工业发酵废液生产单细胞蛋白的研究

从工业发酵生产柠檬酸，土霉素无毒有机废水中分别筛选出合适的酵母菌株Ｌｃ１，９，１１，Ｋｙ１１，利用这种无毒有机废水发酵生产单细胞蛋白，其中Ｋｙ１１产率可达１．１１％，粗蛋白含量可达４６．５％，不仅可获得单细胞蛋白，而且改善了此类废水的水质。     

灵芝深层培养工艺的研究

为了提高发酵终了时灵芝菌丝浓度以获取高等真菌多糖，对灵芝ＡＳ．５．６５的深层培养工艺进行了研究。确定了最适发酵条件为：５％玉米淀粉、０．３％玉米浆、１％豆饼粉、０．６％糖蜜、０．１５％ＫＨ２ＰＯ４、０．０７５％ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ，ｐＨ５．５～６．０，温度２８℃，摇床转速１５０ｒ／ｍｉｎ，摇瓶种子培养３ｄ接种。接种量５％、装液量５０ｍＬ，培养５～６ｄ可终止发酵。最终菌体干重可达２７．５ｇ／Ｌ、含粗多糖２．６ｇ／Ｌ。     

酵母菌中海藻糖的提取方法与糖代谢研究

采用多种方法（三氯乙酸提取法、冷乙醇提取法、热乙醇提取法和热蒸馏水提取法）从酵母菌中提取非还原性二糖海藻糖,产率分别为１３．３８％,９．６８％,９．７５％和９．５５％．并对酵母菌中海藻糖的代谢进行研究,发现随培养条件恶化,酵母菌体内海藻糖含量有不同程度的提高．提高培养基中Ｔｒｉｓ含量,则海藻糖含量趋于下降     

高粱红色素提取的新方法及其性质研究

以廉价高粱壳为原料及６５°二锅头酒为提取溶剂提取得到了高粱红色素．对溶液的酸碱性、反应温度、反应时间等进行了一系列研究得到了较合理的提取工艺参数，使产率可达８．５％．     

TiSiW12O40／TiO2催化合成葡萄糖五异丁酸酯

报道了新型催化剂ＴｉＳｉＷ１２Ｏ４０／ＴｉＯ２催化酯化合成葡萄糖五异丁酸酯的糖酸比，催化剂用量，反应时间，反应温度褚因素对产率的影响。实验表明：ＴｉＳｉＷ１２Ｏ４０／ＴｉＯ２具有良好的催化活性，糖酸摩尔比为１：５．５，催化剂的用量为反应液的２％，酯化反应时间为２ｈ，反应温度１００￣１０５℃，反应产率可达８９．６％。     

制备[Cr（H2O）4Cl2）]Cl的微型实验探讨

探索出了一套制备［Ｃｒ（Ｈ２Ｏ）４Ｃｌ２］Ｃｌ的微型实验装置．用该装置进行实验,药品用量：ＣｒＯ３０５ｇ、浓ＨＣｌ３ｍＬ,仅为常规实验的１／２０．产品产率可达９５％,提高产率３０％左右．其优点是显著地减轻了环境污染,具有良好的环境效益、教学效益和经济效益．     

从段间油制取苯、甲苯和石油树脂──裂解轻焦油综合利用研究

裂解轻油是重要的化工原料。“压缩段间油”是用管式炉裂解炼厂气时得到的裂解轻油。本工作用比较简单的以催化聚合为基础的加工方法得到了合成级的苯、甲苯和可用于橡胶、油漆等工业的石油树脂。对段间油的重量产率力苯４６．４±２．１％,甲苯９．７±１．６％,石油树脂１０．９±１．５％。此项工作为工业放大试验提供了必要的数据。     

均匀设计在肌苷发酵中的应用

采用均匀设计对肌苷工程菌枯草芽孢杆菌株Ｑ２９０１－４－３５（ＳＧｒ）的最佳发酵条件进行了研究。确定发酵培养基配方为（质量分数）葡萄糖１２％ ,药用酵母粉１．４％ ,硫酸铵１．３％ ,玉米浆０．５％ ,Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４·１２Ｈ２Ｏ ０．５％ ,ＫＣｌ０．６％ ,ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ ０．２２％ ,ＣａＣＯ３ ２．０％ ,尿素０．２％ （分消）ｐＨ７．０,在上述发酵培养基中发酵产苷达１５．２０ｇ／Ｌ,该菌株的产苷能力比在原发酵培养基中的产苷能力提高了１０％ 。从而证明均匀设计实验所给回归模型对发酵条件的选择具有重要的指导意义。     

金属卟啉在医学和催化中的应用Ⅰ．卟啉配体的合成与方法改良

用改良的Ａｄｌｅｒ－ｌｏｎｇＯ方法合成了若干卟啉配体，得到铰高的收率，所合成的卟啉及所得产率分别为（１）ＴＰＰ２７．３％；（２）Ｔ（３，４，５－３ＭｅＯ－Ｐ）Ｐ３０．４％，（３）Ｔ（４—Ｍｅ—Ｐ）Ｐ２３．９％，（４）Ｔ（３，５—２Ｍｅ）Ｐ２２％；（５）Ｔ（４－Ｃｌ－Ｐ）Ｐ２９．８％，合成反应在低于丙酸的回流温度下进行．     

黑曲霉发酵玉米淀粉生产柠檬酸

用紫外线和亚硝基胍诱变相结合的方法,从野生黑曲霉菌株出发,经多次诱变筛选,得到一株能够较好地利用玉米淀粉生产柠檬酸的黑曲霉菌株Ａ．ｎｉｇｅｒ９５。对Ａ．ｎｉｇｅｒ９５在摇瓶和发酵罐上用玉米淀粉发酵产生柠檬酸的适宜条件作了详细研究。经过比较,认为摇瓶产生柠檬酸的适宜培养基配方及发酵条件为：玉米淀粉２０％（均为质量分数,下同）、（ＮＨ４）ＳＯ４０．２％、ＫＨ２ＰＯ４０．２％、ＭｇＳＯ４７Ｈ２Ｏ０．０５％,甲醇３％,初始ｐＨ３．０。接种液体种子５％,３０℃２００ｒ／ｍｉｎ发酵７ｄ,柠檬酸产量１０．８％。在６．６Ｌ的Ｂｉｏｆｌｏ－Ⅱ型发酵罐上设定３０℃,５００～６００ｒ／ｍｉｎ,ｐＨ４．０,１．２～２．５Ｌ／ｍｉｎ的通气量,发酵１３２ｈ,柠檬酸产量为９．３％。可用价格低廉、来源丰富的玉米淀粉代替传统的薯干,作为发酵生产柠檬酸的原料,为实际生产奠定了基础。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.