基于国家科学技术奖的高等院校科技实力分析

当前,国家科学技术奖是衡量一个单位或个人学术水平高低和社会贡献大小的重要评价指标之一,因此各高等院校非常重视科技奖励工作。由于国家自然科学奖、国家技术发明奖和国家科学技术进步奖每年授奖的数量不同,单纯用获奖数量并不能合理反映高等院校科技实力的相对变化情况。为此,本文提出"院校率"的概念,专门用于定量表征高等院校的科技实力。研究结果表明,近几年高等院校在国家三大奖的获奖能力上有明显提高;在我国,一流大学几乎都具备获得国家自然科学奖、国家技术发明奖和国家科学技术进步奖的能力;在理论基础和应用基础领域内,原始创新能力建设是成为一流大学的必要条件。

Analysis of Science and Technology Strength in Higher Universities Based on State Science and Technology Awards

Currently State Science and Technology Awards has been one of the important indexes used to evaluate an institution or individual＇s academic status and social contributions,so universities in China attach great importance to the science and technology awards.The different number of State Natural Science Award,State Technological Invention Award and State Science and Technology Progress Award are awarded in every year,so it is unreasonable to only use the number of winning state awards acquired by universities to reflect their relative changes of science and technology strength.In paper,authors have proposed College Rate to express the quantitative characteristics of science and technology strength in universities.The results show that universities＇ abilities to win state awards have significantly increased in recent years,the first-class universities in China almost have the science and technology strength to win state awards,and it is also necessary for first-class universities to improve original innovation ability in the field of theoretical basic research and applied research.