基于惩罚回归样条的函数导数拟合

在函数形式未知,而已知该函数的带误差的离散数据点情况下,运用基于p次截断幂基的惩罚回归样条拟合数据点,并在拟合出的曲线基础上求出函数的一阶导数。该方法将经典最小二乘法和惩罚样条方法进行结合,既考虑了拟合优度,又兼顾拟合曲线的光滑性,模拟和实际应用的例子显示此种方法效果较理想。     

BP神经网络在水轮机综合特性曲线中的应用

介绍了利用BP人工神经网络进行水轮机综合特性曲线数据处理的方法。这种方法无须建立具体的函数关系表达式,即可将已知离散数据进行拟合,从而提高了水轮机综合特性曲线数据处理的工作效率。     

用于风险分析的一种连续概率分布离散化的方法

由于风险分析中频繁使用的蒙特卡罗模拟,必须对风险变量所符合的连续分布大量抽样,才能得到较可信的结果.如果把风险变量所符合的连续分布转换为离散分布,能够显著减少蒙特卡罗模拟的计算量.提出了一种把连续分布转换为离散分布的方法,这种方法是对连续分布的积累概率曲线和离散分布的积累概率曲线所围成的区域面积进行拟合而得到的.最后给出了这种方法在风险分析中的具体应用步骤.     

函数型变量选择法用于空气质量影响因素实证分析

以全国31个主要城市的空气污染数据作为研究对象,通过B-样条逼近离散数据,拟合日变动曲线作为函数型数据,采用基于Group LASSO的函数型变量选择方法对空气污染因素和气象因素进行变量选择,选取影响空气质量的主要因素,并建立函数型回归模型,同时与函数型主成分回归方法进行比较,发现Group LASSO函数型变量选择方法不仅对群组变量进行选择,而且对选择出的群组内变量还能做进一步的选择,可以获得较为稳健的估计结果和较好的选择效果。     

地下隧道在内爆炸荷载作用下的动力响应分析

为解决内爆炸荷载作用下地下隧道的动力响应,在经典弹性理论的基础上,建立了圆柱壳在内部冲击爆炸荷载作用下的动力平衡方程,对爆炸荷载经过傅里叶展开以及对动力平衡方程的拉普拉斯变换,得到了内部冲击荷载作用下各向异性圆柱壳体动力反应问题的解析解。通过简化分析,得到了一种精度较高的简化计算方法。计算结果表明,对于圆柱壳内爆炸,挠度幅值在集中装药爆炸点的周围达到峰值;随着距该点距离的增加,挠度幅值减小,圆柱壳周围的土介质使振动产生较大幅度的衰减。计算结果可直接应用于圆柱形壳体和地铁隧道内部爆炸动力分析及地铁隧道内爆炸条件下冲击波的传播规律研究与计算。     

分形插值及分形维数的图解法

自然界中存在的许多现象具有分形特征,传统的Euclid空间对具有分形特征的自然界形态模拟具有一定的困难,对此可以用分形插值来拟合自然界形态。基于迭代函数系统（IFS）,通过离散的数据点构成分形插值函数,可以证明分形插值函数是这个IFS唯一的吸引子。分形插值曲线的分形维数直接用数学公式求解比较困难,借助于MATLAB矩阵运算与图形绘制功能,采用图解方法求取,精度可以达到0.01~0.001,从而实现离散数据点的分形插值拟合及其分形维数的求解。试验结果表明,该算法具有简捷直观的特点。     

油气弹簧台架试验中的数据处理

基于最小二乘法原理,阐述了间隔离散点数据的多项式拟合方法,探讨了相应函数模型及其具体应用.结合油气弹簧台架试验,应用MATLAB软件对试验数据进行了处理,拟合出了精度较高的刚度特性曲线、示功图和速度特性曲线,表明该方法原理简便可行.模型易用MATLAB求解,可用于指导油气弹簧的设计.     

一种基于产生式分数空间的单样本人脸识别方法

提出一种基于产生式分数空间的单样本人脸识别方法.首先设计了适用于人脸表示的概率产生式模型,并有效地结合了分部式方法的灵活性和稀疏成分分析的稳健性.然后基于该模型导出分数函数(特征映射),并构建了本质上是观测数据、隐变量和模型参数函数的概率相似度.最后,基于2个标准人脸数据库进行了仿真实验,验证了所提出方法的有效性.     

已知离散点曲率的曲线拟合递推方法

该文介绍了一种简单的在已知离散点曲率的情况下进行平面和空间曲线拟合的方法，在相邻的已知离散点之间，用线性插值的规则获得插值点的曲率值，然后提出一种基于微分原理的递推方法，从起始点开始逐点运算推进，将曲线形状拟合出来．     

风力机叶片三维模型的计算机绘图法

根据风力发电机组叶片的结构特点,在三次样条插值函数拟合叶片翼型曲线的基础上,提出一种利用计算机建立叶片截面与三维模型的程序设计方法.该方法应用插值拟合理论求解叶片截面翼型曲线离散点的坐标,应用点的坐标变换理论求解各离散点空间实际位置的坐标,应用三维几何建模理论建立叶片模型.最后给出一个仿真实例.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with