受力状态下混凝土试件碳化试验研究

为了研究混凝土桥梁的碳化规律,采用加速碳化试验方法,进行了碳化环境下受力状态混凝土试件的耐久性试验,分析了碳化混凝土的退化机理和规律.结果表明:拉、压应力分别加快和减缓了混凝土碳化的速率,且应力变化越大,碳化速率的改变就越大;桥梁常用C50强度混凝土的碳化深度远小于低强度混凝土,但C50强度混凝土受拉时的相对碳化深度大于低强度混凝土.根据试验结果修正了现有混凝土碳化深度预测模型中的工作应力影响系数.当混凝土桥梁的裂缝宽度满足规范要求时,裂缝对混凝土碳化的影响很小;预应力混凝土桥梁的耐久性能优于钢筋混凝土桥梁.     

裂缝对预应力混凝土结构耐久性影响的试验研究

通过预应力混凝土裂缝状态试件 (共两组 ,每组 1 0个工况 )在碳化、氯离子侵蚀环境下的试验研究 ,提出了预应力混凝土裂缝状态试件的制作及试验方法 ;探讨了裂缝对预应力混凝土耐久性影响的机理及成因 ;着重研究了不同水灰比、不同裂缝宽度、不同保护层厚度等因素对预应力混凝土裂缝状态试件的耐久性影响程度及规律 ,所得结论对预应力结构耐久性设计与评估具有一定的参考价值     

现代预应力结构耐久性(碳化)数值计算

基于应力状态下构件快速碳化试验,开展应力状态下混凝土碳化深度的计算机仿真,采用Matlab神经网络工具箱对应力状态下混凝土碳化深度进行训练、仿真和预测.提出采用分项系数γc来反映结构可靠指标的结构耐久性设计方法,给出一定设计使用年限、一定可靠指标下结构耐久性设计时保护层厚度的计算表达式,并对算例中各框架预应力筋的保护层厚度进行计算.结果表明,建立的神经网络模型有较高的预测与仿真能力;提出的设计方法简单、实用,可以作为结构设计和耐久性验算复核的手段.     

环保型裂缝修复材料对混凝土抗碳化性能的影响

混凝土碳化会导致混凝土中的钢筋脱钝,从而引起钢筋锈蚀,最终影响到混凝土结构的耐久性。该文对环保型裂缝修复材料处理试件进行了抗碳化性能试验。试验结果表明：相比普通混凝土试件,ECRM处理后试件的碳化深度减小,且混凝土碳化速率提前出现下降趋势,ECRM能有效增强混凝土的抗碳化能力。     

压应力下混凝土结构碳化试验研究

进行了在碳化箱中加速腐蚀碳化环境状态下的混凝土结构碳化试验,试件为直接受压的应力状态,阐述了试验中采用休哈特控制图对碳化深度数据进行采集和动态统计控制原理,建立了压应力状态下碳化深度动态统计控制模型。试验结果表明,该方法能有效的对钢筋混凝土结构在压应力工作状态下的碳化深度进行动态监测、分析、评价和控制,避免对结构的耐久性及稳定性产生不利影响,造成安全隐患,从而确保在承载环境中钢筋混凝土结构的质量和安全。     

预应力结构设计使用寿命模型

预应力混凝土结构的耐久性问题和普通的耐久性有相似之处，但更有其独特性，文中阐述了预应力结构中力筋应力腐蚀断裂牧场生，分析了预应力结构与普通混凝土结构使用寿命的不同之处，然后在碳化作用机理的基础上，利用碳化深度计算公式提出了碳化作用环境下的预应力结构设计使用寿命模型。     

混凝土裂缝宽度和深度对裂缝表面碳化的影响

为研究混凝土裂缝宽度和深度对裂缝表面混凝土碳化的影响,制作了带裂缝的钢筋混凝土试件并进行了碳化试验研究。研究采用碳化时未开裂的试件、裂缝近似贯通的试件、裂缝未贯通的试件的横断面,其中裂缝近似贯通试件、裂缝未贯通试件的横断面即为裂缝开裂断面。对于裂缝近似贯通和未贯通的试件,通过对比裂缝的宽度、深度和裂缝表面混凝土的碳化情况,并与未开裂试件断面混凝土碳化情况进行对比分析。研究结果表明,裂缝宽度对于混凝土裂缝表面的碳化几乎没有影响,表面碳化主要与裂缝深度有关。本文对混凝土开裂部位的耐久性研究仅以裂缝表面宽度为依据进行的方法提出了不同看法,建议将混凝土裂缝宽度和深度列为同等重要的研究依据。     

预应力结构设计使用寿命模型

预应力混凝土结构的耐久性问题和普通混凝土的耐久性有相似之处 ,但更有其独特性 文中阐述了预应力结构中力筋应力腐蚀断裂特征 ,分析了预应力结构与普通混凝土结构使用寿命的不同之处 ,然后在碳化作用机理的基础上 ,利用碳化深度计算公式提出了碳化作用环境下的预应力结构设计使用寿命模型     

裂缝对预应力混凝土结构耐久性的影响

本文分析了预应力混凝土结构裂缝状态下力筋腐蚀的机理,阐述了裂缝及其宽度与力筋腐蚀间的关系,并提出了一般环境条件下预应力筋腐蚀的经时模型,可供耐久性设计参考。 1 裂缝状态下预应力筋蚀的机理 与钢混凝土结构一样,由于初始混凝土的高碱性,预应力混凝土结构力筋表面形成一层致密的钝化膜,使其处于钝化状态。但随着环境介质的侵入,钝化膜逐渐遭到破坏,从而导致腐蚀的发生。在一般环境条件下,预应力筋的腐蚀通常由两种作用引起：一种是碳化作用,即中性化作用。它降低了混凝土孔隙液中的碱度,当碳化深度到达力筋表面时将…     

海工预应力混凝土氯离子侵蚀模型及耐久性

总结分析了国内外有关混凝土中氯离子侵入模型的研究概况,针对海工预应力混凝土结构,讨论了影响氯离子侵入预应力混凝土的各种因素．考虑混凝土与氯离子间的结合能力,建立了预应力混凝土氯离子侵入数学模型．以混凝土保护层厚度、氯离子扩散速度以及表面氯离子浓度为主要参数,运用可靠度理论,建立了海工预应力混凝土结构耐久性可靠度分析模型．分析结果表明：应力状态下。混凝土的氯离子有效扩散系数是变化的,其中混凝土的拉应力会加快氯离子的扩散,而压应力则相反;同时从耐久性分析中可知,混凝土保护层厚度对氯离子侵蚀下的PC结构耐久性影响最大,表面氯离子浓度及氯离子扩散速度次之．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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