草酸铵在铝酸镧和铝酸铈的前驱体合成中的应用

用硝酸镧、硝酸铈铵和硝酸铝分别溶于草酸铵水溶液中，干燥后所得前驱体经磨粉和压片，在６００℃和７００℃温度下焙烧分解，合成了具有钙钛矿型结构的ＬａＡｌＯ３和ＣｅＡｌＯ３化合物粉末．Ｘ射线衍射和ＤＳＣ分析结果推断前驱体的脱水、分解、中间体形成及转变为ＬａＡｌＯ３和ＣｅＡｌＯ３多晶相是个多步复杂过程．此类软化学方法的运用大大降低了这些化合物的合成温度．     

尖晶石LiMn2O4的低热固态反应法合成及其表征

尖晶石LiMn2O4是性质稳定的化合物,主要应用于锂离子电池的正极材料．利用低热固态反应法制备尖晶石LiMn2O4具有便于操作、污染小和容易控制的优点．本实验以柠檬酸、氢氧化锂和醋酸锰为原料合成前驱体,通过红外光谱、差热分析等对前驱体组成、结构及热分解过程进行了研究,将前驱体进一步焙烧得到尖晶石LiMn2O4,通过对其磁化率的测定对其组成进行确认．     

GdAlO粉体的溶胶凝胶法制备工艺及烧结行为研究

以Gd2O3、Al（NO3）3·9H2O和HNO3为原料，柠檬酸为络合剂，通过溶胶凝胶法制备前驱体，经过1000℃，保温2h热处理得到了纯相铝酸钆（GdAlO3）粉体。通过研究GdAlO3坯体样品的恒速无压烧结曲线发现，当升温速率为5℃／min时，样品在957℃开始收缩，烧结温度为1600℃时，最大收缩率为16．17％；通过计算得出GdAIO3坯体在烧结温度200-1000℃范围内平均线膨胀系数是9．38×10^-8／℃，以烧结曲线为基础，使用基于相对收缩率的Arrhenius关系，计算得到铝酸钆的烧结激活能为22．4kJ／mol，低于氧化铝的烧结激活能，说明其会促进氧化铝的烧结。     

镍铁复合金属氧化物的制备与表征

共沉淀法合成的镍铁类水滑石为前驱体，经高温焙烧得到复合金属氧化物．采用XRD、FTIR、SEM等分析手段表征了镍铁复合金属氧化物及其前驱体的结构和形貌．结果表明，制备的镍铁类水滑石前驱体呈典型的层状结构，经200℃焙烧水滑石结构没有遭到破坏，300～500℃焙烧后只出现氧化镍的特征衍射峰，当焙烧温度达到600℃时，同时出现氧化镍和镍铁尖品石的特征衍射峰，随焙烧温度的升高强度均逐渐增大．     

模式识别对La_x Ba_(1-x)TiO_3纳米多晶制备工艺参数的设计

利用溶胶－凝胶法合成钡钛前驱体，经干燥、焙烧等工艺制备了一系列镧掺杂钛酸钡纳米多晶粉体，利用ＸＲＤ确定物相及原始晶粒尺寸；通过模式识别中非线性映照及逆映照方法以原始晶粒尺寸作为目标值将试样分为３类，并通过分类图对工艺参数进行设计，按设计结果进行实验验证，获得了预期结果的多晶粉体，说明模式识别的应用有利于克服传统“炒菜式”合成方法的盲目性．     

基于微米氧化铁的LiFePO4/C正极材料制备及性能研究

文章以微米级氧化铁为原料,通过前驱体预处理合成LiFePO4/C正极材料,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)等手段对合成的磷酸铁锂材料结构和微观形貌进行表征,考察了不同球磨时间对浆料粒径的影响,分析了前驱体预处理对合成产物性能提升的原因。结果表明,以微米氧化铁为原料,经过预处理后制备得到的LiFePO4/C正极材料的电化学性能具有明显改善,0.2C和1C条件下,放电容量较之前驱体未处理样品分别提高了22.5%和27.3%,合成样品性能改善的主要原因在于前驱体预处理降低了二次团聚体粒径。     

尿素均相沉淀法制备均分散氧化亚镍粉末(Ⅱ)——前驱体的热分解研究

通过ＴＧ／ＤＴＡ,ＸＲＤ,ＳＥＭ等测试手段对氧化亚镍前驱体粒子及其煅烧产物的组成、结构、形貌等特征进行了分析表征．研究了前驱体粒子的热分解行为,确定了合适的煅烧温度,并分析了前驱体粒子特征对最终氧化亚镍产物的影响．结果表明,在典型工艺条件下得到的前驱体粒子经严格控制一定的煅烧温度和时间,可得到均匀分散的球形氧化亚镍微粉．     

双元素共掺杂纳米TiO2的制备及光催化活性

采用特殊液相沉淀法制备了双元素镧和铁掺杂纳米二氧化钛粉体,通过TG-DTA对其前驱体进行分析,用XRD和TEM对其进行表征。用它做催化剂在日光作用下对亚甲基蓝进行了光催化实验,结果表明双元素镧和铁掺杂纳米二氧化钛比纯纳米Ti02粉体光催化效果好。其中掺铁1％、镧0．5％的纳米TiO2在焙烧温度650℃焙烧时间30min时效果最佳。     

EDTA凝胶法合成LaAlO3研究

利用乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)凝胶法合成了LaAlO3．利用差热分析(DTA)、热重分析(TG)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和X射线衍射(XRD)等技术对前驱体及得到的粉末进行了分析．其结果是：在LaAlO3合成过程中,溶液的pH值直接影响凝胶的形成,本实验中控制溶液的pH值在0．5左右;在800℃条件下,2h合成了结晶良好的、单相的LaAlO3,并且LaAlo3不是通过La2O3与Al2O3经过固相反应形成的,而是直接从无定形前驱体结晶形成的,没有中间相生成．     

EDTA络合法合成CSLNT陶瓷粉体

以乙二胺四乙酸 (EDTA)为络合剂 ,采用液相混合法合成 (1 -x)Ca0 .4Sm0 .4TiO3 -xLi0 .5Nd0 .5TiO3(CSLNT)陶瓷粉体 .探讨了溶液的 pH值对CSLNT粉体制备的影响 .采用XRD和SEM等技术来分析和表征由有机物前驱体得到的粉体 .当x =0 .3时 ,在空气中将CSLNT前驱体于 1 0 0 0℃预烧 3h可得到钙钛矿结构的CSLNT ,用此粉体制备的微波介质陶瓷在 1 2 5 0℃烧结 3h显示出优良的微波介电性能 :εr=98,Qf =6 5 0 0GHz ,τf=7.6× 1 0 -6/℃ .     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that