协效剂对聚丙烯/氢氧化镁复合材料阻燃和力学性能的影响

采用硬脂酸钠改性后的氢氧化镁与聚丙烯（PP）材料熔融共混,分别以二氧化硅或硼酸锌或聚磷酸铵与季戊四醇的混合物为协效剂,制备氢氧化镁填充量为50%（质量分数）的阻燃聚丙烯。考察了聚丙烯复合材料的燃烧性能、拉伸强度、冲击强度和断面形貌。结果表明：5%（质量分数）的硬脂酸钠改性氢氧化镁填充聚丙烯制备的复合材料拉伸强度、冲击强度和分散性都高于未改性聚丙烯/氢氧化镁复合材料;当协效剂添加量不超过3%时,二氧化硅或硼酸锌对复合材料有协同阻燃和填充增强的作用;聚磷酸铵和季戊四醇的混合物与氢氧化镁有较好的协同阻燃作用,且随着用量的增加,复合材料拉伸强度下降,冲击强度变化不大。     

表面改性赤泥协同阻燃聚丙烯的研究

为了提高聚丙烯(PP)材料的阻燃性能,用硬脂酸对赤泥(RM)进行表面改性后添加到聚丙烯中,制备出PP/表面改性赤泥(MRM)复合材料,并研究了将表面改性后的赤泥与微胶囊红磷(MRP)、氢氧化镁(MH)、氢氧化铝(ATH)、三聚氰胺(MEL)、聚磷酸铵(APP)、氧化锑(Sb_2O_3)、氧化锌(ZnO)进行复配的效果。结果表明,表面改性后的赤泥(MRM)具有更优的加工性能,与PP基体间的相容性更好;在PP基体中添加50份MRM所制得的PP/MRM复合材料的熔融指数比PP/RM复合材料高20.08 g/10 min;MRM与MRP、MH、ATH、MEL、APP、Sb_2O_3阻燃剂进行复配后可以较好地改善PP复合材料的阻燃性能;当PP∶MRM∶MRP∶(MH+ATH)∶MEL∶APP∶Sb_2O_3为100∶95∶10∶25∶20∶20∶20时,PP复合材料的阻燃性能最佳,其氧指数和垂直燃烧等级分别达到29.1%和V-0级。     

复合改性剂对氢氧化镁的表面改性研究

采用硬脂酸钠/油酸钠/聚乙二醇6 000复配表面活性剂为改性剂,对氢氧化镁进行改性研究.通过改性前后氢氧化镁粉体的吸油值及其在液体石蜡中的吸光度等性能来评价氢氧化镁的改性效果,从而确定最佳改性条件,同时采用红外谱图研究了表面改性分子与氢氧化镁表面的作用机理.正交实验结果表明,在表面改性剂的质量分数为9％,硬脂酸钠/油酸钠/聚乙二醇6 000的配料比为2：2：1（质量比）,改性温度为60℃,改性时间为100 min条件下制备的产品性能优良,在石蜡中分散性良好,红外光谱显示表面改性剂分子在氢氧化镁表面发生化学吸附.     

有机累托石改性阻燃电缆料的制备

用酸化钠化法对累托石(REC)进行结构修饰,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HDTMA.Br)为插层剂,制备了有机累托石(OREC)。使用X-射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)测试其物相,结果显示HDTMA+已完全插层,累托石的层间距由改性前的2.41 nm增大到4.08 nm。通过熔融插层法制备了无卤阻燃电缆料,对其微观结构、力学性能和阻燃性能进行分析,结果表明:氢氧化镁(MH)及OREC填料深埋于基体树脂乙烯-醋酸-乙烯酯共聚物EVA中,形成硬核软壳的特殊结构;OREC与MH具有协同阻燃作用,当OREC添加量为4%时,复合材料的氧指数达到33.8%,较单独添加MH时高出4.8%;拉伸强度较仅添加MH的复合材料提高17%。经老化测试表明,自制有机累托石改性的EVA无卤阻燃电缆料的性能指标满足行业标准的要求。     

PA6/ADP/BOZ复合材料的阻燃性能

将合成的双酚A型苯并噁嗪(BOZ)作为成炭协效剂与二乙基次膦酸铝(ADP)复配应用于阻燃聚酰胺6(PA6),熔融共混制备了阻燃PA6复合材料.通过UL94阻燃等级、极限氧指数(LOI)、锥形量热(Cone)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及热分析(TG/DTG)等研究了复合材料的协同阻燃性能及作用机制.结果表明:BOZ和ADP在阻燃PA6具有良好的协同阻燃效应.添加0.3%BOZ和9.7%ADP时,PA6/ADP/BOZ复合材料的垂直燃烧达到UL94 V-0级,LOI达到了31.0%,拉伸强度、弯曲强度分别为74.6和109.6 MPa.     

蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及其在棉织物阻燃整理中的应用

采用类原位聚合法制备了硬脂酸酰胺蒙脱土纳米复合材料(EBS/MMT),并用X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶红外光谱((FT-IR))对复合材料进行表征,证实所得产物为插层型蒙脱土纳米复合材料.复合后蒙脱土层间距由1.32nm增加到1.78nm(蒙脱土质量分数为8%)和1.81nm(蒙脱土质量分数为5%).通过将蒙脱土纳米复合材料和高聚磷酸铵(APP)复配制得新型膨胀阻燃体系,并用制备的阻燃整理液对纯棉织物进行阻燃整理.研究表明,蒙脱土纳米复合材料在该体系起高效成炭剂作用.同时探讨了整理液各组分质量浓度及整理工艺条件对阻燃整理效果的影响,得到纯棉织物阻燃整理的优化工艺为高聚磷酸铵质量浓度为160g/L,改性2D树脂交联剂质量浓度为100g/L,蒙脱土纳米复合材料质量浓度为40g/L,焙烘温度为150℃,焙烘时间为3min.     

层离高密度聚乙烯/层状双氢氧化物纳米复合材料的制备

采用熔融插层法制备了高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）／层状双氢氧化物（IDH）纳米复合材料．结构分析表明，当LDH含量低于5％时，LDH片层在纳米复合材料中是完全层离的．热性能分析表明，所得HDPE／LDH纳米复合材料比纯HDPE具有更高的热稳定性．以50％失重为比较点，当LDH含量为5％时，HDPE／LDH样品的降解温度比纯HDPE高出达40℃．     

镁铝双氢氧化物的十二烷基单磷酸钾插层研究

采用成核/晶化法制备了镁铝型的层状双氢氧化物(MgAl-LDHs),以十二烷基单磷酸钾(PK)对LDH进行有机改性,制得有机化的LDH(LDH-PK).x-射线衍射(XRD)和傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)研究表明十二烷基单磷酸根离子成功的插层进入层间,并将层间距从0.78 nm扩大到3.98 nm;热重分析(TGA)结果表明十二烷基单磷酸根离子插层的MgAl-LDH(MgAl-LDH-PK)的热分解过程分为三个明显的失重阶段,分别对应着表面吸附水、层间脱水及层板羟基脱水及层间客体阴离子的降解;同时讨论了重构中插入层间十二烷基磷酸根离子的负载量.     

PA6及PA6/MRP复合材料的氧化降解及动力学过程分析

分别用K inssinger、Ozawa以及Friedman法求解PA6动力学参数,并用Friedman法对PA6/MRP复合材料的氧化降解及动力学过程进行了比较研究,结果表明：微胶囊化红磷（MRP）的加入,可降低PA6相应各阶段最大失重温度,促进PA6分解,降低活化能,使PA6热降解更倾向于互变异构,产生大量的碳化二酰亚胺,有利于提高PA6阻燃性能。     

聚合物/层状双氢氧化物纳米复合材料的研究与展望

介绍了近年来以聚合物为基体的聚合物/层状双氢氧化物纳米复合材料的研究进展,重点阐述了层状双氢氧化物的合成、改性和纳米复合材料的制备、表征及其性能,并展望了应用前景.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-