厚度非均匀压电陶瓷极化工艺的实验研究

采用分段极化的方法，对沿极化方向上厚度不均匀的压电陶瓷进行了极化实验，实验结果表明，分段越多，极化效果越好，但分段较多，会使极化电极的处理和极化     

Bi3TiNbO9压电陶瓷制备工艺研究

以Bi3TiNbO9和TiO2为原料,采用固相法合成Bi3TiNbO9（BTN）压电陶瓷．用X线衍射仪和电子显微镜等对陶瓷样品进行分析．实验结果表明,采用固相法可在较低烧结温度下制备出单相的BTN陶瓷．探讨不同工艺参数对BTN压电陶瓷的压电、介电性能的影响．实验发现,较高的成型压强可以制得致密且均匀的BTN陶瓷．再结晶可以使晶粒生长均匀,且能够承受较高的极化场强．在8kV／mm场强下极化的BTN陶瓷的压电常数d33为5．6pC／N．     

PZT／环氧树脂0—3型压电复合材料性能的研究

制备了以环氧树脂为基体，不同ＰＺＴ材料为压电相的两种０－３型压电复合材料。研究了极化工艺参数和陶瓷粉末对压电系数ｄ－３３的影响，结果表明，复合材料的压电系数ｄ－３３先随极化合场Ｅ和极化时间ｔ的增加而增加，之后趋于恒定。ＰＺＴ体积含量增加，介电常数ε２减小，则复合材料压电系数ｄ－３３增加。     

超声电机用压电陶瓷极化装置的研究

超声电机中压电陶瓷极化后的分区特性是影响电机输出效率的重要因素,本文针对以往极化方法造成各分区特性不一致的问题,提出了同时同向极化方式,并根据热极化工艺要求,研究了一种压电陶瓷新型极化装置。     

径向振动压电陶瓷薄圆盘振子的机电等效电路与共振频率研究

对轴向极化压电陶瓷薄圆盘振子径向振动进行了理论和实验研究.推出了其机电等效电路,得出了振子共振和反共振频率方程,探讨了振子共振和反共振频率与材料参数之间的依赖关系,给出了压电陶瓷薄圆盘振子的共振及反共振频率与其泊松系数之间的解析关系.实验结果与理论计算符合较好.     

无铅Bi0．5（Na0．90-xKxLi0．10）0．5TiO3-NaNbO3压电陶瓷的微结构与电学性能

采用传统陶瓷工艺制备了Bi0.5（Na0.90-xKxLi0.10）0.5TiO3-NaNbO3无铅压电陶瓷,利用XRD、SEM等测试技术分析表征了陶瓷的结构、表面形貌、介电、压电与铁电性能．研究结果表明,该体系陶瓷具有单相钙钛矿结构,NaNbO3的引入使Bi0．5（Na0．90-xKxLi0.10）0.5TiO3体系的相界发生了移动;随着钾含量的增加,NaNbO3对体系性能的影响越明显．在室温下,该体系表现出较好的压电与铁电性能：压电常数d33和机电耦合系数kp分别达到174pC／N和29．6％,陶瓷样品表现出明显的铁电体特征,剩余极化强度达到33．4μC／cm^2．     

超精密加工中的微位移技术

微位移技术是实现超精密加工的重要途径，据此介绍了微位移的实现方法，并对压电陶瓷微位移机构系统作了进一步的介绍，阐述了系统的组成、工作原理、结构及特点．最后进行了采用MCS-51系列单片机控制的压电陶瓷微位移机构闭环控制系统来提高工件的面形精度的实验．结果表明，工件的面形精度提高了50％以上．     

压电陶瓷驱动梁的变形分析及试验研究

利用逆压电效应可以研制各种驱动器．将片状的压电陶瓷(PZT)作为驱动器，对称地粘贴到梁的上下表面，在极性相反的外部电场的作用下，使驱动构件发生弯曲变形．在推导了粘贴有PZT压电驱动片梁的弯曲应变分布表达式的基础上，通过分析驱动片的纵横应变分布，提出了用横向定向加固的方法使压电陶瓷驱动元件表现出明显的正交异性，从而提高了压电驱动的效率，最后通过实验进行了对比验证．     

压电离合器及其实验研究

提出一种压电陶瓷离合器的结构,给出了这种结构的离合器的初步实验结果．文中给出了这种新形离合器的结构图,分析了实验结果与理论设计的异同．研究结果表明,压电陶瓷离合器是一种耗能少、接合速度快、输出转矩大的离合器．     

基于积分器的压电陶瓷自感知执行器研究

拟用压电陶瓷执行器自感知位移,省去外部传感器．从基本压电方程出发,推导出压电陶瓷执行器晶片上自由电荷中包含的执行器位移信息,进而提出了一种基于积分器电路的压电陶瓷执行器位移自感知方法．对压电陶瓷叠堆执行器设计了电压驱动电路,同时设计了获取自由电荷的积分器电路．基于此复合电路,执行器在执行的同时,可以感知其自身的位移．该方法使得自感知电路的调节和感知信号的获取变得容易,克服了电桥法自感知电路阻抗不易匹配的不足．实验结果表明,在不同的驱动电压波形、不同的驱动电压频率下,基于积分器的压电陶瓷自感知执行器均能够很好地获取执行器的位移信号．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of