On the inhibitory effect of 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine on growth of Vaccinia virus

Summary 2-Amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine prevents mutation of Vaccinia virus. Proteins synthesized in the presence of the drug are not assembled into virions.This work has been supported by a special grant of Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (virus Project) Rome, Italy.     

On the mechanism of the inhibitory action of 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine on poliovirus growth

Riassunto La 2-amino-4,6-dicloropirimidina inibisce 10 sviluppo del Poliovirus rendendo i precursori capsidici incapaci di partecipare alla formazione di particelle infettanti. Questo effetto è irreversibile in quanto la sostanza è avidamente incorporata e ritenuta dalle cellule infette. L'antagonismo esercitato dall'azione combinata di glutamina e cisteina fa ritenere che la pirimidina sostituita svolga il suo effetto interreagendo con questi due aminoacidi dopo la loro incorporazione nei precursori capsidici.     

On the inhibitory effect of 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine on growth of vaccinia virus.

2-Amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine prevents maturation of Vaccinia virus. Proteins synthesized in the presence of the drug are not assembled into virions.     

Inhibition of poliovirus growth by 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine

Riassunto La 2-amino-4,6-dicloropirimidina impedisce la formazione di proteine capsidiche capaci di organizzare con lo RNA virale particelle di poliovius complete ed infettanti.

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This work has been supported by a grant of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche.     

Mitostatic action of 4,6-dimethyl-2-amino-3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-pyrimidine on mammalian cells

Summary 4, 6 dimethyl-2-amino-3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenylpyrimidine arrests the mitotic cycle of mammalian cells in metaphase, both in vitro and in vivo. The mitostatic effect is promptly reverted by interruption of drug treatment.     

The in vivo and in vitro formation of 2-amino-3-hydroxyacetophenone from 2-aminoacetophenone

Zusammenfassung Nach Verabreichung von 2-Aminoacetophenon an Ratten wurde 2-Amino-3-hydroxyacetophenon aus dem Urin isoliert und identifiziert. In-vitro-Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass Lebermikrosomen 2-Aminoacetophenon zu 2-Amino-3-hydroxyacetophenon hydroxylieren.     

The action of D-penicillamine on cytochrome oxidase in vivo and in vitro

Summary The activity of cytochrome oxidase greatly decreases in the organs of rats treated with D-penicillamine for 20 days (30 mg/100 g/day). Although the drug does not affect cytochrome oxidase in vitro, it readily reduces oxidized cyt. c.     

In vivo and in vitro effect of sulfathiazole on serum glycoproteins

Zusammenfassung Durch Sulfathiazolzugabe in vitro oder durch Sulfathiazolbehandlung in vivo wird der Glycoproteingehalt des Albumins und der-1-Globuline reduziert.     

In vivo and in vitro deiodination of silver iodide

Résumé La stabilité de l'iodure d'argent a été étudiée in vivo, par rapport à l'élimination de l'argent et du iode radioactif. Le foie semble responsable de la désiodation. Dans le foie, au bout de 6 h, 83% de l'iode est eliminé, mais seulement 16% de l'argent. Les expériences in vitro indiquent que le facteur responsable de la désiodation est thermostable et plus concentré dans le foie et dans le sang.     

In vitro action of polyvinylsulfate on acylation and methylation of nucleic acids

Résumé Le polyvinylsulfate modifie les réactions enzymatiques de méthylation des DNA et tRNA et d'amino acylation des tRNA. En fonction de la concentration en PVS il y a soit inhibition des méthyltransférases et aminoacyl-synthétases soit inhibition des nucléases.     

In vitro and in vivo catabolism of cholesterol in meal-fed rats

Zusammenfassung Bei männlichen Wistar-Ratten wurde der Einfluss des meal-feeding-Regimes nach täglicher 2stündlicher Fütterung an Leberschnitten auf den Katabolismus von Cholesterol-4-¹⁴C geprüft und normal befunden. Im In-vivo-Versuch unter denselben experimentellen Bedingungen zeigte weder der Katabolismus noch die Exkretion des i. p. applizierten Cholesterol-4-¹⁴C eine Veränderung.     

In vivo and in vitro differences between leukocytic uptake of oligodeoxynucleotides

Development and application of therapeutic oligonucleotides rely on proper analysis of binding and uptake. We have used several model oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) to analyze binding/uptake by rat and human leukocytes. Here we describe: (1) differences between in vivo and in vitro uptake of ODNs to rat leukocytes, (2) differences after injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), (3) large in vitro differences between primary mononuclear cells in PBS, plasma and blood, and (4) differences of ODN uptake between rat and human leukocytes. Our data show that ODN uptake by primary blood cells was different in PBS, plasma and blood. In addition, LPS treatment increased ODN uptake by leukocytes in blood, indicating that pathological conditions may influence ODN uptake. Furthermore, ODN uptake in rat and human blood is also different, suggesting that preclinical ODN uptake data from rat blood cannot easily be extrapolated to the human condition. Received 17 December 2007; received after revision 16 January 2008; accepted 5 February 2008     

In vivo and in vitro molecular hybridization of malate dehydrogenase isozymes

Résumé Les hybrides moléculaires des isozymes de la déshydrogénase de malate de différentes espèces de poissons peuvent être engendrés in vitro en gelant puis dégelant les isozymes en présence du sel. L'isozyme hybride est identique à celle observée in vivo dans l'hybride interspécifique F₁.     

In vitro and in vivo interaction of nuclear antibodies with corresponding antigens

Zusammenfassung Es wird mit indirekter Immunofluoreszenz gezeigt, dass Leberzellkerne mit Antikörpern bedeckt werden können, wenn sie systemischemLupus erythromatosus-Serum (SLE) für weniger als 2 sec ausgesetzt werden, und dass die Färbungsintensität vom Titer des Antikörpers abhängt.Diese Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass das in SLE-Geweben durch direkte Immunofluoreszenz nachgewiesene nukleare-Globulin hauptsächlich nukleare post-Biopsiereaktionen wiederspiegelt und weniger in vivo-Reaktionen, und dass in beiden Fällen nur abgestorbene oder nicht intakte Zellen vom Antikörper durchdrungen werden.

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This investigation was supported in part by a training grant (2E-130) from the U.S. Public Health Service. Taken in part from thesis (G.W.B.) submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of the University of Buffalo (N.Y., USA) in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (1962). Present address (G.W.B.): Department of Pathology, State University of New York at Buffalo.