基于响应面分析法的草鱼蛋白酶解工艺

应用响应面分析法对草鱼蛋白两段酶解的条件分别进行优化,第一段酶解复合使用胰酶／风味蛋白酶（质量比为4：1）,以蛋白质利用率为响应值;第二段酶解用木瓜蛋白酶,以肽得率为响应值．最终确定第一段酶解的最优条件为：酶（E）与底物（S）的质量比为0．3：100,温度为53℃,时间为5．90h;第二段酶解的最优条件为：E与S的质量比为0．12：100,温度为60℃,时间为5．60h．利用凝胶色谱测得最优条件下制备酶解液组分的相对分子质量范围介于714～8790之间,酶解液中肽含量超过50％（质量分数）,与响应面模型所预测的肽得率（52．55％）相吻合．     

响应面法优化银鱼多肽的酶解工艺研究

为了提高银鱼的附加值,采用蛋白酶水解其蛋白制备银鱼多肽.以水解度为优化指标,确定酸性蛋白酶为最佳用酶,研究了温度、pH、料液比和加酶量对水解度的影响.用Design-Expert 8.0软件进行响应面最佳条件优化,确定最适水解条件为:41℃,pH 4.0,料液比1∶52,酶解时间6h和加酶量2.3%.优化后水解度达到15.13%,为银鱼的综合利用提供了一种新方法.     

响应面法在番茄汁酶解工艺中的应用

选取果胶酶添加量、酶解温度和酶解时间三个因素进行中心组合设计,利用响应面法对其提取工艺进行优化研究.利用DesignExpert软件分析,结果表明最佳工艺条件为果胶酶用量0.18％,酶解时间91.9 min,酶解温度52℃.在此条件下,出汁率达到77.38％.     

鳙鱼活性多肽酶法制备工艺研究

为优化鳙鱼活性多肽酶法制备工艺,分析了鳙鱼肉糜预处理温度和酶解温度对水解度的影响,确定了最佳的预处理条件为85℃水浴中加热预处理20 min,酶解温度设为55～75℃.经均匀设计实验优选和最优条件验证实验证实,以氮溶指数为指标的最优酶解条件为:酶解时间8.0 h,固液比1∶4.25,蛋白酶A用量3‰,酶解温度75℃,产物氮溶指数达80.54%;以多肽得率为指标的最优酶解条件为:酶解时间8.0 h,固液比1∶2,蛋白酶A用量3‰,酶解温度75℃,产物多肽得率达11.92%;以产物总抗氧化指数为指标的最优酶解条件为:酶解时间1.0 h,固液比1∶6,蛋白酶A用量3‰,酶解温度55℃,所得产物总抗氧化指数达87.42‰.     

牛角粉蒸汽闪爆处理及酶解效果筛选

为提高蒸汽闪爆处理后牛角蛋白酶解率和探究在不同溶剂中溶解度的条件,试验选取牛角粉(牦牛角)为原料,溶解度和酶解率为评价指标,在单因素试验基础上,采用响应面三因素三水平中心组和试验对酶解条件进行优化,最佳酶解工艺:酶添加量1.4％、底物浓度为6％、时间8.0h、温度为60℃、pH=8.在此蒸汽闪爆处理酶解条件下压力4.0...     

虾类加工副产物酶解工艺初探

为了提高虾类资源利用率以及加工副产物的风味,采用酶法水解技术对影响虾类加工副产物酶解程度的各个因素进行了研究,包括酶制剂及其用量、固液比、酶解时间、酶解温度和pH。通过一系列单因素实验和对酶用量、酶解时间、酶解温度的正交试验确定了最佳酶解条件。结果表明:最适酶制剂为由中性蛋白酶与风味蛋白酶复合而成的复合酶;酶用量分别为中性蛋白酶1 000 U/g,风味蛋白酶1 000 U/g;固液比为1:5,其中固体为20 g;最适合的酶解温度:第一段酶解为55℃,第二段酶解为50℃;酶解时间:第一段酶解为1 h,第二段酶解为3 h;最适pH为7.0。     

纤维素酶法提取花生壳中木犀草素工艺研究

研究纤维素酶法提取花生壳中木犀草素的最佳工艺条件。方法:采用紫外分光光度计在波长为n=408nm处测定木犀草素含量,以提取率为指标,分别考察了料液比、酶用量、酶解时间、酶解温度、回流时间对其含量的影响。纤维素酶酶解花生壳的最佳工艺条件:料液比1:8(w/v)、酶用量0.1%、酶解时间1.5h、酶解温度50℃、回流时间1.5h。     

酒糟中蛋白质的提取工艺

采用响应面法优化酒糟中蛋白质的提取条件.在单因素实验的基础上,选取醇碱比、固液比、提取时间为影响因子,应用Box-Behnken中心组合进行3因素3水平的实验设计,以蛋白质提取率作为响应值,进行响应面分析.结果表明,酒糟中蛋白质最佳提取条件为:提取时间87.2min,固液比(g/mL)为1:42.3,醇碱比为1:2.7,提取率预测值19.57%,验证值19.40%,与预测值的相对误差0.88%.     

小麦麸皮木瓜蛋白酶法提取工艺研究

采用木瓜蛋白酶提取麦麸中的蛋白质,以蛋白提取率为指标,研究了温度、pH值、固液比、酶用量、提取时间对蛋白提取率的影响.用正交实验确定木瓜蛋白酶提取麦麸蛋白较适宜的条件为固液比为1∶10,提取时间为2.5 h,温度为55℃,pH值为7.0,酶与底物比为0.6%,提取率最高达到44.34%.     

酶解辅助水法提取土茯苓总黄酮工艺条件研究

采用了酶解辅助水法提取土茯苓总黄酮.以芦丁为标准品,用铝离子显色、紫外-可见分光光度法测定总黄酮含量.以总黄酮提取率为考察指标,通过单因素实验探讨酶用量、固液比、提取温度、提取次数对总黄酮提取率的影响,优化提取条件.结果表明最佳提取工艺条件为:酶用量2.0%、固液比例1:8、提取温度100℃、提取3次.最佳条件下,粗提物干粉得率为14.0%,干粉总黄酮含量为4.1%,总黄酮提取率为0.57%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with