自动指纹识别技术的发展与应用

自动指纹识别技术是利用人类指纹的唯一性，通过对指纹图案的采样、特征信息提取并与库存样本相比较的过程来实现身份识别的技术。与帐号＋密码、IC卡等传统的身份识别手段相比，自动指纹识别技术具有不完全丢失、不会遗记、唯一性、不变性、防伪性能好和使用方便等优点，已经逐步在门禁、考勤、金融、公共安全和电子商务等领域得到应用。介绍了自动指纹识别技术的研究现状和指纹特征定义和提取、指纹比对等主要研究内容，分析了该技术面临的主要困难：指纹采集、指纹分类和缺乏相应的系统性能评价体系，提出了该技术的发展方向为非接触式复皮层指纹采集、兼容主流采集设备的识别芯片的开发和多种生物识别技术的融合，对该技术的发展进行了预测。     

基于BP神经网络的刮擦式指纹识别算法研究

该文针对刮擦式指纹识别中辨识率不高、算法不稳定等问题,提出了一种基于BP神经网络的指纹识别算法。在通过指纹传感器采集好指纹图片后,拼接成完整的指纹图片,首先通过中值滤波降噪、二值化等图像预处理方法获得了增强后的指纹图像,运用基于网格的八方向梯度特征对指纹图像进行特征点提取,最后采用BP神经网络对指纹图像进行识别。通过仿真进行验证,与其他两种算法进行对比分析,仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

一种基于B样条的指纹识别算法

以往的指纹识别系统中，通常集中于使用脊线端点、分岔点等局部特征作为识别的基础信息进行分析。目前国际上的指纹研究趋势是使用结构性信息对指纹图章进行分类和识别。在本文中提出了一种通过B-样条曲线族实现指纹图像预识别的新方法。     

基于ARM和深度学习的大数据 指纹识别系统设计

针对传统指纹识别系统在面对大数据指纹图像时具有识别效率不高、需要手动设计提取的特征的缺点,提出了一种基于ARM和深度学习的大数据指纹识别系统.首先,描述了指纹识别系统的原理图.然后,设计了系统硬件框图,采用S3C2410C作为微处理器,采用FPS200指纹图像作为传感器,并设计了两者之间的接口电路;最后,重点设计了指纹识别的软件过程,建立一个可以进行指纹自动识别的通用多层深层神经网络.通过设计系统软硬件并进行测试,结果表明文中设计的指纹识别系统具有很高的指纹识别准确度,能有效处理大数据指纹图像的识别,且与其他基于人工提取特征的方法相比,具有更高的识别正确率和识别效率.     

基于联合变换相关器的光电混合指纹识别技术

指纹识别具有很好的方便性和可靠性,是现代社会应用最广的生物特征识别技术.本文介绍指纹识别技术的发展和分类,论述了基于联合变换相关器的光电混合指纹识别技术,包括指纹取像技术与指纹预处理、指纹图像的匹配、系统的性能参数的定义以及光学联合变换相关器的各种改进方法,讨论了光电混合指纹识别技术的发展方向.     

生物识别安全技术

用于生物识别的生物特征有手形、指纹、脸形、虹膜、视网膜、脉搏、耳廓等, 行为特征有签字、声音、按键力度等。基于这些特征,人们已经发展了手形识别、指纹识别、面部识别、发音识别、虹膜识别、签名识别等多种生物识别技术。指纹识别技术:现在的指纹识别系统采用了电容传感器技术,由电容传感器发出电子信号,这个电子信号将穿过手指的表面和死性皮肤层,最终达到手指皮肤的活体层(真皮层),直接读取指纹图案,从而大大提高了系统的安全性。     

采用八方向Gabor滤波的指纹识别算法

采用指纹增强算法与复滤波器中心点定位结合的方法,有效地解决低质量指纹图像中心点定位问题,实现了平移不变.同时,采用基于结构的指纹特征提取算法,用八方向Gabor滤波提取指纹的全局特征和局部脊线特征,实现了旋转不变.在FVC2004指纹库上的仿真实验表明:该算法取得较好的识别效果,优于基于单Finger Code特征和基于点模式的指纹识别算法.     

联合人脸与指纹的多模态生物特征识别方法综述

由于基于生物特征识别的方式不但简单快速,而且安全可靠,近年来,作为生物特征识别的典型技术,人脸识别与指纹识别被广泛应用.然而,使用单一特征的生物特征识别系统,其正确率和稳定性还有待提高,且容易被作弊手段攻破.因此,侧重于回顾联合人脸与指纹的多模态生物特征识别方法.首先分别回顾了人脸、指纹识别的研究现状;然后对单模态生物特征识别面临的挑战进行了总结;在此基础上,为了解决单模态生物特征识别存在的正确率不够高和稳定性不够强等问题,重点讨论了联合人脸与指纹进行多模态生物特征识别的方法和未来的发展方向.     

指纹信号的识别特征提取和处理技术

指纹识别技术一般由图像采集,预处理,特征提取,特征匹配,数据库管理五部分组成.本文根据方向图二值化处理,提取细节特征点,以及点模式匹配等算法对初始指纹图像进行处理,实验效果达到了预先的设想,成功实现了指纹图像的识别和匹配.     

基于Finger-mixNet的指纹识别算法研究

针对传统指纹识别方法存在准确率低、推理速度慢等问题,提出了一种应用于指纹识别和匹配的深度学习模型Finger-mixNet指纹识别算法。Finger-mixNet模型基于卷积神经网络和Transformer结构进行关联融合,包括两个核心模块共同表征指纹识别任务的深度特征。Network-C模块基于卷积神经网络获取浅层纹理特征,Network-TC模块基于自注意力机制和卷积共同捕捉指纹深度特征信息,在获得对重点区域注意力的同时,具有比传统卷积更小的计算开销。为证明模型的有效性,在自建的指纹数据集和公共数据集中对模型进行了测试,在自建数据集中Finger-mixNet达到了97.1%的识别准确率,在公共数据集中也取得了98.3%的识别准确率,除此之外Finger-mixNet在保持高识别率同时在上述两种数据集中均能保持200FPS的识别速度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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