纳米TiO2增强聚氨酯弹性体的制备及力学性能

以聚四氢呋喃醚二醇,甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯,3-二氯-4,4-二苯基甲烷二胺为原料,采用预聚法合成聚氨酯弹性体,并选用纳米TiO2对聚氨酯弹性体进一步增强,通过对纳米TiO2的表面改性及超声波分散处理来促进纳米粒子在基体中更好地分散,研究预聚体合成温度、-NCO的质量分数W_NCO、纳米TiO2含量及超声波分散对复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明,纳米TiO2对聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能有一定的提高,通过SEM观察纳米TiO2在弹性体中发生团聚或附聚现象.     

NDI型聚氨酯弹性体的氢键研究

采用预聚物法合成了以聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMG)、聚氧化丙烯二醇(PPG)、1, 5-萘二异氰酸酯(NDI)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)等为主要原料的双组分浇注型聚氨酯弹性体。通过红外分析、差示扫描量热分析,对NDI型聚氨酯弹性体中存在的氢键进行了深入研究。结果表明,NDI型聚氨酯弹性体的亚氨基(N—H)完全氢键化,羰基(C＝O)氢键化程度高,微相分离严重;随着预聚物中异氰酸根含量的增加,硬段微区氢键化程度逐渐提高,其中有序氢键化程度逐渐升高,而无序氢键化程度随之下降;PTMG2000-NDI系聚氨酯弹性体的软段容易产生结晶,而DL2000-NDI系聚氨酯弹性体和PTMG1000-NDI系聚氨酯弹性体的软段无结晶行为;低聚物多元醇的种类及其分子量也是聚氨酯弹性体的氢键的重要影响因素。     

利用碳酸乙烯酯开环产物合成聚氨酯脲弹性体

二氧化碳的综合利用是关系人类生存环境的重大课题。采用二氧化碳的衍生物碳酸乙烯酯和1.6-己二胺开环反应合成脂肪族氨酯二醇,并将开环产物作为扩链剂与脂肪族聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)反应合成了脂肪族聚碳酸酯聚氨酯脲弹性体。研究表明,开环反应在38℃,反应10h后,可得到产率为89.9%(质量分数)的产物1.6-二(2-羟基-乙氧基羰基胺)已烷(DHDU)。通过改变碳酸乙烯酯开环物(DHDU)在大分子链中形成的氨酯-脲硬段单元的比例,可以调节合成的聚氨酯脲弹性体的机械性能。当脂肪族聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)分子量相同时,随着PCDL/DHDU摩尔比的减小,合成的聚氨酯脲弹性体的拉伸强度和硬度增加,断裂伸长率减小。该合成产物在生物材料领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

硬段含量对热致形状记忆聚氨酯材料记忆性能的影响

以聚己二酸乙二醇酯二醇 (PEA)为软段、4,4’ -二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯 (MDI) 1,4 丁二醇 (BDO) 含环状结构的扩链剂DPA为硬段 ,采用一步聚合法制备了一种具有热致形状记忆功能的多嵌段聚氨酯弹性体。研究了其多次形变形状记忆恢复能力 ,并且用DSC分析不同硬段含量的热致记忆聚氨酯的热行为 ,另外用WAXD对其聚集态结构进行了观察     

六氟双酚A型聚芳砜聚氨酯的合成及表征

合成了对氨基苯氧基封端的低相对分子质量的六氟双酚A聚芳砜(BAFPS),并按不同比例引入聚氨酯体系中,制得了一系列含氟聚芳砜聚氨酯材料.采用示差扫描量热法、热重分析及动态热机械性能分析等测试方法对其进行表征,研究了聚芳砜聚氨酯材料的耐热性能及力学性能.当BAFPS与聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)的比值在0~0.08变化时,其抗拉强度、硬度、Tg、耐热性能等随着BAFPS含量的增加而增大;当PTMG与BAFPS的比值为0.08时,抗拉强度达到了58.07MPa,其断裂伸长率仍保持在500%以上,起始热分解温度较纯聚氨酯弹性体提高了13.5°C,具有较好的耐热性.以上研究表明,聚芳砜聚氨酯弹性体是综合性能很好的新型聚氨酯材料.     

HTPB/TDI/MCDEA型聚氨酯弹性体的研制

以端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)为主要原料合成预聚体,以4,4’-亚甲基双(3-氯-2,6-二乙基苯胺)为扩链剂,通过浇铸成型制备聚氨酯弹性体。实验采用电子万能试验机和邵氏A硬度计对聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能进行了测试,结果表明:当预聚体NCO含量为4.13%、NH2/NCO摩尔比为0.90时,聚氨酯弹性体的综合力学性能最佳;后硫化时间、环境湿度对聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能均有一定影响,使用新型扩链剂4,4’-亚甲基双(3-氯-2,6-二乙基苯胺)制得的聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能普遍好于扩链剂MOCA。     

羟基氯醋树脂微粉的特征及应用研究

以氯乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(PVC-VAc)为原料,氢氧化钠/甲醇为催化剂,对其进行羟基化,经雾化、沉析等处理,得羟基氯醋树脂微粉;通过傅立叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、粒度分析仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对醇解产物的组成、平均粒径、微观形态等进行了表征.以该微粉为改性剂对无溶剂冷硫化浇注型聚氨酯弹性体进行改性,研究了羟基氯醋树脂中乙烯醇链段摩尔分数、粒径和用量等对浇注聚氨酯弹性体材料性能的影响,结果表明:添加乙烯醇链段摩尔分数约6%、质量分数为10%、数均平均粒径为16 μm的的羟基氯醋树脂微粉,可使填充改性后的弹性体材料的力学性能和电绝缘性能有明显的提高.     

热塑性共聚醚聚氨酯和聚氨酯脲的结构与性质

基于不同相对分子质量的环氧乙烷－四氢呋喃共聚醚、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯／异佛尔酮二异氨酸酯和扩链剂１，４－丁二醇／乙二胺等合成了一系列热塑性聚氨酯和聚氨酯脲弹性体，采用差示扫描量热、Ｘ－ｒａｙ衍射和１３Ｃ核磁共振等对其结构和性质等进行了研究．获得了各类弹性体的相分离与软段相Ｔｇ的关系，确定并指出了异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯形成的热塑性聚氨酯和聚氨酯脲为完全无定性结构．     

溶胶SiO2改性高度支化水性聚氨酯的研究

以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和聚醚胺(ATA)为原料,采用A2+B3法合成了具有高度支化结构的水性聚氨酯(HBAPU),然后分别加入质量分数(下同)为0.5%,1.5%,2%,3%的SiO<,2>溶胶制成溶胶SiO<,2>改性高度支化水性聚氨酯.用红外光谱(F...     

高硬度聚氮酯结构胶的制备

在室温下，选用聚醚多元醇，多异氰酸酯等材料，合成了一系列高硬度聚氨酯弹性体。讨论了不同异氰酸酯结构、不同聚醚多元醇体系、不同合成方法对聚氨酯弹性体的影响。实验表明，在施工现场采用一步法工艺可获得高硬度、高强度、耐磨、耐水的聚氨酯材料。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that