奇围长为g的对称本原有向图的局部指数集

设D是一个本原有向图且u∈V(D),D在u点的指数expD(u)定义为这样的一个最小正整数k,它使得对任意v∈V(D),D中从u到v均有长为k的有向通道.令V(D)＝{1,2,…,n}使得expD(1)≤expD(2)≤…≤expD(n).此时称expD(k)为D的第k个局部指数.本文考察了奇围长为g≤「 n+2 」的n阶对称本原有向图并得到其局部指数集的完全刻划.     

围长为3的n阶本原有向图的Lewin指数集

设D是一个本原有向图,则存在正整数k,使得对D中某两点u,v,在D中从u到v有长为k和k 1的有向途径,这样的最小正整数k称为D的Lewin指数.本文给出围长为3的n阶本原有向图的Lewin指数集l(Dn,3):l(D4,3)={1};l(Dn,3)={1,2,…,n-2}(n≥5).     

围长为2的本原不可幂带号有向图的Lewin指数集

设S是一个本原不可幂带号有向图,则存在正整数k,使得存在u,v∈V（S）,S中从u到v有长为k和k＋1的有向SSSD途径（SSSD途径是有相同起点、终点、长度和不同符号的一对有向途径）,这样的最小正整数k称为S的Lewin指数,记作l（S）．给出了围长为2的本原不可幂带号有向图的Lewin指数的最大值和指数集的部分元素．     

一类非本原有向图第k个顶点指数集

非本原有向图的广义本原指数是本原有向图的广义本原指数的推广,文中主要给出了围长为2的n阶k-本原(非本原)有向图的第k个顶点指数[expD(k)]的最好上界：(1)若n≥7,则expD(k)≤n^2-7n k 14;(2)若n=3,5,则expD(k)≤2n k-6;(3)若n=4,6,则expD(k)≤2n k-5,并且确定了相应的指数集.     

恰有d个顶点带环的本原有向图的公共后继的界

如果存在正整数p,使有向图G中任一有序顶点对u和v都有长为p的途径,则有向图G称为本原有向图．设Pn(d)是n(n≥3)阶恰有d个顶点带环的本原有向图的集合,LG(k)是本原有向图G的k-公共后继(k-c．c．),2≤k≤n;又设L(n,d,k)=max|LG(k)|G∈Pn(d)|,由此得到了k-公共后继的界：n-[d/2]≤L(n,d,k)≤n-1,1≤d≤n．     

一类本原有向图的m-competition指数

设D是一个n阶本原有向图, 对于正整数m及n(1≤m≤n), 定义本原有向图D的m competition指数为最小正整数k, 满足对于任意一对顶点x和y, 在D中都存在m个不同的顶点v1,v2,…,vm,使得xkvi且ykvi(i=1,2,…,m).文中讨论了一个含有两个n-2圈和一个n-3圈的n阶本原有向图D。由D的结构得到本原有向图Dn-2和Dn-3, 再根据m-competition指数的定义, 得到这个本原有向图D的m-competition指数。     

给定指数的本原有向图的哈密尔顿性质<英>

本文研究了给定指数n+s(n-2)的本原有向图的哈密尔顿性质,并得到如下结果:(1)设D是围长为s≥2,指数为n+s(n-2)的n阶本原有向图,如果D中有一个r-圈,使降(r,s)=1.则D是哈密尔顿的。(2)设D是包含环,指数为2n-2的n阶本原有向图,则D是哈密尔顿的充要条件是d(D)=n-2,这里d(D)是使γ(n,v)=γ(D)的n到v的最大距离。     

一个本原图的scrambling指数

若存在非负整数k（k〉0）,D中的每一对顶点（u,v）都存在另一顶点w,使得从w到u和v都有长为k的途径,且这个k是所有满足上述条件中的最小的整数,就是D的scram-bling指数,记作k（D）.文章给出了一个特殊的本原图的scrambling指数.     

一个本原图的scrambling指数

若存在非负整数k（k〉0）,D中的每一对顶点（u,v）都存在另一顶点w,使得从w到u和v都有长为k的途径,且这个k是所有满足上述条件中的最小的整数,就是D的scram-bling指数,记作k（D）.文章给出了一个特殊的本原图的scrambling指数.     

完全二部图K7，n当n较小时的点可区别IE-全染色

设G是简单图,图G的一个中k-点可区别IE-全染色（简记为k-VDIET染色）。f是指一个从V（G） E（G）到｛12,…,k）的映射,且满足：uv∈E（G）,有f（v）;u,v∈V（G）,u≠v,有C（u）≠C（v）,其中C（u）={f（u）}{f（u）}uv∈E（G）。数min{k｜G有一个k-VDIET染色｝称为...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that