中国传统文化中的休闲观念

休闲在我国传统文化中有着独特的文化意蕴。儒家以积极进取的入世态度，将休闲当作修身养性完善德行的手段，追求着安贫乐道、随遇而安的人生境界；道家则以超然出世的人生态度，追求着天地浑成、物我为一的境界，以求得精神自由为人生目标；禅宗则以在世的人生态度，摆脱人生的一切烦恼，进入快乐无忧的境界。无论儒、道、禅三家的休闲观念有何种不同的表现形式，总的说来，中国人的休闲哲学其实就是中国人的一种生存智慧，或者说是中国古代哲人教给人们在有限的条件下追求精神的自由，尽情享受生活的乐趣的一种快乐的哲学。

The Leisure Ideas in Traditional Chinese Culture

In the traditional culture of China, leisure has some special implicates. The Confucians who are passionately going into the society make leisure the methods of self-improvement the mind-cultivation, willing to live simple and righteous, conciliating to the existing situation. The Taoists however renouncing the world, pursue the unity of human and nature to acquire spiritual freedom; the Zenists achieve the gay insouciance by accepting the society and ridding all vexation of life. No matter what differences of the forms of the conception of leisure among the Confucians, Taoists and Zenists, the philosophy of leisure is, from a wider view, the wisdom of survival, or the philosophy of enjoying the pleasure of life in a way of what ancient Chinese philosophers have inherited that the free spirits can be obtained even under limited conditions.