绕水翼超空化流动数值模拟的湍流模型评价

为深入了解湍流模型对超空化流动计算的影响,分别采用3种不同的湍流模型即标准κ-ε模型、RNGκ-ε模型和SSG雷诺应力模型,对绕水翼的超空化流动进行了数值模拟,并与实验结果进行了对比.结果表明:标准κ-ε模型仅能模拟出定常状态的超空化形态;RNGκ-ε模型和SSG雷诺应力模型能较为准确地模拟出超空化区域内的两相混合非定常特性,并完整再现了空泡内部两相(气相和水气混合相)界面的反向波动过程,而采用RNGκ-ε模型计算得到的最大空泡长度与实验最为接近.     

基于不同湍流模型的挡板绕流数值模拟

为了对比研究不同湍流模型在预测挡板绕流过程中的准确性与差异性,基于所设计的新型抛光粉尘湿法处理系统,分别选取了标准(Standard)κ-ε、重整规划群(RNG)κ-ε、剪切应力传输(SST)κ-ω以及雷诺应力模型(RSM)等4种雷诺时均(RANS)湍流模型,对该系统内不同挡板参数下绕流流动中的涡旋特性进行了数值模拟,并与试验值进行对比.结果表明:上述湍流模型均能较好地刻画装置内部气相旋转流动的主要特征,其中Standard κ-ε与RNG κ-ε模型在涡旋结构预测方面更为准确;在进出口压降及压力分布的对比中,基于Standard κ-ε模型的计算结果较其他3种湍流模型偏差要大;RNG κ-ε模型对涡旋纵向速度的预测结果与试验结果最为接近,而在横向速度的预测中,SST κ-ω模型则表现出更高的准确性.     

湍流模型在轴流泵性能预测中的应用与评价

评价不同湍流模型在轴流泵性能预测中的应用.分别采用标准κ-ε模型、RNG κ-ε模型、SST模型以及基于滤波器的湍流模型(FBM)数值模拟了比转速为600的轴流泵内部流动;计算了其扬程、扭矩、效率,并与实验值进行对比;分析了4种模型计算的轴流泵流场中的压力、速度分布.结果表明,在最优工况附近,4种湍流模型都能较精确地预测轴流泵的外特性;在非设计工况下,标准κ-ε模型、RNG κ-ε模型、SST模型预测的外特性与实验值相差较大,FBM模型则可以大幅度提高非设计工况的预测精度.     

半封闭圆管冲击射流湍流换热数值模拟

采用标准κ-ε模型、RNGκ—ε模型结合壁面函数以及低雷诺数κ—ε模型，对半封闭圆管冲击射流流场的平均速度、湍动能分布和Nu数分布进行了数值计算，并将此3种模型的计算结果与文献中的测量结果进行了比较．结果表明：3种湍流模型都未能完全准确地预测冲击射流场的流动特性与传热特性，其中标准κ—ε模型和低雷诺数κ—ε模型的结果很差，而RNGκ—ε模型的结果与其它两种模型相比更接近实验值。     

自搅拌反应器内液相流动的数值模拟

采用数值模拟方法研究了压力能驱动的自搅拌反应器内液相流场的分布规律.首先对标准κ-ε模型、RNG κ-ε模型、realizable κ-ε模型下的模拟结果与PIV实验结果进行对比,确定了合适的湍流模型;然后研究了不同入口压力、液位高度对反应器内流场分布的影响.结果表明:标准κ-ε模型能更精确地模拟该反应器内的流场分布,反应器内流场稳定时间为12s以上.增加入口压力和液位高度均有利于反应器内流体速度均匀分布,入口压力为3MPa时几乎不存在速度死区.     

圆管弯道内部流动数值模拟及湍流模式比较研究

运用有限体积法数值离散雷诺平均的Navier-Stokes方程,对90°大曲率圆形截面弯管内的湍流流动进行了计算模拟(其中雷诺应力分别采用标准k-ε模型、RNG k-ε模型、Realizable k-ε模型进行封闭),并将计算结果与实验资料进行了比较.结果表明,RNG k-ε湍流模型结合双层壁面区域处理方法能够较为准确地模拟大曲率管道中的流动现象.     

大曲率结构化表面湍流流场特性对比研究

湍流模型选择对于小尺寸大曲率圆管内软性磨粒流湍流流场模拟计算具有重要影响.针对此问题,提出使用标准k-ε模型与考虑两相磨粒流平均流动中的旋转及旋流流动情况的重整化群(RNG)k-ε模型进行仿真对比研究的方法.基于颗粒动力学理论的欧拉模型,对软性磨粒流的控制方程进行求解.通过使用两种湍流模型,对小尺寸大曲率圆管内湍流流动进行仿真计算,得到了两湍流模型下软性磨粒流流场的速度、压力、湍动能等数值模拟结果.仿真结果对比分析表明:标准k-ε模型模拟得到的速度值与实验值存在一定误差,而RNG k-ε模型仿真的速度值误差相对较小;标准k-ε模型对湍动能的估值计算比RNG k-ε湍流模型高,难以计算有滞止点的流动过程;RNG k-ε湍流模型能更有效地模拟有大曲率带分离的湍流流动,从而证明该模型更适合小尺寸大曲率圆管内软性磨粒流湍流流动的研究.     

搅拌槽内三维流动场的RNGκ—ε数值模拟

RNGκ-ε模型在耗散率方程中通过系C1^*引入描述流场畸变效应的附加源项后，在一定程度上会改善对旋转流，浮力流等较复杂湍流的预报能力。本文应用该模型对六直叶涡轮搅拌桨的三维流动场进行了数值模拟，并将计算结果与实验数据进行了比较。计算结果表明：RNGκ-ε模型对桨叶附近速度场的预报较κ-ε模型有一定程度改善，但对湍流动能的预报却要比κ-ε模型差。若要进一步改装对桨叶附近流动场的预报，必须放弃基于各向同性假设的湍流模型，转而采用能够反映各向异性的模型或采用先进的计算方法。     

湍流模型对结晶器内流场数值模拟结果的影响

以Fluent 6.3为计算平台,采用数值模拟的方法研究了5种常用湍流模型对电磁制动下连铸板坯结晶器内钢液流动计算结果的影响,并与水模型和实测结果进行了对比.结果表明:标准κ-ε和低雷诺数κ-ε模型的计算结果与实际流场较为接近,而重整化群κ-ε和剪切应力输运κ-ω模型与实际流场相差较远.不同湍流模型计算得到的弯月面形状...     

波瓣混合器混合流场中涡结构的数值研究

以FLUENT程序为研究平台,分别采用标准k-ε、RNG k-ε、Realizable k-ε、SST k-ω以及S-A五种湍流模型,对航空发动机混合排气系统中常用的波瓣混合器的流场,进行了三维数值模拟。与实验测量数据对比可知,所采用的计算方法能够较好地描述波瓣混合器复杂流场中流向涡、正交涡形状以及涡量沿流动方向的变化规律。在各种湍流模型中,Realizable k-ε在流向涡以及正交涡涡量大小的描述方面较其他模型更为精确。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that