炭黑/煤焦油沥青基球形活性炭的制备及表征

以煤焦油沥青为前驱体,采用反溶剂沉淀法来构建沥青的球形结构,并在此过程中添加炭黑颗粒,利用后续炭化过程中两种物质的界面分离增加孔道结构,应用KOH活化法制备煤沥青基球形活性炭.系统地讨论炭黑添加量、炭化温度、活化温度、KOH添加量等因素对复合球形活性炭的微观形貌及孔道结构参数的影响.实验结果表明,炭黑添加量对球形活性炭的形貌结构和比表面积有着重要影响.炭化温度过低、活化温度过高、KOH添加过多均会导致制备的样品难以维持球形形貌.因此,调控适宜的制备条件才能制备出比表面积较大、球形度良好的球形活性炭.     

KOH活化石油焦制备工艺对活性炭吸附性能的影响

以固-固混合方式,用KOH活化石油焦制备了高比表面积活性炭,研究了活化温度、碱炭比、原料粒度、活化时间、预处理温度及氮气流速等因素对活性炭的碘值和亚甲基蓝吸附值的影响,并用液氮吸附法分析了高比表面积活性炭的孔隙结构.结果表明:活化温度、碱炭比、原料粒度、活化时间,以及中间处理温度和氮气流速对活性炭的碘值和亚甲基蓝吸附值均有明显的影响;在一定的条件下,可制备出比表面积大于3000m2/g、比孔容积达1.80cm3/g、碘吸附值为2714mg/g、亚甲基蓝吸附值为510mg/g的活性炭.活性炭的吸附特性可以通过石油焦原料的改性和各种工艺条件的优化进行调控.     

利用桐籽壳制备活性炭的工艺研究

对以桐籽壳为原料、用氯化锌法制备活性炭的工艺进行了研究,采用正交试验优化了工艺参数.最佳工艺参数为：料液比质量比1∶2.0、氯化锌质量分数为50%、活化时间60 min、活化温度为60 ℃.在此工艺条件下所制备的活性炭,其碘吸附值为986.35 mg/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为178.23 mg/g,表观密度为0.423 6 g/mL.     

水解木质素制备药用活性炭的研究

以水解木质素为原料,用化学法(ZnCl2为活化剂)制备药用活性炭。研究活化温度、活化时间、料液比(水解木质素与化学药品活化剂溶液的重量比)等对活性炭的得率、硫酸奎宁吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值的影响;确定了用水解木质素制备药用活性炭适宜的工艺条件:活化温度为550℃,活化时间为2h,料液比为1∶3.5,ZnCl2溶液浓度为46°Be′(60℃)。结果表明,药用活性炭的得率为50.28%;活性炭的硫酸奎宁吸附值≥120mg/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值180mg/g,pH6.5,铁0.01%,氯化物0.05%,硫酸盐0.05%,灰分2.63%,酸溶物0.6%,水溶性锌盐0.003%,硫化物、重金属(以Pb计)、氰化物、未炭化物均为合格。     

电厂粉煤灰炭制造活性炭的研究

以电厂粉煤灰炭为基础原料制造活性炭 ,实验结果表明 :原料经浮选后 ,只要原料中灰分小于1 5 % ,就可以制出性能较好的活性炭 实验采用煤焦油、沥青作为粘结剂 ,水蒸气为活化介质 ;同时 ,对生产过程主要影响因素进行了研究 活性炭的强度达 87% ,水容量为 1 0 1 .9% ,吸碘值 72 5mg/g ,亚甲基兰吸附值 1 39mg/g ,比表面积 1 0 35m2 /g 可用于有机溶的回收、空气与水的净化及作催化剂载体 ,产品质量高 ,经济效益及环境效益较好 图 1 ,表 6 ,参 5     

响应曲面优化中药材废渣基活性炭的制备

采用中药材废渣为原料,以KOH为活化剂,选用响应曲面分析方法设计实验,制备活性炭.以碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值为响应值,对影响KOH活化法最重要的3个因素浸渍比、活化温度以及活化时间进行优化.结果表明,对于碘吸附值的影响,活化温度浸渍比活化时间,对于亚甲基蓝吸附值的影响,浸渍比活化温度活化时间.所得最优条件为浸渍比3、活化温度744℃、活化时间75min,在此条件下制备的活性炭碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值分别为723.75mg/g、350.82mg/g,与理论模型值非常接近,说明基于响应曲面法所得的最佳工艺参数准确可靠.通过SEM、热重分析可知该活性炭具有孔隙结构发达、热稳定性高等特点.     

酒糟渣活性炭的制备及其表征

以酒糟渣为原料,采用浓酸炭化法,KOH活化法制备了活性炭。考察了活化温度、活化时间、碱炭质量比以及酒糟渣／KOH质量比对活性炭的影响。采用SEM、BET、FT-IR、XRD对其物化性能进行了表征分析。结果表明：在活化温度为800℃、活化时间为3h、碱炭质量比为3：1、酒糟渣／KOH质量比为4：1时制备的活性炭性能最优。该酒糟渣活性炭吸附孔容为0．88248cm3／g,DFT比表面积为3654．9m3／g,碘吸附值为2216．3mg／g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为389．40mL／g。     

磷酸法竹质活性炭的制备及其二次活化处理的研究

通过磷酸活化法将毛竹废料制备成活性炭,再利用硝酸钴高温分解的氧化钴来对其二次活化改性。考察了其制备和改性工艺。研究确定活性炭的最佳制备条件为:磷酸浓度80%,浸渍比为6∶17 g/g,活化时间为2.5 h,活化温度为550℃,产品对亚甲基蓝溶液的脱色力值为650 mL/g。活性炭的适宜改性条件为:用质量分数为7.5%的硝酸钴水溶液按1.5∶5 g/mL浸渍比浸渍改性90 min,并在400℃焙烧3 h。产品对亚甲基蓝溶液的脱色力值为1 150 mL/g,与未改性产品相比较,提高了76.92%。     

碳酸钾化学活化法制备土霉素菌渣活性炭研究

为了解决制药行业土霉素菌渣处置的难题,该文以土霉素菌渣为原材料,K2CO3为活化剂,采用化学活化法制备土霉素菌渣活性炭.通过电镜扫描和氮气吸附对较佳条件下制备的活性炭特性进行了表征.实验得出制备土霉素菌渣活性炭的较佳工艺条件为:活化温度800℃,活化时间3h,活化比1∶3.该活性炭的苯酚吸附值为215 mg/g,比表面积达1 593.09 m2/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为117 mg/g.该活性炭孔结构丰富,主要以微孔为主,平均孔径为1.09 nm,微孔孔容为0.54 cm3/g,中孔孔容为0.27 cm3/g.     

煤基高比表面积活性炭的制备研究

以山西阳泉无烟煤为原料,NaOH为活性剂,采用化学活化法对煤基高比表面积活性炭的制备进行实验分析研究,着重考察了碱炭质量比、活化温度和活化时间对活性炭吸附性能的影响。结果表明,在碱炭比为4、活化温度为800℃、活化时间为1 h的条件下,可以制得比表面积为2 637 m2/g、总孔容为1.36 cm3/g、碘吸附值为2 893 mg/g、亚甲蓝吸附值为476 mg/g的煤基高比表面积活性炭。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with