传统宗教意识和中国科学发展

冯友兰提过一种看法：中国哲学家不需要现代科学。这种观点从未得到过学术界的讨论。本文旨在通过对中国自然观念的存在分析来进行这样的考证。文中以《庄子》和《中庸》为基础，对道家和儒家中国式的存在关怀以及它们为何对现代科学观念下的科学研究不感兴趣进行考察，并支持这样一种观点：这两部著作中包含了一种终极关怀；这种终极关怀与作为现代科学基础的终极关怀完全不同。为了佐证这一观点，文中对徐光启和伽利略进行了简要比较，并提出这样一个议题：为了更好地理解中国现代科学的发展，我们不得不透视作为现代科学基础的宗教意识。

Traditional Religiosity and Scientific Development of China

Feng Youlan had made a strong suggestion that Chinese philosophers did not want modern science. This suggestion has not received a justification in scholarship. This essay is an attempt to provide such a justification through an existential analysis of Chinese concept of nature. The essay will examine Chinese existential concerns prevailing in Daoism and Confucianism, and their distaste for scientific study in the sense of modern science base on the Zhuangzi and the Zhongyong, and defend a claim that they contain an ultimate concern completely different from the one that sustains modern science. A brief comparative discussion of Xu Guangqi and Galileo will be used to support the claim. It raises a question that, to have a better understanding of the development of modern science in China, we have to penetrate into the religiosity that has been sustaining modern science.