双辊薄带下不锈钢铸轧过程的耦合数值模拟

采用有限元法模拟了双辊铸轧不锈钢过程的流热耦合问题;分析了铸轧速度对熔池内流场、温度场的影响以及流场与温度场之间的相互影响;给出了凝固过程中熔池与铸轧辊之间的热流密度变化趋势及随铸轧速度的变化规律,并把此模拟的结果与试验的结果相比较,吻合较好;通过熔池内温度场及温度梯度分析了熔池内凝固的发展及其对热流密度变化的影响·此模拟结果可以为控制铸轧过程的稳定提供有效的数据     

异径双辊薄带铸轧熔池中钢液流动特性

采用有限差分和二维稳态层流模型,应用边界适体坐标(ＢＦＣ)技术对异径双辊薄带铸轧熔池中钢液的流动进行了数值仿真·分析了铸辊转速、液面宽度、浇注区宽度、浇注位置等操作和设计参数对流场的影响·计算结果表明钢液注入熔池后,在双辊相向转动的作用下,会引起强制对流并产生２个逆时针方向的回流区·通过对不同工况的分析指出浇钢时采取低压头、偏流浇注并维持一定的液面高度等操作有利于铸轧过程的稳定进行·     

双辊铸轧超高强铝合金有限元数值模拟

采用有限元法对双辊铸轧7075和7050铝合金的工艺过程进行了数值模拟,研究了合金成分和铸轧速度对铸轧熔池内温度场、流场和凝固场的影响规律。结果表明,在同一铸轧速度条件下,随着合金的等效比热增大,合金在铸轧熔池内的温度梯度随之减小,凝固速率减慢;对于同一种合金,随着铸轧速度增加,合金的速度梯度随之增大,熔池内所形成漩涡的位置下降。模拟结果为下一步的铸轧实验提供了理论依据。     

双辊铸轧超高强铝合金有限元数值模拟

采用有限元法对双辊铸轧7075和7050铝合金的工艺过程进行了数值模拟,研究了合金成分和铸轧速度对铸轧熔池内温度场、流场和凝固场的影响规律。结果表明,在同一铸轧速度条件下,随着合金的等效比热增大,合金在铸轧熔池内的温度梯度随之减小,凝固速率减慢;对于同一种合金,随着铸轧速度增加,合金的速度梯度随之增大,熔池内所形成漩涡的位置下降。模拟结果为下一步的铸轧实验提供了理论依据。     

镁合金薄带双辊铸轧过程的数值模拟

基于立式薄带双辊铸轧工艺的特点,采用有限元法求解镁合金薄带双辊铸轧过程的三维宏观传输方程,并应用ANSYS软件的智能网格划分技术,实现了对铸轧过程中熔池内部温度场、速度场及凝固过程的耦合模拟.分析了铸轧速度及浇注温度等主要工艺参数对熔池内流场、温度场和凝固终了点的影响规律.研究结果表明,随着浇注温度和铸轧速度的增加,熔池出口处的温度升高,凝固终了点向熔池出口处移动.通过对模拟结果的讨论,给出了适合镁合金薄带铸轧过程的工艺参数:浇注温度为640~660℃,铸轧速度为20~30 m/min.     

双辊铸轧中辊套传热的集肤效应及最大铸轧速度

基于热平衡原理,用大型通用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了双辊连续铸轧中辊套二维稳态传热计算模型;分析在不同转速、材料和内冷等工况下旋转辊套的传热规律,揭示了辊套传热的"集肤效应"和铸轧不同板坯厚度时能够达到的最大铸轧速度.仿真研究表明:随着铸轧速度的提高,"集肤效应"越明显;改变内冷条件,如与内部冷却水的换热系数从5000W/(m2·K)增至25000W/(m2·K),铸轧速度提高不明显;而应用导热性能好的铜辊套,由于其热穿透能力提高,铸轧速度大大提高.     

铸轧速度对液态金属凝固行为的影响

双辊铸轧是一种高效制备金属薄板带坯的先进技术.在铸轧过程中,熔池内的液态金属受到强冷、熔体对流的影响;随着铸轧速度的提高,熔池深度向轧制方向延伸,熔池头部的金属熔体受到轧制压力的作用.作者采用双辊铸轧工艺,在实验室小型工业铸轧机上以不同的铸轧速度生产出2 mm和3 mm纯铝薄板带坯,通过对铝带坯凝固区的显微组织观察及熔池温度场特性的分析,对铸轧速度对液态金属的凝固行为的影响进行了研究.图2,参10.     

异径双辊连铸薄带坯凝固传热的数学模型

给出了轧辊上一维传热的数学模型及其解析解,从而导出透热深度;利用焓法建立了在薄带坯铸轧中钢液凝固传热过程的数学模型,并通过离散化和差分法给出各节点处温度及焓值的数学模型;预示凝固前沿x_3 与时间的对应关系;通过模拟计算分析了传热系数h对凝固场的影响,辊材对温度场的影响,确定临界速度。为控制铸轧速度与辊材的选择提供了科学依据。     

CSP结晶器内钢液流动及凝固的数值模拟

应用数值模拟方法,建立CSP漏斗型结晶器内钢液流动及凝固传热耦合模型。针对结晶器内铸坯角部受到强冷的特点,对结晶器内热流密度采用修正方程进行计算,分析热流密度修正系数对铸坯凝固坯壳表面温度计算精度的影响。通过比较不同拉坯速率下结晶器内钢液凝固的特点,研究凝固坯壳对结晶器内钢液流动行为的影响。结果表明,采用热流密度修正系数后,铸坯凝固坯壳角部温度的计算值与实际情况更相符;提高拉坯速率可使铸坯凝固坯壳厚度减小;拉坯速率较大时凝固坯壳厚度随铸坯距弯月面距离的增大基本呈线性增长,拉坯速率为3m/min时,凝固坯壳在生长过程中厚度的增长有短暂的停滞现象;凝固坯壳对钢液流动的影响较大,主要是由钢液有效流动区域减少及两相区额外动量阻损造成的。     

连铸坯截面尺寸对流动、凝固及溶质分布的影响

采用方坯连铸过程三维紊流、凝固传热及溶质传输的耦合模型,在其他模拟条件相同的情况下,研究铸坯截面尺寸对连铸过程的影响·结果表明,截面尺寸大者,入流速度大,更深浸入铸坯内部,带动较多钢液随之流动,在结晶器上部的紊流程度较高·对于FeC二元合金,由温度和溶质浓度共同决定了凝固坯壳的分布·小截面尺寸铸坯,溶质在各截面上偏析更为严重·其凝固坯壳也较薄,为防止拉漏,应采用长结晶器     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that