚类,对聚类结果分层级,分析各层级之间的变更传播特点,从而降低模块变更的复杂性,提高模块变更的速度.以某型罐式半挂车为例,对该方法的可行性和合理性进行验证.实验结果表明:该方法能够有效地降低车辆变更复杂性,并能提高车辆工程变更速度.     

面向产品族设计全过程的聚类分析方法

产品族设计是大批量定制设计的关键和核心。分析了模糊聚类分析方法在产品族设计中的应用。按照公理设计理论将产品开发过程划分为需求、功能和结构三个状态空间,依次讨论了聚类分析方法在区分顾客共性需求与个性需求、识别平台元素与非平台元素、划分核心模块与个性模块方面的具体应用。     

模具温控凝固成形的数值模拟软件系统开发

根据软件工程的理论,采用结构化分析与设计方法,开发了专用的模具温控凝固成形（MTCS）数值模拟软件系统。首先进行了软件的需求分析建模,绘制了数据流图和数据字典,直观地描述了单元信息、边界条件、刚度矩阵等数据的流动。在需求分析的基础上进行了系统设计,将程序划分成相变潜热、刚度矩阵计算及矩阵求解等10个主要模块,并编制了主模块与各子模块的程序流程图,定义了模块之间的数据接口。软件的前后处理模块的设计与实现在MSC．male软件上进行,求解器模块则采用fortran语言编程实现。最后设计了测试实例对软件进行了测试,并与MSC．marc软件的计算结果进行了对比,误差在3％以内。     

产品模块化设计方法的研究

产品模块化设计方法作为一种新的现代设计方法,它主要是通过综合考虑零部件之间存在的功能相关性、几何相关性和物理相关性等建立产品的原始矩阵,然后应用模糊数学中的模糊聚类分析方法对其划分,并且按不同水平的阈值得到一个动态聚类树,最后根据需求形成模块.以二级圆锥齿轮减速器为例,阐述了该方法的应用.     

基于谱系聚类的数控机床模块划分系统

为研究开发有效的计算机辅助数控机床模块划分系统,利用AHP以及谱系聚类算法,结合卧式数控车床模块划分的实际,从功能出发阐述了模块划分过程.通过相关度矩阵得到距离矩阵,运用谱系聚类方法对距离矩阵进行聚合,得到划分结果,并在此基础上利用VB以及Matlab开发了数控机床模块划分系统.通过实例设计及结果分析证明该划分系统进行模块划分十分有效、准确且快捷.     

基于广义模块化的客车底架参数化设计

针对客车传统模块设计方法的不足,基于广义模块化理论对客车底架进行参数化设计。利用广义结构模块矩阵对客车底架进行模块划分,结合用户需求矩阵实现总长为10.0~12.0 m同系列客车车型底架的设计。采用HyperWorks软件对所设计的系列车型整车骨架建立有限元模型,通过2种工况下强度和刚度分析验证设计的可行性。结果表明:广义模块化设计理论在客车底架的设计上具有良好的适用性;在弯曲及扭转工况下的最大应力值、整车的弯曲刚度和扭转刚度均与底架中段模块长度的改变呈现线性关系;总长为10.0,10.5和11.0m的3部车型能够满足相关设计要求。     

基于遗传算法的数控机床服务模块配置设计

为实现数控机床总体配置的最优化设计,采用遗传算法对数控机床服务模块进行配置设计.根据数控机床产品全生命周期过程中相关服务类型,将服务模块划分为产品相关服务模块和产品不相关服务模块.主要研究产品不相关服务模块,利用遗传算法对各个服务模块进行编码,并以服务价值系数、服务质量水平和客户相对满意度作为优化目标构建适应度函数,建立数控机床服务模块化多目标模型.通过各个服务模块以及子模块之间的相互约束关系保证模型的有效性.最后,通过MATLAB编程求解得到服务模块配置方案.     

求解四元数线性系统的一种新方法

利用矩阵半张量积以及矩阵的H-表示方法求解四元数Stein方程的循环解。首先提出了四元数矩阵的矩阵半张量积的一些新结论,进而利用这些结论将四元数Stein方程转化为具有独立变量的矩阵方程;然后利用循环矩阵的H-表示以及经典矩阵理论给出原系统循环解存在的充要条件及通解表达式;最后通过相应的数值算法验证该算法的有效性,并将该方法用于求解线性时变系统中的四元数Stein方程。     

基于需求—功能映射分析的概念设计

产品设计是从市场需求映射（求解）至产品（设计解）的过程。概念设计直接考虑客户需求，是产品设计过程中最重要、最复杂，同时又是最活跃、最富创造性的设计阶段。利用价值工程的思想，提出了一种需求和功能分析的方法，将用户需求转化为产品的功能系统图Function System Chart(FSC），把用户需求与产品功能有机联系起来，并利用数据库技术实现概念产品的设计过程，从而能够有效地实现客户需求向概念设计的转化。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that