德尔布干成矿带中段新元古代正长岩-花岗岩岩体的地球化学特征及成因

在德尔布干深断裂中段西北侧的额尔古纳地块上识别出一套正长岩-花岗岩组合,其形成时代为新元古代晚期,岩石类型为石英正长岩、二长花岗岩、钾长花岗岩.石英正长岩SiO2质量分数为60.86%～66.14%,高Al2O3,高K2O Na2O、富钾,暗色矿物主要为角闪石,为准铝质钾玄岩系列岩石,铕负异常不明显(0.81);花岗岩高硅、富碱,暗色矿物主要为黑云母,铕负异常明显(0.08～0.46).地球化学特征表明:岩石主要形成于晚造山-后造山环境,花岗岩为铝质A型花岗岩,来源于古老陆壳的部分熔融.正长岩-花岗岩组合为探索区域前寒武纪地块晚期演化历史提供了约束.     

甘肃龙首山成矿带青山堡岩体地球化学特征及成因意义

青山堡岩体位于阿拉善地块西南缘,龙首山隆起带与走廊过渡带交界处,产有少量淋积型铀矿床及矿化点,为揭示其成因意义,并初步探讨其构造环境,对青山堡岩体进行地球化学研究。所采样品经野外与显微镜下鉴定分别为肉红色中粗粒钾长花岗岩、灰白色中粗粒二长花岗岩、黑云母花岗闪长岩、石英二长岩。通过对样品进行主量元素和微量元素的测试分析发现; SiO_2质量分数变化范围为62. 79%～78. 51%,全碱(K_2O+Na_2O)含量除一个二长花岗岩样品外其他均大于7. 02%,钾长、二长花岗岩和花岗岩闪长岩里特曼指数为1. 01～2. 47,为钙碱性岩列,石英二长岩里特曼指数3. 39～3. 56,为碱性岩性;在AR-SiO_2图解上,大多样品点投影到钙碱性-碱性系列过渡区域;在微量元素组成上,石英二长岩、花岗闪长岩的稀土总量较高,为204. 0×10~(-6)～289. 5×10~(-6),而钾长花岗岩、二长花岗岩的稀土总量仅为41. 8×10~(-6)～85. 5×10~(-6),稀土元素球粒陨石标准曲线均均为右倾。样品微量元素均富集Th、U、Nb、Zr、Hf等大离子亲石元素(LILE)、稀土元素La、Ce、Nd等稀土元素、亏损Ba、Ta、Nb、Ti、P、Y等高场强元素(HFSE),暗示具有岛弧火山岩的特征。应用主、微量元素构造判别图解,并结合前人对该区构造-岩浆演化的研究,青山堡岩体形成于晚奥陶世北祁连洋岛弧与阿拉善地块碰撞,和之后早志留世造山带根部的岩石发生拆沉,引起造山带上不同块体的伸展、滑塌的构造环境。     

黑龙江鹿鸣钼矿床成矿岩体岩石地球化学特征

鹿鸣钼矿床产于燕山早期二长花岗岩-花岗斑岩岩体中,对其岩石学和地球化学特征进行分析.结果表明:SiO2质量分数在6384%~7132%之间,全碱质量分数为69%~84%,w(K2O)/w(Na2O)平均为137.岩体大部分属于偏铝-过铝质高钾钙碱性花岗岩.稀土元素总量值高,轻稀土富集,稀土分配模式为右倾曲线,同时Eu出现弱到中等程度的亏损.研究认为与成矿有关的二长花岗岩-花岗斑岩的岩浆属壳源岩浆演化形成的A2型花岗岩岩石组合,其形成背景应属于陆-陆碰撞之后的伸展体系.     

内蒙古阿拉善右旗陶来北部侵入岩体地球化学特征及构造环境

内蒙古阿拉善右旗陶来北部侵入岩体位于阿拉善地块,宗乃山--沙拉扎山晚古生代陆壳基底火山弧构造带中段,主要由石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩和花岗岩组成.通过岩体地球化学特征研究,认为该区梧桐沟石英闪长岩体具有中硅、中等富铝、相对贫钠富钾、钙镁质量分数中等特点.阿门尚德石英闪长岩硅质量分数中等、富铝贫碱、相对富钠贫钾,钙镁质量分数较高.两个石英闪长岩体稀土总量为84.72×10-6～121.79×10-6,轻、重稀土分馏程度较低,重稀土无明显的分馏,具有弱负Eu异常.花岗闪长岩高硅、富铝、碱中等、富钠贫钾,钙镁中等,稀土总量为228.17×10-6,轻、重稀土比值为34.93,轻、重稀土分馏程度高,重稀土分馏较好.花岗岩高硅、富碱、铝中等、贫钠富钾,贫钙镁,稀土总量为89.2×10-6,轻、重稀土比值为20.81,轻、重稀土分馏程度较高,重稀土分馏较好.4个岩体整体表现为对大离子亲石元素:富集Rb,K,中等富集-富集Ba,中等富集Sr;对高场强元素:富集Th,中等富集Zr,亏损Nb,Ti,Y.综合地球化学特征表明,陶来北部岩体属于I型花岗岩体.结合区域地质背景分析研究认为该I型花岗岩形成于大陆边缘弧环境.     

粤北下庄岩体岩石化学特征与铀成矿关系探讨

粤北印支期下庄岩体岩石具有富硅(SiO2 =69.13％ ～73.39％,平均值71.73％)、富碱质(K2O+ Na2O =7.49％ ～8.69％,平均值7.97％)等特征,w(K2O)/w(Na2O) ＞1,铝饱和指数(ASI)为1.01 -1.21,岩体属于高钾钙碱性及过铝质岩石系列,以上特征表明,岩体属于典型...     

东秦岭丹凤地区钾长花岗岩年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

东秦岭丹凤地区古生代构造岩浆活动十分活跃.为进一步约束早古生代后碰撞阶段的开始时间,通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、主量元素和微量元素测定,对马莲滩一带产出的钾长花岗岩进行了岩相学、地球化学和同位素年代学研究.结果 表明,砖红色钾长花岗岩是高硅(71.79％ ～72.99％)、过钾质(K2O/Na2O 3.02...     

红石泉白岗岩地球化学特征及其构造意义

红石泉地区位于龙首山西部,对研究区内白岗岩进行了详细的岩相学和地球化学分析,以探讨其岩石成因、岩浆源区特征和大地构造背景.结果表明,红石泉白岗岩具有高SiO2(67.46％ ～75.56％)、富Al2 O3(11.46％ ～14.80％)、贫MgO(0.11％ ～0.99％)、低TFe2O3(0.53％ ～1.10％),铝饱和指数(A/CNK)为0.86～1.12,全碱(ALK)为8.58％ ～10.91％,属于准铝质-弱过铝质碱性花岗岩.白岗岩样品微量元素显示出铀、铷等元素相对富集,磷、钛、钡和铌等元素相对亏损,轻稀土元素(197.79×10-6～15.9×10-6)相对富集,重稀土(32.85×10-6～2.43×10-6)相对亏损,总体Eu负异常.上述地球化学特征均指示红石泉白岗岩具有I型花岗岩特征.综合分析认为,红石泉白岗岩可能形成于后碰撞伸展环境,是由于幔源岩浆底侵作用,提供充足外部热能,致使地壳物质发生部分熔融的产物.     

乙醇萃取法制备低Na;K高纯氯化锂

基于碱金属氯化物在乙醇中的溶解度差异,首次提出了乙醇萃取法制备低Na,K高纯氯化锂的工艺方法·除Ca实验表明,当草酸锂的加入量为0·6%时,Ca质量分数可控制在10×10-6~15×10-6以下;除Na,K实验表明,当液固比为8·5,过滤次数为2次时,Na质量分数可降到40×10-6以下,K质量分数可降到5×10-6以下·说明乙醇萃取法很好地解决了氯化锂制备中很难深度除去Na,K的技术难题     

胶东玲珑花岗岩的地球化学、U-Pb年代学、Lu-Hf同位素及地质意义

通过玲珑花岗岩的岩石地球化学、锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄和Lu-Hf同位素组成的测试和研究,讨论了玲珑花岗岩的成因、源区和构造背景。研究表明,玲珑花岗岩SiO2的质量分数为68.12%～75.4%,K2O的质量分数为3.7%～5.17%(平均为4.39%),A/CNK为0.72～1.04,属于富硅、高钾钙碱性、准铝质至弱过铝质系列花岗岩,其富集K、Ba、Rb、Sr等大离子亲石元素和Th、U等活泼的不相容元素,相对亏损Zr、Ti、Nb等高场强元素。岩石的高Sr含量(wSr>770×10-6)、低Y含量(wY<7.64×10-6)以及没有明显的负铕异常(δEu=0.85～1.84),与埃达克岩类似。花岗岩锆石εHf(t)=-18.06～-23.85,第二阶段Hf模式年龄TDM2=2358～2710Ma;T-εHf(t)图解和t-(176 Hf/177 Hf)图解显示岩浆源区为2.5Ga±的下地壳,Hf-Rb-Ta、Th/Hf-Ta/Hf判别图解和高的wLa/wNb比值(>2)显示岩石具活动大陆边缘火山弧花岗岩特征。花岗岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb加权平均年龄为(158.53±0.79)Ma(MSWD=0.13),属晚侏罗世。综合分析认为,燕山早期太平洋板块俯冲引起大陆弧伸展和岩石圈减薄,幔源岩浆底侵提供热动力,古老的镁铁质下地壳物质部分熔融形成玲珑花岗岩。     

湘东王仙花岗闪长斑岩的岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素组成

王仙花岗闪长斑岩出露于湖南省东部,通过地球化学和地质年代学方法对其岩石元素质量分数和锆石U-Pb-Hf同位素组成进行研究。研究结果表明:该岩体为富Si O2(其质量分数w(Si O2)为74.46%~75.79%)和Al2O3(w(Al2O3)为12.47%~12.83%),贫TFe2O3(w(TFe2O3)为0.96%~1.09%)和Mg O(w(Mg O)为0.17%~0.27%),且相对贫钠富钾(w(Na2O)/w(K2O)为0.39~0.57)的高钾钙碱性、强过铝质花岗岩;稀土元素质量分数较低,具有明显四组分配分曲线特征,相对富集Rb,Th,U,K,Nd,Hf和Sm,而亏损Ba,Eu,Sr,Ti和P;王仙花岗闪长斑岩的侵位年龄为(224.7±4.4)Ma,锆石的εHf(t)较稳定,为-6.83~-3.44,这表明王仙花岗闪长属于S型花岗岩,是华夏地块中元古代较成熟的泥质地壳部分熔融并有少量幔源物质侵入,经高程度分离结晶作用形成的;印支晚期华南板块同时受到古特提斯洋闭合和古太平洋板块向北西俯冲的影响,在碰撞后的伸展环境中,幔源物质底侵,造成地壳物质部分熔融并与幔源物质混合,形成王仙花岗闪长斑岩。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.