一种新的二叉树生成办法

通过实例阐述了二叉树的遍历与二叉排序树之间的联系,利用此联系给出了快速准确生成二叉树的方法,并对该方法加以了证明.     

一种新的分形序列生成方法

针对现有的算法只能生成单分形或只能生成重分形序列的问题,文中提出了一种新的分形序列生成方法--调整方差随机二分法,通过调整该方法中的参数值σ,可生成单分形或重分形序列,而生成单分形序列的自相似度和重分形序列的勒让德谱取决于σ.仿真实验结果证明该方法可以快速地生成较精确的自相似序列.采用文中提出的方法能生成具有不同程度局部突发的分形序列,可方便地模拟不同的网络流量.     

一种新的红外纹理生成方法

为解决大规模背景场景纹理生成中的问题,结合纹理数据和物理模型,提出一种新的红外纹理生成方法.分析背景红外成像模型,通过建立背景温度模型、辐射模型、灰度映射模型,得到不同天气、任意时段的红外灰度值;利用可见光纹理图像,结合统计方法提取灰度空间分布,合成红外纹理.通过调节合成因子,可以生成具有红外辐射信息又不乏灰度空间变化信息的红外场景仿真图像.实验结果表明:该方法有效解决了实测数据获取困难,复杂建模耗时耗力、计算误差大的问题;生成的红外场景可视化效果大大提高,同时也能真实反映场景24 h温度变化规律.     

一种新的矩形网格生成等值线算法

提出了一种利用数据关联表生成矩形网格等值线的算法。该算法的优点是计算效率高，避免了以往等值线追踪算法起始点选取困难、网格出口边判断复杂的问题。算法的追踪结果精度取决于等值点的计算方法，其精度是可控的。这种算法原理可以扩展应用到三角网格的等值线方法中。     

一种新的四边形的生成算法

Q-Morph算法在用Delaunay方法形成三角网格的基础上，利用已有的网格拓扑关系，提出一种新的四边形生成算法。采用边界推进法来生成四边形网格。该算法生成的网格具有边界敏感性和方位不敏感性，并且能极大地减少网格中不规则点，很大程度上提高了网格质量。     

一种新的有效数字指纹生成方案

基于计算离散对数困难性与退化的矩阵乘法的单向性，给出了一种面向字安全的、高效的消息指纹生成方案，与二进制位的数字指纹生成方案相比，其主要特点是能够很好地适应非字母文字消息的指纹生成，能适应不同消息长度和指纹长度要求。此外，还进行了安全性与运行效率分析，结果表明，该方案安全，运行效率高。     

一种新的混沌序列生成方式

提出了一种通过构造变参数复合混沌系统来实现有限精度混沌系统的方法。考察了这种方法对混沌信号的功率谱特性和李雅普诺夫指数的影响。研究表明,利用该方法可以方便地生成大量具有良好自相关特性和互相关特性的混沌序列。     

一种新的植物枝条弯曲生成算法

枝条弯曲模拟对于形象地绘制模特图形很重要。从计算机图形学的角度出发,提出了一种计算枝条弯曲形状的简易力学模型,实现了基于“双尺度自动机模型”的枝条弯曲算法。该算法虽然所需参数少,但能有效地生成自然逼真的枝条弯曲形状,并且能反映植物在生长中枝条的动态弯曲过程。文中通过几个枝条弯曲的例子验证了算法的有效性。     

一种新的Bezier曲线的生成算法

常见的Bezier曲线的生成算法，如割角多边形算法和等步长算法，不能保证所生成的多边形的数量是最少的。新提出了一种能使生成的多边形的数量减少的新的Bezier曲线的生成算法，并在最后通过实例对这三种算法进行了比较。     

一种新的UIO测试序列生成算法

基于贪心算法提出了寻找FSM(finitestatemachine)各个状态的UIO(uniqueinputoutput)序列的伪多项式时间算法,可以快速地找出FSM的UIO序列,基于“由近及远”的方法提出了寻找最短UIO测试序列的算法,可以找出FSM的最短UIO序列.     

Induction of neurogenesis in the neocortex of adult mice

Neurogenesis normally only occurs in limited areas of the adult mammalian brain--the hippocampus, olfactory bulb and epithelium, and at low levels in some regions of macaque cortex. Here we show that endogenous neural precursors can be induced in situ to differentiate into mature neurons, in regions of adult mammalian neocortex that do not normally undergo any neurogenesis. This differentiation occurs in a layer- and region-specific manner, and the neurons can re-form appropriate corticothalamic connections. We induced synchronous apoptotic degeneration of corticothalamic neurons in layer VI of anterior cortex of adult mice and examined the fates of dividing cells within cortex, using markers for DNA replication (5-bromodeoxyuridine; BrdU) and progressive neuronal differentiation. Newly made, BrdU-positive cells expressed NeuN, a mature neuronal marker, in regions of cortex undergoing targeted neuronal death and survived for at least 28 weeks. Subsets of BrdU+ precursors expressed Doublecortin, a protein found exclusively in migrating neurons, and Hu, an early neuronal marker. Retrograde labelling from thalamus demonstrated that BrdU+ neurons can form long-distance corticothalamic connections. Our results indicate that neuronal replacement therapies for neurodegenerative disease and CNS injury may be possible through manipulation of endogenous neural precursors in situ.     

Xanomeline新型衍生物SBG-PK-014促进APPsw的α-剪切

研究了xanomeline新型衍生物SBG-PK-014对毒蕈碱型M1乙酰胆碱受体的激活能力以及对APP基因瑞典型突变体(APPsw)的α-剪切的作用.利用M1激动剂筛选细胞模型检测了SBG-PK-014的EC_(50)和最大响应倍数(FA_(max)),并在小鼠神经母细胞瘤N2a细胞中同时过表达APPsW和M1受体分析了该化合物和xanomeline对sAPPα分泌的影响.结果显示,SBG-PK-014的EC_(50)(40.2 nmol/L)与xanomeline(28.4 nmol/L)接近,但FA_(max)是xanomeline的3.5倍.SBG-PK-014通过激活M1受体促进APPsW的α-剪切,且在0.1μmol/L和1μmol/L的浓度下,其效果显著强于同剂量的xanomeline.可见,SBG-PK-014比xanomeline更能有效地激活M1受体,还能促进APPsW的α-剪切和神经保护性sAPPα的生成,在调节阿尔茨海默病的Aβ病理途径上可能有一定潜力,值得进一步研究.     

Functional neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus

There is extensive evidence indicating that new neurons are generated in the dentate gyrus of the adult mammalian hippocampus, a region of the brain that is important for learning and memory. However, it is not known whether these new neurons become functional, as the methods used to study adult neurogenesis are limited to fixed tissue. We use here a retroviral vector expressing green fluorescent protein that only labels dividing cells, and that can be visualized in live hippocampal slices. We report that newly generated cells in the adult mouse hippocampus have neuronal morphology and can display passive membrane properties, action potentials and functional synaptic inputs similar to those found in mature dentate granule cells. Our findings demonstrate that newly generated cells mature into functional neurons in the adult mammalian brain.     

Xanomeline新型衍生物SBG"PK-014促进APPsw的cr剪切简

研究了xanomeline新型衍生物SBG-PK-014对毒蕈碱型M1乙酰胆碱受体的激活能力以及对APP基因瑞典型突变体(APPsw)的α-剪切的作用.利用M1激动剂筛选细胞模型检测了SBG-PK-014的EC₅₀和最大响应倍数(FA_max),并在小鼠神经母细胞瘤N2a细胞中同时过表达APPsw和M1受体,分析了该化合物和xanomeline对sAPPα分泌的影响.结果显示,SBG-PK-014的EC₅₀(40.2 nmol/L)与xanomeline (28.4 nmol/L)接近,但FA_max是xanomeline的3.5倍.SBG-PK-014通过激活M1受体促进APPsw的α-剪切,且在0.1 μmol/L和1 μmol/L的浓度下,其效果显著强于同剂量的xanomeline.可见,SBG-PK-014比xanomeline更能有效地激活M1受体,还能促进APPsw的α-剪切和神经保护性sAPPα的生成,在调节阿尔茨海默病的Aβ病理途径上可能有一定潜力,值得进一步研究.     

一种新型端氨基环磷腈衍生物的合成

以六氯环三磷腈为前体制备了六甘氨酸乙酯取代环三磷腈,然后采用氨基-酯交换法以双氨基化合物乙二胺直接与六甘氨酸乙酯取代环三磷腈反应合成了端氨基环磷腈衍生物。化合物六甘氨酸乙酯取代环三磷腈和端氨基环磷腈衍生物的结构经IR、¹H-NMR和质谱表征。讨论了反应温度、反应时间和投料比对端氨基环磷腈衍生物合成反应的影响,以及六甘氨酸乙酯取代环三磷腈和端氨基环磷腈衍生物后处理过程。该合成方法的反应条件温和,操作简单且收率高达95%。     

新型咔唑衍生物的合成表征及光学性质的研究

报道一种新型的咔唑类衍生物—3-(4-乙烯基吡啶基)-N-乙基咔唑的合成.用元素分析、红外光谱、电喷雾质谱、质谱和核磁共振谱进行了表征,测定其紫外吸收光谱和单光子荧光光谱.研究表明,该化合物具有好的紫外吸收和单光子吸收荧光效应.     

RNA interference in adult mice

RNA interference is an evolutionarily conserved surveillance mechanism that responds to double-stranded RNA by sequence-specific silencing of homologous genes. Here we show that transgene expression can be suppressed in adult mice by synthetic small interfering RNAs and by small-hairpin RNAs transcribed in vivo from DNA templates. We also show the therapeutic potential of this technique by demonstrating effective targeting of a sequence from hepatitis C virus by RNA interference in vivo.     

Developmental regulation of a cloned adult beta-globin gene in transgenic mice

At different stages of mammalian development, distinct embryonic, fetal and adult haemoglobins are synthesized in erythroid cells, a process termed haemoglobin switching. The cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling haemoglobin switching have been intensively studied, but remain poorly understood. To study the developmental regulation of globin gene expression, we have produced transgenic mice in which cloned globin genes are present in erythroid cells throughout development. Recently, we reported that adult mice in several transgenic lines carrying a hybrid mouse/human adult beta-globin gene, expressed the gene in a correct tissue-specific manner. This finding raised the question of whether an exogenous globin gene could also be subject to appropriate stage-specific regulation. We report here that the hybrid beta-globin gene, like the endogenous adult beta-globin genes, is inactive in yolk sac-derived embryonic erythroid cells and is expressed for the first time in fetal liver erythroid cells. Our results indicate that a stage-specific pattern of expression can be conferred by cis-acting regulatory elements closely linked to an adult beta-globin gene. They also suggest that the embryonic and adult beta-globin genes in the mouse are activated (or repressed) by distinct trans-acting regulatory factors present in embryonic, fetal and adult erythroid cells.