乙二胺改性花生壳粉吸附阴离子染料的研究

以天然产物花生壳作为基质、环氧氯丙烷为交联剂、乙二胺为改性剂合成了一种新型吸附剂,用荧光体视显微镜、红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱分析了其表面结构.考察了吸附时间、温度、溶液pH值、染料初始浓度对吸附直接蓝（DB）和日落黄（SY）的影响.结果表明：此吸附剂于25℃,pH 2.0时对直接蓝和日落黄的最大吸附容量分别为129.1和135.2 mg.g-1,分别为未改性花生壳粉的5.6和4.8倍,吸附平衡时间为3 h.高酸度下吸附阴离子染料的结果表明：染料阴离子与花生壳粉表面质子化的氨基以静电引力实现吸附.用Langmuir和Freundlich模型拟合的结果表明：吸附为Langmuir单分子层化学吸附,吸附表观动力学为二级反应.     

苤蓝皮生物吸附去除水体中的阴离子染料

用低值的地产苤蓝皮材料作为生物吸附剂去除水体中的三种阴离子染料苋菜红、日落黄、亮绿,研究了pH值、吸附剂量、染料浓度、吸附剂粒径、离子强度、吸附时间等对吸附的影响,确定了最佳吸附条件.结果表明:三种染料在pH值为2时去除率较高;吸附在36h达到平衡.吸附等温线符合Langmuir模式,吸附过程符合Langergren准一级动力学方程.     

皮胶原纤维固载Zr(Ⅳ)对水体中染料的吸附

制备皮胶原纤维固载Zr（Ⅳ）吸附剂（ZLCF），考察其对水体中染料的吸附作用．研究表明，在pH=3-9的范围，ZLCF对阴离子型染料酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN-R有明显的吸附作用，且在pH=3时出现最大吸附，但ZLCF对阳离子型染料阳离子桃红FG难以产生有效的吸附作用．0．12g的ZLCF对100mL染料初始浓度为100mg／L的酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN-R的去除率分别达85．6％、95．9％和99．5％．吸附平衡符合Langmuir方程，说明三种阴离子型染料在ZLCF表面形成了单分子层吸附．在pH=3和303K的条件下，ZLCF对酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN．R的最大吸附容量分别为493．2mg／g、420．7mg／g和369．1mg／g．在293K--313K范围内，温度变化对活性艳蓝KN．R的吸附影响不明显；但酸性嫩黄G的吸附随温度的升高逐渐减少，是放热、熵减、可自发进行的过程；而直接黄R的吸附随温度的升高逐渐增加，是吸热、熵增，亦可自发进行的过程．进一步研究表明，ZLCF对三种阴离子型染料的吸附动力学符合拟二级速度方程，由此推测吸附主要由化学机理控制．     

亚甲基蓝在柠檬酸酯化改性麦杆上吸附的动力学和热力学行为

本研究探索了阳离子染料吸附于柠檬酸酯化改性麦杆（EWS）上的动力学和热力学行为,选择了阳离子染料亚甲基蓝（MB）作为吸附剂。采用静态批次实验改变不同实验因素（温度、pH值、吸附剂量、吸着物浓度、吸附时间）来测定染料吸附的动力学和热力学参数。亚甲基蓝在pH≥4时达到最大吸附值,对于浓度为250mg／l的染料溶液,EWS用量≥2．0g／1能几乎完全去除。对于浓度在50—350mg/l的染料溶液,2．0g／l以上的EWS能够去除95％以上的亚甲基蓝。实验数据符合Langmuir吸附等温线模型,准二级动力学方程能描述其吸附过程。粒子内扩散的二重线性表明在染料吸附过程中有两个粒子内扩散步骤,热力学研究表明染料吸附行为是自发且吸热的,高温有利于吸附。     

橘子皮对亚甲基蓝吸附性能的研究

橘子皮主要含有羧基、氨基和磺酸基,具有一定的吸附性.用低值廉价的橘子皮作为吸附剂对染料废水中的亚甲基蓝进行吸附,探讨了吸附平衡时间、溶液pH、染料浓度、橘子皮吸附剂的添加量对亚甲蓝吸附的影响,结果表明:橘子皮生物吸附剂对亚甲基蓝的吸附所需平衡时间为1 h,在pH=10的条件下,亚甲基蓝的初始浓度为400 mg/L,橘子皮用量为1 g时,橘子皮对亚甲基蓝的吸附率可达到90.55%,吸附量最大为45.3 mg/g,等温吸附线符合Langmuir模式,该吸附过程符合二级动力模型,结果具有很好的应用前景和较好的经济价值.     

改性小麦秸秆对磷酸根的动态吸附性能

以氯化锌为活化剂对小麦秸秆进行了改性,制备出一种新型炭质吸附剂。以溶液的流速、初始浓度、pH值、温度和吸附剂用量对动态吸附效果的影响进行了研究和分析。结果表明：在溶液流速为5mL／min、初始浓度为50mg／L、pH为7、吸附剂量为3g时,吸附剂的吸附效果最好,在50min基本达到吸附平衡。随着溶液流速的增加,改性小麦秸秆对磷酸根的吸附量逐渐减少;随着溶液初始浓度的增大,吸附床层的穿透点提前;在pH=7时,吸附剂的动态饱和吸附量可达4．294mg／g;吸附区的移动速度随温度的升高而缓慢降低,但幅度不大。     

β-环糊精基纳米吸附剂的制备及其对酸性染料的吸附

为提高吸附剂对印染废水中染料的去除率及其循环再生性,用六氯环三磷腈(PNC)和聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)对可生物降解的β-环糊精(β-CD)进行改性,制备两种水不溶性β-CD基纳米吸附剂β-CDN和β-CDN@PEI,并对吸附剂的结构与形态进行表征。用纳米吸附剂对酸性黄AY11染料溶液进行吸附处理,研究染液pH对吸附剂吸附性能的影响,用Langmuir等温吸附模型和拟一级、拟二级吸附动力学模型对吸附过程进行拟合,并与活性炭的吸附性能进行对比。结果表明：纳米吸附剂对AY11染料的去除率随染液pH值的增大而降低,其中β-CDN@PEI对染料的去除率优于β-CDN且在pH<10时保持稳定;β-CDN、β-CDN@PEI和活性碳对AY11染料的吸附过程均符合Langmuir等温吸附模型及拟二级动力学模型;β-CDN、β-CDN@PEI对AY11染料的饱和吸附量分别达1 347.98、2 488.19 mg/g,明显高于相同吸附条件下活性炭的饱和吸附量(876.18 mg/g)。     

大孔树脂吸附法处理印染废水的研究

研究了大孔树脂吸附法处理直接红印染废水．考察了废水pH值、废水浓度、吸附时间和吸附剂用量对色度和浓度去除率的影响．结果表明：在pH值为8，废水浓度为9mg／L，反应时间为2小时，100ml废水中吸附剂用量为3g时，废水的色度去除率为93．9％，浓度去除率为97．9％．大孔树脂的重复使用性能良好。     

粘土-壳聚糖复合吸附剂吸附铬(Ⅵ)离子性能的研究

通过壳聚糖与粘土的结合，制备出复合吸附剂，并研究其对Cr（Ⅵ）离子的吸附性能．研究结果表明，与单一的粘土或壳聚糖相比，该吸附剂对Cr（Ⅵ）离子吸附速度快、吸附能力强．吸附除去Cr（Ⅵ）的最佳工艺条件是：壳聚糖与粘土质量比为0．04，pH值4～6，Cr（Ⅵ）离子的质量浓度≤10mg／L，吸附平衡时间为40min，吸附荆用量为8．0g／L．     

柑橘渣吸附剂对六价铬的吸附性能

用廉价的柑橘渣吸附剂去除水溶液中的六价铬Cr(Ⅵ),研究柑橘渣吸附剂的吸附性能影响因素,并对其吸附机理进行探讨.研究结果表明,接触时间、pH值、液固比对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附影响较大;当pH=4、温度为40℃时,11 h后基本达到吸附平衡,液固比(六价铬与吸附剂的比值)为18 mg/g时吸附量为12.85 mg/g;采用最小二乘法计算的理论饱和吸附量为13.74 mg/g.吸附过程符合Bangham动力学吸附模型,并且在低浓度范围内可用Langmuir、Freundlich吸附等温线来描述.实验结果和吸附机理表明,柑橘渣吸附剂能够有效地处理含Cr(Ⅵ)废水.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that