磁场下烧结对Bi_(0.9)La_(0.1)FeO_3结构和电极化性能的影响

采用固相反应法在高温和磁场下退火制备了Bi0.9La0.1FeO3块体样品,利用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜对其结构和形貌进行了分析,利用铁电材料分析系统对样品的电极化性能进行了测试,在常温下测试结果表明磁场下制备的Bi0.9La0.1FeO3样品电极化性能得到了提高.     

锂离子电池纳米NiO负极材料的制备

采用乳液法制备了Ni(OH)2前驱体,在空气氛中、500℃下煅烧2h得到NiO材料,采用XRD、SEM、充放电测试和循环伏安实验对其结构、形貌和性能进行表征.结果表明,粒状结构的纳米NiO材料具有良好的循环性能,40次循环内可逆比容量无明显衰减.第40次循环的可逆比容量为400mA.h/g,库仑效率为95%.     

基于NiO纳米薄膜的NO2传感器

以四水合乙酸镍(NiC₄H₆O₄·4H₂O)、氨水(NH₃·H₂O)和乙二醇甲醚(C₃H₈O)为前驱体,采用溶胶–凝胶提拉涂膜法制备NiO纳米薄膜,考察了提拉速度与涂膜层数对NiO纳米薄膜形貌结构与NO₂气敏特性的影响.结果表明,在提拉速度为400μm/s,涂膜层数为2层的条件下可获得表面形貌均一、疏松多孔的NiO纳米薄膜,其主要由直径为20~30nm面心立方结构的NiO晶体颗粒构成.气敏检测结果表明,NiO纳米薄膜呈现p型半导体特性,在工作温度150℃条件下对NO₂表现出良好的响应-恢复特性与可逆性,并对其气敏机理进行了探讨.     

La_(0.9)Mg_(0.1)Cr_(1-x)M_xO_3钙钛矿型氧化物的制备及催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备一系列钙钛矿复合氧化物La0.9Mg0.1Cr1-xMxO3(M为Fe、Cu和Ni),并考察其催化性能.同时利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射等分析方法,表征催化剂性能与结构之间的关系.实验结果表明:750℃焙烧制得的La0.9Mg0.1Cr0.8Cu0.2O3具有良好的三效催化性能,在该催化剂上C3H6、CO和NO的起燃温度T50较低,分别为229℃、202℃和286℃;完全转化温度T90分别为325℃、247℃和348℃;500℃转化率分别高达91.1%、99.3%和93.9%.La0.9Mg0.1Cr0.8Cu0.2O3具有良好的钙钛矿晶体结构,晶粒为纳米级,热稳定性高,所以催化性能良好.     

Bi_2O_3纳米纤维的制备、表征及光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶过程和静电纺丝技术相结合的方法,以聚丙烯腈(PAN)和硝酸铋为前驱物,制备了PAN/Bi(NO3)3复合纤维,该复合纤维经高温煅烧得到了Bi2O3纳米纤维.利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱、紫外可见漫反射光谱等测试技术对样品的结构与性能进行了表征.结果表明,Bi2O3纳米纤维为规则的一维结构,直径分布均匀,具有较强的紫外光吸收性能.以罗丹明B为模拟污染物,考察了Bi2O3纳米纤维的光催化性能.实验结果表明,煅烧温度为500℃时,光催化活性最佳,TOC去除率为48.7%.     

CH4三自热重整制合成气催化剂的制备与性能

以稀土氧化物(CeO2、La2O3)为助剂对Ni/类水滑石催化剂进行改性,用于CH4三自热重整反应,旨在改善催化剂的活性和稳定性。以共沉淀法先制得铈(镧)掺杂的镁铝类水滑石(LDHs),焙烧后再以浸渍法负载镍活性组分得到Ni/LDHs前驱体,再焙烧得到NiO/CeO2(La2O3)-MgO-Al2O3催化剂。用ICP-AES进行Ni、Mg、Al元素分析,BET法测试催化剂比表面积,XRD表征催化剂物相,H2-TPR表征催化剂活性中心。考察了原料气组成为n(CH4)∶n(CO2)∶n(H2O)∶n(O2)=1∶0.5∶1.8∶0.1时催化剂在750℃、0.1MPa条件下CH4三自热催化重整的稳定性及积炭性能。结果表明,制得的Ni/CeO2(La2O3)-MgO-Al2O3催化剂中,Ni组分以NiO形式存在于催化剂表面,能降低催化剂还原活化温度;在催化剂中掺杂CeO2(La2O3)对其活性有一定程度的调控作用,且能够很好地改善催化剂的抗积碳性能;当Ni的质量分数为10%、Al与Mg的质量比为1.7时,催化活性较好,750℃、0.1 MPa时,CH4转化率达到92.3%,CO2转化率达到98.3%;反应100 h后,Ni/CeO2(La2O3)-MgO-Al2O3催化剂上的CH4转化率仍可维持在75%以上。     

聚氨酯模板法制备棒状纳米氧化锌

以乙酸锌(Zn(CH3COO)2)和三乙胺TEA((CH3CH2)3N)为主要原料,通过在体系中加入一定浓度的水性聚氨脂(WPU)作为模板,采用水热沉淀法制备得到Zn(OH)2前躯体.然后将前驱体在400℃下煅烧2 h,获得纳米氧化锌(ZnO)粉末,采用XRD和扫描电镜(SEM)对氧化锌粉末的结构与形貌进行分析.研究结果表明,以聚氨酯为模板、在一定条件下可以制得棒状纳米ZnO粉末;水热反应温度在110～150℃范围内,氧化锌晶体棒子长度随温度升高而降低,反应时间为20 h.     

直接沉淀法纳米氧化锌的制备及表征

以ZnCl2.2H2O和无水(NH4)2CO3为原料,采用直接沉淀法制备了纳米氧化锌.TG-DTG-DTA、IR分析结果表明,前驱体为碱式碳酸锌[Zn5(OH)6(CO3)2].前驱体经300℃煅烧1 h、2 h、3 h后分别得到粒径不同的纳米氧化锌.用XRD、TEM和BET等进行表征,300℃煅烧2 h得到的纳米氧化锌的最小粒径约为8 nm,最大约为15 nm,平均粒径约为12 nm,比表面积为80.56 m2/g,纯度达99.9%以上,结果较为满意.     

水热-热分解法制备棒状和多面体状四氧化三钴

以Co(CH3COO)2.4H2O和H2C2O4.2H2O为原料,聚乙二醇(相对分子质量为20 000)为表面活性剂,在水-正丁醇溶剂体系中及水热条件下制备草酸钴前驱体;采用不同的热分解方法对草酸钴前驱体进行处理制备纯物相的棒状和多面体状四氧化三钴;并用热重-差热分析、红外光谱、X射线衍射和透射电镜对草酸钴前驱体和四氧化三钴产物的结构和形貌进行表征。研究结果表明:对草酸钴前驱体采用不同的热分解方法得到的四氧化三钴的形貌不同,将前驱体于400℃煅烧3 h得到直径约为0.1μm,长度可达1μm的纯物相棒状四氧化三钴;而采用二段热分解方法即将前驱体于350℃煅烧1 h,然后于750℃煅烧2 h时,得到多面体状四氧化三钴。     

钙钛矿型La0.1Sr0.9Co0.9Fe0.1O3-δ膜的非化学计量及氧渗透模型

钙钛矿型透氧膜的非化学计量平衡关系与氧分压和温度有关,并对其应用起决定作用.文中以金属硝酸盐为前驱体,采用EDTA-柠檬酸联合络合法制备了钙钛矿型氧化物La0.1Sr0.9Co0.9Fe0.1O3-δ,并利用TG/DSC、XRD、SEM等方法对La0.1Sr0.9Co0.9Fe0.1O3-δ粉体的晶体结构和表面形态进行了表征.温度在923~1 223K、压力在0.101~1.01×105Pa之间变化时,采用热重分析法测得La0.1Sr0.9Co0.9Fe0.1O3-δ的非化学计量值在0.33~0.51之间.文中还利用简化的半经验公式对非化学计量值δ进行了计算,发现半经验公式能很好地与实验数据相拟合,由此得到了一个氧渗透通量的计算模型.实验结果表明,所提出的模型能够较好地预测La0.1Sr0.9Co0.9Fe0.1O3-δ膜的氧渗透通量.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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